"Response to: Prevalence of depressive symptoms among medical students taught using problem-based learning versus traditional methods." Medical Teacher, 40(10), p. 1082
Following successful completion of the Physician Associate (PA) National Examination, all qualified PAs must complete and log a minimum of fifty hours of continuous professional development (CPD) per annum via the Royal College of Physicians online CPD diary1. Categories of CPD include (i) clinical and (ii) non-clinical and can be derived from (i) internal, (ii) external, or (iii) personal sources. Internal credits can be obtained from events within an organisation e.g. journal clubs, grand rounds, or departmental teaching. A common theme that emerged informally within Aneurin Bevan University Health Board (ABUHB) was that 'internal' CPD sessions, specifically tailored to PAs, i.e. sessions that aligned with the PA Matrix Specification of Core Clinical Conditions2 were difficult to obtain. As a result of this feedback, ABUHB developed a bespoke PA-specific CPD teaching programme. Every Wednesday morning, an interactive 1-hour session for all PAs within ABUHB took place between 08:00 and 09:00 covering various topics specifically from the PA Matrix of Core Clinical Conditions. These sessions were supplemented by quarterly 4-hour CPD events which were listed as 'protected teaching time' supported by a robust PA-specific CPD Framework which was developed by David Taylor (PA-R; Professional Lead Physician Associate). Sessions were delivered by multiple healthcare professionals and were supplemented with certificates as evidence of attendance for portfolios. Speakers were also provided with standardised feedback forms from the education centres within the health board. From February 2023 to December 2023, 54 sessions were delivered to the PA ABUHB cohort. Due to the success of the programme, access to these sessions was expanded to GP PAs within the ABUHB geographic region via Microsoft Teams. Sessions were delivered in the Grange University Hospital education centre. A survey method was utilised to collect anonymous data from PAs within the ABUHB between December 2023 and January 2024. The total number of respondents to the survey was 23. 96% of PAs reported that the CPD Programme assisted them in obtaining their annual CPD points and 91% reported they feel their learning/clinical practice benefited from the programme. In conclusion, we have developed a novel CPD programme to ensure that PAs within the trust and surrounding GP clusters can easily achieve their annual 25 internal CPD points required to remain on the PAMVR. Moreover, the CPD panel have ensured that the teaching delivered is specific to the PA curriculum by mapping teaching specifically to the PA Matrix of Core Clinical Conditions. Our CPD programme has received positive feedback and ABUHB hopes to continue and expand the delivery of this programme in the future. The development of the PA CPD framework has supported the delivery of the quarterly events as protected teaching.
I maj 2009 slapptes den forsta betaversionen av Visual Studio Team System 2010. Den innehaller en rad intressanta nyheter och funktioner som kan underlatta utvecklingsarbetet och hoja den interna k ...
The factor that will influence American libraries most in the next decade is the computer. Another major influence on libraries is falling budgets relative to the cost of library materials. In the next ten years we should see a tremendous growth in automation, with online catalogs becoming much more numerous and successful. They will become the central databases for integrated library-wide systems used for acquisitions and circulation. Serials may be more difficult to integrate into these automated systems, however. The crying need for research libraries in the next decade-a national information network-is likely to be unfilled. Finally, the author expresses less than profound faith in his predictions.
There is widespread criticism of medicine which contrasts with its manifest success in biotechnology. Medicine's failure to convince stems partly from the fact that its successful biotechnology distracts it from the mundane task of responding appropriately to components of commonplace sicknesses which do not stem from disease (things) or illness (symptoms) but from predicaments. Predicaments are painful social situations or circumstances, complex, unstable, morally charged and varying in their import in time and place, which are readily discernible from a good history. Predicaments are distinguished from environmental agents by being an aspect of social organisation rather than structures. Dangerous and excruciating predicaments are described as well as the predicaments of being sick, and being in hospital. Child psychiatrists are often presented with problems where diagnosis of disease or illness in the child is inappropriate and resolution of its predicament alleviates the distress that had been presented in the language of sickness. The model is capable of broader application in psychiatry and medicine. Doctors should be more concerned to know about the context and background of their patients' sickness, as patients give this information very freely if asked. If patients' complaints are misunderstood then medical responses, made in good faith, may be seen as dangerous intrusions leading to a loss of trust, anger, and litigiousness.
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster And treat those two impostors just the same" (Kipling, "If', 1910)'On May 25th, 1886, Victor Horsley, then aged 29 years, another brilliant recent recruit to the burgeoning National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic in Queen Square, performed his first brain operation on a patient.2There was no tradition of neurological surgery, so there could be no apprenticeship, and although Macewen in Glasgow (1879),' Rickman Godlee in London ( 1884) and Durante in Italy ( 1884), had operated on the brain, their operations passed largely unnoticed.Horsley's facilities, in a converted day-room off a ward, were primitive but his personal preparation was extensive.He had already engaged upon a very large amount of experimental brain surgery on animals from which he derived experience which could be wedded to his extraordinary dexterity, technique, and an astounding knowledge of the kind of anaesthesia required.Horsley was also a man given to zealous crusades and one of his crusades was about antisepsis.His techniques of sealing the bone edge with antiseptic wax,4 and turning a comma-shaped flap instead of the old cruciform incision, both assisted in the control of infection.Moreover, his characteristic optimism was reinforced by remarkable luck.His first patient, James B, then aged 22 years, suffered epilepsy from the age of 15 following a severe head injury received in a road traffic accident at the age of seven.5At that age he had been in the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary with a depressed comminuted fracture.Debridement was performed but the wound suppurated and the brain herniated.His hemiplegia cleared after seven weeks.In 1886
Vaccine strain varicella zoster virus transmitted within a family from a child with shingles results in varicella meningitis in an immunocompetent adult
There are many theories that explain how adults learn and each has its own merits. This Guide explains and explores the more commonly used ones and how they can be used to enhance student and faculty learning. The Guide presents a model that combines many of the theories into a flow diagram which can be followed by anyone planning learning. The schema can be used at curriculum planning level, or at the level of individual learning. At each stage of the model, the Guide identifies the responsibilities of both learner and educator. The role of the institution is to ensure that the time and resources are available to allow effective learning to happen. The Guide is designed for those new to education, in the hope that it can unravel the difficulties in understanding and applying the common learning theories, whilst also creating opportunities for debate as to the best way they should be used.
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