Due to the high temperature toughness and low thermal conductivity of 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V material, the rake face of the tool can easily wear out during the cutting process, which reduces the service life of the tool. In this paper, by analyzing the contact behavior, heat exchange conditions and tool wear mechanism during the cutting process, a 3 D finite element simulation model of tool wear in accordance with the actual cutting process is established. Combined with the cutting wear experiment, the validity of the model is verified. The influence of cutting speed, cutting depth, feed rate and the interaction between them on rake face wear was studied by designing a simulation scheme. The simulation results show that: With the increase of cutting speed and feed rate, the wear depth of the tool's rake face gradually increase, but for cutting depth, the depth of wear gradually decreases. The interaction of cutting speed and feed rate has a significant influence on the rake face wear, the interaction between cutting speed and feed rate, and the interaction between feed rate and cutting depth are not significant. The research results provide a theoretical basis for improving the service life of the tool and provide technical guidance for the selection of cutting parameters in the actual production.

Rake

Cutting tool

Service life

Rake angle

Cemented carbide

10.1080/10584587.2021.1911326

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Effects of Carbon and/or Alkaline Earth Elements on Grain Refinement and Tensile Strength of AZ31 Alloy

MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS (2008)

Jun Du Jian Yang Mamoru Kuwabara Wenfang Li Jihua Peng

The effects of carbon and/or alkaline earth elements Ca and Sr on the grain refinement and tensile properties of the AZ31 alloy have been investigated in the present study. A significant grain refining efficiency could be obtained for the AZ31 alloy modified by carbon inoculation and the grain refining efficiency could be further improved by the combination of 0.2 mass%C and alkaline earth elements of 0.2 mass%Ca or 0.2 mass%Sr. Compared to the AZ31 alloy without any treatment, the tensile properties of the AZ31 alloy were remarkably improved after being modified by the combination of carbon and a little addition of alkaline earth elements. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure were improved by about 20% and 40%, respectively. After being refined either by 0.2 mass%C or by the combination of 0.2 mass%C and a little addition of alkaline earth elements (0.2 mass%Ca or 0.2 mass%Sr), the main fracture mechanism was changed from cleavage mode with large cleavage planes for the unrefined AZ31 alloy to mixed mode of cleavage and quasi-cleavage fracture. The fracture surfaces were almost composed of small cleavage planes with thin river patterns and quasi-cleavage planes with small dimples and severe plastic deformation.

Cleavage (geology)

Alkaline earth metal

Elongation

Dimple

Carbon fibers

10.2320/matertrans.mra2008146

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Structure Evolutions and Precipitation Mechanism in Ultra-Fine Grained Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloy Fabricated by Melt Spinning and Hot Extrusion Processes

Shuoxun Jin Wenfang Li Bingbing Wan Kang Wang Lijuan Zhang

Grain refinement and artificial aging processes are essential strategies for strengthening and promoting the performance of the Al alloys. The melt spinning and hot extrusion processes are adopted in the present work, which can significantly refine the grains in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy and fabricate a useable rod efficiently. The parameters of the processes are optimized, the mechanical properties, microstructure evolution as well as precipitation mechanism of the grain refined sample have also been investigated. By increasing the extrusion temperature from 400 ˚C to 500 ˚C, the melt-spun chips can be better bonded, however, the average diameter of the grains grows from 1.35 μm to 2.25 μm under the circumstance. Thus, the optimized extrusion temperature is 450 ˚C, which makes the ultra-fine grained rod achieving the highest yield strength (151 MPa) and the best elongation (34.1%) simultaneously. Further, more strengthening phases precipitated on the grain boundaries in the ultra-fine grained sample during artificial aging, which could reduce the precipitation activation energy and facilitate the growth of the phases, resulting in higher density of the strengthening precipitates.

Melt spinning

10.2139/ssrn.4367795

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