Abstract Objectives At present, placenta previa-accreta is a growing concern and is still a diagnostic challenge for obstetricians. This study aimed to investigated whether second trimester serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) differed among pregnancies with placenta previa-accreta and placenta previa controls and healthy pregnant controls. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed. In 1 January 2016–30 February 2021, a total of 504 pregnant women were identified and included in our analysis as follows: 105 cases of placenta previa-accreta, 122 cases of placenta previa controls, and 277 cases of BMI-matched, healthy pregnant controls. AFP multiples of the median (MoM) were acquired from laboratory data files. Results AFP MoM of placenta previa-accreta group was significantly higher than those of the placenta previa controls and healthy pregnant controls group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Serum AFP was significantly positively associated with placenta accreta after adjusted age, BMI, and gestational week at time of blood sampling (β: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.52–0.68; p < 0.001). In addition, previous cesarean section history (β: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.18–5.34; p < 0.001) was also significantly associated with placenta accreta. Conclusion Increased second trimester serum AFP was significantly positively associated with placenta accreta. Such finding suggests the potential role of AFP in identifying pregnancies that are at high risk for placenta accreta. Second trimester biomarker of AFP can be used to raise a suspicion toward characterizing women into high-risk and low-risk groups for placenta accreta. In addition, previous cesarean section history may be a risk factor for accreta in placenta previa patients.
Accumulating evidence suggests that immune cells perform crucial inflammation-related functions including clearing dead tissue and promoting wound healing. Thus, they provide a conducive environment for better neuronal regeneration and functional recovery after adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) injury. However, activated immune cells can also induce secondary damage of intact tissue and inhibit post-injury CNS repair. The inflammation response is due to the microglial production of cytokines and chemokines for the recruitment of peripheral immune cell populations, such as monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells and T lymphocytes. Interestingly, microglia and T lymphocytes can be detected at the injured site in both the early and later stages after nerve injury, whereas other peripheral immune cells infiltrate the injured parenchyma of the brain and spinal cord only in the early post-injury phase, and subsequently disappear. This suggests that microglia and T cells may play crucial roles in the post-injury functional recovery of the CNS. In this review, we summarize the current studies on microglia that examined neuronal regeneration and the molecular signalling mechanisms in the injured CNS. Better understanding of the effects of microglia on neural regeneration will aid the development of therapy strategies to enhance CNS functional recovery after injury.
In two growing seasons of wheat (2015-2017), we conducted a field trial with Taishan 28 in Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Science Feicheng experimental base, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. There were four irrigation levels of 150 (A1), 300 (A2), 450 (A3), and 600 (A4) m3·hm-2, and four nitrogen application levels of 90 (B1), 135 (B2), 180 (B3), and 225 (B4) kg·hm-2. We examined the effects of the combination effects of irrigation and nitrogen on dry matter accumulation and transport, nitrogen accumulation and transport, water consumption and utilization, photosynthetic characteristics, wheat grain yield and yield components of wheat. The results showed that dry matter accumulation, nitrogen accumulation, vegetative organs production, storage and the transportation volume to grains of the dry matter and nitrogen, and dry matter and nitrogen accumulation of grain in the mature stage of wheat all reached the maximum in A3B3 treatment, which were significantly different from other treatments. Under all the nitrogen treatments, soil water consumption in the 60-200 cm soil layer was A3>A4>A2>A1. Water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency in A3B3 treatment were higher than that under A3B4, A4B3 and A4B4. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of flag leaves from 7 to 28 days after flowe-ring were all significantly higher in A3B3 treatment, which was conducive to the photosynthetic synthesis of carbohydrates in wheat. The interaction effect of water and nitrogen addition significantly affected grain yield and yield components. Wheat yield was the highest in A3B3 treatment which reached at 9400 kg·hm-2. In conclusion, the treatment with irrigation of 450 m3·hm-2 and nitrogen of 180 kg·hm-2 could significantly improve dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, and promote transportation volume of the dry matter and nitrogen to grain. Compared with the high water and nitrogen treatment, it could effectively increase water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency, enhance photosynthetic capacity of flag leaf, produce more carbohydrate, and increase grain yield.
Aim: Anemia of inflammation (AI) is common among patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). This study aimed to investigate the specific relationship between inflammation indicators and anemia in patients with DFU.
Significance: Under normal physiological conditions, Nrf2 undergoes ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation to maintain its basal activity. Oxidative stress can trigger Nrf2 activation, prompting its translocation to the nucleus where it functions as a transcription factor, activating various antioxidant pathways, and conferring antioxidant properties.
Objective: Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is one of the common acute and critical diseases in neurosurgery. So we aim to explore the clinical effectiveness of an intelligent emergency care model in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods: Eighty patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) who were treated in Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group with 40 patients in each group according to the random number table method. Patients in the control group received conventional first-aid nursing mode intervention, and the intelligent emergency nursing mode was used for the observation group based on the control group. Comparisons were conducted between the two groups on the time of arrival to the emergency room, the time from the emergency room to the operating room, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score before surgery, GCS score when leaving the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the average length of ICU stay, the average length of hospital stay, the total hospital costs. Results: The time of arrival to the emergency room, the time from the emergency room to the operating room, the average length of ICU stay, the average length of hospital stay, and the total hospital costs in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (All P < 0.05). At the same time, the GCS score before surgery and the GCS score when leaving the ICU of the observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Intelligent emergency nursing mode can shorten the time of sTBI rescue, the length of ICU stay, and the average length of hospital stay, reduce the total hospitalization cost, improve the prognosis, with good efficacy, reduce the total cost of hospitalization, and improve the prognosis with better efficacy.
It has been demonstrated that sleep has a great relationship with humans' health and activities.Sleep staging is an important method to analysis sleep.Lots of methods have been adopted for automatic sleep staging.Some of the results are good and some of them are poor.For the poor, the sleep spindle detection can help to correct the results, because in the sleep stage 2(S2), the characteristic wave is sleep spindle and in the later of sleep stage 1(S1), the waves less than the duration time of sleep spindles but have the same period with sleep spindles (immature sleep spindles) appear on the electroenphalography (EEG).Therefore, a time-domain method for detecting sleep spindles is mentioned in this paper.With this method, the majority of sleep spindles and immature sleep spindles can be detected and the duration time of these detected waves can be used as the feature for sleep staging correction, especially the results of S1 and S2.The experiment results show that the accuracy of sleep staging is increased from 65.68% to 66.22%, 47.2% to 48% of S1 and 72.4% to 74.3% of S2.
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