These new genus and species of locust were collected from the Dayao Mountains of middle east Guangxi. All type-specimens are deposited in Shanghai Institute of Entomology, Academia Sinica.
Analysis of the data from 7188 cases seen in the 1980s two general hospitals in Shanghai and comparison of the data with those in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s revealed that the percentage of heart diseases among the inpatients in medical wards increased in each decades, from 9.89%, 15.69% 20.91% to 23.54% respectively. The constituent ratios of different etiologic types of heart diseases changed. Coronary heart disease constituted the largest proportion, next in number was rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease was in the third place. The incidence of congenital heart diseases, myocarditis, cardiac dysrhythmias without organic heart diseases, cardiomyopathy and endocarditis increased and that of rheumatic heart disease, pulmonary heart disease and hypertensive heart disease apparently decreased, syphilitic heart disease was rarely encountered.
To investigate the effects of autonomic drugs on the in vivo bladder base and proximal urethra in order to provide some reference materials for clinical usage of these drugs in the treatment of bladder outlet dysfunction.In 35 dogs, the bladder base was separated from the bladder body and closed to constitute a small chamber. The changes of the pressure in the bladder base chamber and proximal urethra were recorded synchronously before and after administration of autonomic drugs. All data were analyzed with Student's t test.The bladder base had little response to acetylcholine (Ach) which however promoted a contraction of the proximal urethra. The effect of Ach on the proximal urethra was antagonized by phentolamine, but not by atropine. Isoprenaline resulted in relaxation of the bladder base, though it had little effect on the urethra. Norepinephrine (NE) produced contraction of the bladder base and urethra, while phentolamine caused a reduction in the bladder base and urethral pressure, and blocked the response of the bladder outlet region to NE. Angiotensin amide (AII) caused contraction of the bladder base and urethra, which was not obliterated by phentolamine.The cholinergic drug has no influence on the in vivo canine bladder base, but causes a contraction of the proximal urethra through indirect activation of alpha-receptors. The alpha-adrenergic agents have great effects on the bladder base and urethra by acting on alpha-receptors within the musculature in the outlet region. The beta-adrenoceptor agonist results in relaxation of the bladder base, but it has no effect on the urethra.
A solid-phase extraction and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) was developed for the rapid determination of 13 diuretics (belonging to five different pharmacological groups), probenecid, caffeine and pemoline in urine. Two ml urine sample was first adsorbed on a XAD-2 column, then eluted with ether-ethyl acetate (1:1). The eluate was evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in methanol. The methanolic solution was injected into a HP LiChrosorb RP-18 column, using phosphate buffer (pH 3) and acetonitrile as the mobile phase and monitored at 216 nm, 230 nm, and 275 nm on a diode array ultraviolet detector. The extraction recoveries of 16 drugs were above 75%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.3-3.0 micrograms/ml of urine. All drugs were separately administered to healthy volunteers, positive urine samples were collected, and urinary excretion-time curves of some drugs were reported.
【Objective】 To acknowledge the natural physical growth pattern of exclusively breastfeeding infants in capital Cities and to provide the reference for growth monitoring and nutritional evaluation.【Methods】 According to the WHO 2006 growth monitoring project,1 343 exclusively breastfeeding infants were recruited in six capital cities in China.The longitudinal weight,length,and head circumference were measured from the birth to 12 months old.The monitoring frequency was 16 times in total.【Results】 Compared with birth weight and height,the weight of infant was 2 times after 3 months old and 3 times at 12 months old,and the length was 1.5 time at 12 months old.The value of weight,height and head circumference was higher in boys than in girls,and the difference was significant(P0.01).Compared to WHO 2006 new growth standard,the weight,height and head circumference value was higher in our capital cities breastfeeding infant,except for seven days and fourteen days.【Conclusions】 The growth and development status of six capital cities breastfeeding infant are in good condition.The growth potential of infants in capital China achieved WHO 2006 new standard.
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