Abstract The phenomenon of bank erosion and collapse is widely distributed in major rivers all over the world, and it is a kind of natural disaster with greater hazards. Bank erosion in seasonally frozen rivers (SFR) is subject to the coupling effects between hydrodynamic forces and freeze-thaw, and the mechanism is complex. Understanding of bank erosion mechanisms is of great significance for river bank protection and comprehensive river management. Taking the downstream near dam section of the Dadingzishan Navigation and Hydropower Project in the mainstream of the Songhua River as an example, the BSTEM model was used to analyze the degrees of riverbank stability in different periods considering the freeze-thaw effect. The results indicated that the degrees of riverbank stability are high during the periods of low water level and water-level rising before the flood season, and the slope toe scour is the main factor; and they are low during the periods of high water level and water-level recession with the continuous bank collapse occurring; The freezing and thawing effect has an important effect on the stability of river banks in the seasonal frozen region. so as to provide a certain reference for the study on the bank collapse of the river in seasonal freezing region and its simulation for the study of riverbank erosion in seasonally frozen rivers.
Gold and platinum nanocapacitors have been fabricated using a magnetron sputtering technique. TiO 2 is used as a dielectric material to separate the metal layers which act as the parallel plates for the capacitors. The thickness for metal films and TiO 2 layer is 80 nm and 400 nm, respectively. Capacitance of the nanocapacitors has been measured and dielectric constant of TiO 2 calculated. Both capacitance and dielectric constant are observed to have strong frequency dependence.
In view of rock burst accidents frequently occurring, a basic framework for an intelligent early warning system for rock bursts (IEWSRB) is constructed based on several big data technologies in the computer industry, including data mining, databases and data warehouses. Then, a data warehouse is modeled with regard to monitoring the data of rock bursts, and the effective application of data mining technology in this system is discussed in detail. Furthermore, we focus on the K-means clustering algorithm, and a data visualization interface based on the Browser/Server (B/S) mode is developed, which is mainly based on the Java language, supplemented by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), JavaScript and HyperText Markup Language (HTML), with Tomcat, as the server and Mysql as the JavaWeb project of the rock burst monitoring data warehouse. The application of data mining technology in IEWSRB can improve the existing rock burst monitoring system and enhance the prediction. It can also realize real-time queries and the analysis of monitoring data through browsers, which is very convenient. Hence, it can make important contributions to the safe and efficient production of coal mines and the sustainable development of the coal economy.
Solubilities of cinildipine in supercritical carbon dioxide was measured at T = (313, 323, and 333) K over the pressure range (12.0 to 36.0) MPa by a flow type apparatus. The solubility behavior of the solid shows an analogous trend with a crossover region of the isotherms in 15.0-18.0 MPa. The experimental solubility data are well correlated with semi-empirical density-based models including the Chrastil, Bartle, and MST models with the absolute average relative deviation (AARD) from (7.0 to 7.5)%, and the solubility data satisfy the self-consistency test according to the MST model.
Live fungi (zygo and asco) were cultivated and grown in an agar solution with a 2000 ppm concentration of from and a 20 ppm concentration of from . When the fungi were grown to a good amount, they were collected, dried, and burnt at for 2 h in air. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and optical spectroscopy experiments revealed that the product was nanophosphor with a size of 100–200 nm.
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