Cor pulmonale is a common disease. The intervention varies and the effectiveness remains unsatisfactory. The vasodilators have been studied intensively in recent years and their application in treating the disease has been developing quickly. In this paper, the advances of research on the vasodilators in treatment of pulmonary hypertension in the last 5 years is reviewed, the advantages and disadvantages of the drugs presented, and a discussion on the trend of treatment of pulmonary hypertension made.
Objective: To study the feasibility of fast-track surgery in colorectal surgery. Methods: 61 patients with elective colorectal operation were divided randomly into experimental group (n=31)and control group(n=30), which were treated with fast-track surgery and traditional methods respectively. The data of stress and recovery after surgery were evaluated. Results: Compared to routine methods, the fast-track surgery can lighten stress, accelerate recovery and reduce the rate of overall complication after surgery. Conclusions: Fast-track surgery including intervention during perioperative period is safe and effective in colorectal surgery, significantly lightening stress and improving recovery in patients after colorectal surgery.
Abstract Maternal environmental factors have been demonstrated to exert significant influences on the health of offspring. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is an important neuroendocrine stress system that can be influenced by early-life challenges. Our previous research has revealed that the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) by pregnant and lactating rats leads to the programming of HPA axis activity in male offspring of the first generation (referred to as F1HFD/C). The present study aimed to investigate whether the observed remodeling of the HPA axis could be inherited by second-generation male offspring (referred to as F2HFD/C), following maternal HFD exposure. The results showed that F2HFD/C rats exhibited enhanced basal HPA axis activity, similar to their F1HFD/C ancestors. Moreover, F2HFD/C rats displayed exacerbated corticosterone responses to restraint and lipopolysaccharide-induced stress, but not to insulin-induced hypoglycemia stress. Furthermore, maternal HFD exposure significantly aggravated depression-like behavior in the F2 generation subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress. To investigate the role of central CGRP signaling in maternal diet-induced programming of the HPA axis across generations, we conducted central infusion of αCGRP8-37, a CGRP receptor antagonist, in F2HFD/C rats. The results demonstrated that αCGRP8-37, attenuated depression-like behaviors and reduced the hyperresponsiveness of the HPA axis to restraint stress in these rats. Therefore, central CGRP signaling may contribute to maternal diet-induced programming of HPA axis across generations. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that maternal HFD consumption can lead to multigenerational programming of the HPA axis and behaviors in adult male descendants.
Abstract: At present, acute vascular rejection (AVR) remains a primary obstacle inhibiting long‐term graft survival in the pig‐to‐non‐human primate transplant model. The present study was undertaken to determine whether repetitive injection of low dose Yunnan‐cobra venom factor (Y‐CVF), a potent complement inhibitor derived from the venom of Naja kaouthia can completely abrogate hemolytic complement activity and subsequently improve the results in a pig‐to‐rhesus monkey heterotopic heart transplant model. Nine adult rhesus monkeys received a heterotopic heart transplant from wild‐type pigs and the recipients were allocated into two groups: group 1 (n = 4) received repetitive injection of low dose Y‐CVF until the end of the study and group 2 (n = 5) did not receive Y‐CVF. All recipients were treated with cyclosporine A (CsA), cyclophosphamide (CyP) and steroids. Repetitive Y‐CVF treatment led to very dramatic fall in CH50 and serum C3 levels (CH50 < 3 units/C3 remained undetectable throughout the experiment) and successfully prevented hyperacute rejection (HAR), while three of five animals in group 2 underwent HAR. However, the continuous suppression of circulating complement did not prevent AVR and the grafts in group 1 survived from 8 to 13 days. Despite undetectable C3 in circulating blood, C3 deposition was present in these grafts. The venular thrombosis was the predominant histopathologic feature of AVR. We conclude that repetitive injection of low dose Y‐CVF can be used to continuously suppress circulating complement in a very potent manner and successfully prevent HAR. However, this therapy did not inhibit complement deposition in the graft and failed to prevent AVR. These data suggest that using alternative pig donors [i.e. human decay accelerating factor (hDAF)‐transgenic] in combination with the systemic use of complement inhibitors may be necessary to further control complement activation and improve survival in pig‐to‐non‐human primate xenotransplant model.
Objective To evaluate the relation of the pulse pressure (PP) to the severity of coronary artery disease Methods Three hundred seventy four patients with coronary artery disease were diagnosed by coronary angiography, 306 male patients, 68 female patients, mean age 31～81 (58 1±10 1) years old Brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured The severity of coronary heart disease was shown as the number of diseased arteries Results Patients with essential hypertension (EH)had higher incidence of 2 coronary artery disease (37 5% vs 8 6%) and 3 coronary artery disease (27 2% vs 14 8%) than those without EH ( P 0 001) Compared to patients with PP65mm Hg, patients with PP≥65mm Hg had higher incidence of 3 coronary artery disease (35 9% vs 19 4%, P 0 05) In a multivariate analysis, age and aortic dimension were the best predictor for the severity of coronary lesions Conclusion Pulse pressure was the simpliest parameter reflecting large artery elasticity and closely related to severity of coronary artery disease This parameter could be a marker of cardiovascular risk, instructing early intervention
Vascular capacitance is reduced by endothelin-1 (ET-1) in deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. This may contribute to hypertension development. Because the splanchnic blood vessels (especially veins) are important in determining vascular capacitance, we tested the hypothesis that ET-1 levels in the splanchnic vasculature are elevated in hypertensive DOCA-salt compared with normotensive rats. Tissue ET-1 content was measured by ELISA in aorta, vena cava, superior mesenteric artery and vein, and small mesenteric arteries and veins from normotensive sham-operated (sham) and 4-wk DOCA-salt rats. We also determined ET-1 concentration in aortic and portal venous blood (draining the nonhepatic splanchnic organs) in anesthetized and conscious sham and DOCA-salt rats before and after acute blockade of ETB receptor-mediated plasma clearance of ET-1. Results showed a higher ET-1 content in veins than in arteries of similar size. However, ET-1 content was similar in vessels from sham and DOCA-salt rats, except in aorta and superior mesenteric artery, where ET-1 content was greater in DOCA-salt rats. ET-1 concentration was significantly higher in portal venous than in aortic blood, indicating net nonhepatic splanchnic release (nNHSR) of ET-1. However, nNHSR of ET-1 was similar in sham and DOCA-salt rats. Although nNHSR of ET-1 increased significantly after ETB receptor blockade in sham rats, it was completely unchanged in DOCA-salt rats. These data suggest that, despite the absence of ETB receptor-mediated plasma clearance of ET-1, neither the venous peptide content nor the net release of ET-1 is increased in the splanchnic vasculature of DOCA-salt rats. These results argue against the hypothesis that increased venomotor tone in DOCA-salt hypertension is caused by increased ET-1 concentration around splanchnic venous smooth muscle cells.
Objective: To detect the changes of serum cardiac troponin T(cTnT) in patients with high altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE). Methods: The levels of cTnT in patients with high altitude pulmonary edema were determined by radiaoimmunoassay before and after treated with nitrogen monoxide(NO). Results: The level of cTnT in HAPE subjects before NO treatment was higher than that after NO treatment(p0.01), and blood oxygen saturation(SaO2) in finger before NO treatment was lower than that after NO treatment(p0.01). The cure rate for HAPE with NO was 100%.Conclusion: There was myocardial damage and heart function fall in HAPE cases, and NO might be a very effective therapeutic drug to this disease.
To compare the performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) based on readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (RESOLVE) and single-shot EPI (SS-EPI) sequence in evaluating cervical cancer staging.61 patients with cervical cancer underwent DWI based on SS-EPI and RESOLVE. Two blinded readers independently assessed two sets of DW images for distinction of anatomical structures, delineation of lesion, susceptibility artefact and overall image quality on a 4-point scale. Geometric distortion was evaluated by measuring lesion anteroposterior (AP) length and left-right (LR) width derived from T2W images and those obtained from the corresponding DW images. Staging of cervical cancer on SS-EPI and RESOLVE were compared with T2WI and gold-standard of pathological findings.RESOLVE was significantly superior to SS-EPI for all four criteria regarding qualitative comparisons (all p < 0.05). Regarding the geometric distortion, AP length on SS-EPI was significantly different from that of T2WI (p < 0.05), whereas there were no significant differences between RESOLVE and T2WI (both p > 0.05). The staging of SS-EPI was overestimated, while RESOLVE had a better consistency with pathological staging than SS-EPI in staging of cervical cancer. There was no significant difference in apparent diffusion coefficient value between SS-EPI and RESOLVE (p < 0.05).RESOLVE is superior to SS-EPI in the accuracy of cervical cancer staging because of the improvement in image quality.RESOLVE has a more accurate value comparable to SS-EPI in cervical cancer staging, with the advantage of the improvement in image quality and reduced geometric distortion.
Objective To observe the curutive effect and mechanism of Tripterygium Hypoglaucum on treating non bacterial pustular dermatoses.Methods 35 cases were treated with Tripterygium Hypoglaucum decoction 30-50g/daily,3 times a day for 4 weeks,soaking affected part with the decoction,detecting the levels of serum TXB 2 and 6 keto PGF 1a in 8 cases of patients.Results The cure rate was 60%,and the total effective rate was 97.4%,there was a significant difference of levels of TXB 2 and 6 keto PGF 1a in patient's sera before and after treatment( P 0.01).Conclusion Tripterygium hypoglaucum is an effective medicine to treat non bacterial pustular dermatoses,part of anti inflammatcry mechanism depends on reducing the levels of TXB 2 and 6 keto PGF 1a .
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