In recent years, large-scale outbreaks of the green alga <i>Enteromorpha prolifera</i> in China’s offshore waters have posed a serious threat. This study aimed to improve <i>Enteromorpha</i> polysaccharide (EP) enzymatic sugar production using the hydrolase system of <i>Vibrio</i> sp. H11, an EP-utilizing microbial strain. Strain H11 was found to contain 711 carbohydrate-related genes, and 259 genes belong to glycoside hydrolases that have the potential to hydrolyze EP. To maximize the capability of strain H11 to hydrolyze EP, both the culture medium and the composition were optimized. Response surface methodology analysis showed that maximal enzymatic production from strain H11 was 8.43 U/mL after 26-h incubation. When 50 g/L of EP were treated with crude H11 enzyme, the concentration of fermentation sugars increased by 36.12%. Under these conditions, the hydrolysates were capable of generating 3,217 mL/L of biogas and 6.74 g/L of biosolvents, with increases of 28.17 and 7.29%, respectively, compared to controls. The combined application of the H11 enzymatic system and anaerobic fermentation has the potential to improve the comprehensive application of EP.
Hemocyanin is a multifunctional glycoprotein, which also plays multiple roles in immune defense. While it has been demonstrated that hemocyanin from some mollusks can induce potent immune response and is therefore undergoing clinical trials to be used in anti-tumor immunotherapy, little is currently known about how hemocyanin from arthropods affect tumors. In this study we investigated the anti-tumor activity of hemocyanin from Litopenaeus vannamei on Sarcoma-180 (S180) tumor-bearing mice model. Eight days treatment with 4mg/kg bodyweight of hemocyanin significantly inhibited the growth of S180 up to 49% as compared to untreated. Similarly, histopathology analysis showed a significant decrease in tumor cell number and density in the tissues of treated mice. Moreover, there was a significant increase in immune organs index, lymphocyte proliferation, NK cell cytotoxic activity and serum TNF-α level, suggesting that hemocyanin could improve the immunity of the S180 tumor-bearing mice. Additionally, there was a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and a decrease in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and liver, which further suggest that hemocyanin improved the anti-oxidant ability of the S180 tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, our data demonstrated that L. vannamei hemocyanin had a significant antitumor activity in mice.
PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 光照强度和氮营养盐浓度对龙须菜生理代谢的影响 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 汕头大学 理学院 生物系, 广东 汕头 515063 作者简介: 张清芳(1989-),女,硕士,从事植物生理研究.E-mail:zhangqingfang0629@163.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S968 基金项目: 广东省海洋与渔业局科技推广专项项目（A201405B06）. The effects of light intensity and nitrogen on the physiology of the red macroalgae Gracilaria lemaneiformis Author: Affiliation: Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以龙须菜（+=2：1）为氮源配制人工海水，将在低光低氮（L-N-）条件下培养的龙须菜部分给予高光照处理（L+N-），同时另一部分在给予高光照的同时给予更充足的氮源（L+N+），通过测定3种不同处理条件下物质积累、光合色素以及碳氮代谢中的关键酶等多种生理指标，探讨光照强弱与氮源多寡对龙须菜生理代谢的影响。结果表明，在低氮培养时，高光可使藻体可溶性蛋白、含水率、藻红蛋白和叶绿素a的含量下降，而可溶性糖含量上升13.67%；高光培养时，高氮使可溶性蛋白、含水率、藻红蛋白和叶绿素a的含量上升，而可溶性糖含量下降16.3%；相对于低光低氮（L-N-），高光高氮（L+N+）条件培养使藻体中可溶性蛋白和藻红蛋白含量增加，其含水率、叶绿素a和可溶性糖含量并无显著性差异（>0.05）。从上述结果可以看出，补充氮源能够在一定程度上消除高光照对藻体产生的影响，保证藻体基本生理状态不发生变化的情况下积累蛋白（氮源）。同时补充氮源使得谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）和天庚酮糖-1，7-二磷酸酶（SBPase）的表达均下调，也反映了光合作用所产生的三碳化合物在氮源充足的条件下主要流向了氮循环。而高光照并未对碳氮代谢关键酶的表达产生影响，可能通过直接破坏叶绿素a而影响藻体的光合作用。 Abstract:, which has rich agar, comprises the third-largest seaweed cultivation industry group in China, after . As light intensity gradually strengthens in summer, in the surface layer of cultivation areas becomes green, or even white, yet the internal part remains dark red. was cultured in artificial seawater with inorganic nitrogen (NO3-:NH4+=2:1). Three conditions:low light low nitrogen (L-N-), high light low nitrogen (L+N-) and high light high nitrogen (L+N+) were settled in this study. The impact of light intensity and nitrogen on physiology and metabolism of was studied through measured matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, key enzyme during carbon and nitrogen metabolism under three conditions. The results showed that, compared with the L-N-group, the L+N-group showed decrease of soluble protein, water, phycoerythrin and chlorophyll-a, but the amount of soluble sugar increased 13.67%. Compared with the L+N-group, the L+N+ group showed the increase of soluble protein, water, phycoerythrin and chlorophyll-a, but the amount of soluble sugar decreased 16.3%. Compared with the L+N+ group, the L-N-group showed the increase of soluble protein, phycoerythrin, but there is no significant difference in its amount of water content, chlorophyll-a and soluble sugar. These results confirm that a sufficient amount of nitrogen can weaken the negative effects of high-intensity light on a red macroalgae. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献
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