Dry sliding friction and wear properties of Al2O3 and carbon short fibres reinforced Al–12Si alloy hybrid composites
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The slipperiness of the floor covering is the important subject concerned with the safety and the walking comfort. We have examined walking properties on the carpets with a force plate and a lower limb muscles electro-myography. In this paper, the slipperiness of carpets has been examined by measuring a coefficient of friction.Results are shown as follows: 1. The slipperiness is greatly influenced by the outsole materials of shoes. The slipperiness is dependent on a contact area and hardness of the outsole of shoes. The harder an outsole material, the more slippery on the carpets. 2. Wetted carpets are more difficult to slip than dried carpets. This is because a coefficient of friction might become highly due to an increased contact area caused by falling of wetted soft pile fibers. 3. The slipperiness of carpets is more influenced by a pile form than by a pile material. This is because the coefficient of friction is related to a compressibity of carpets and a contact area when compressed by the outsole of shoes. 4. There is a difference in slipperiness among directions of a carpet. The coefficient of friction become higher when shoes slip in the machine tufted direction than when shoes slip in width direction.
Coefficient of friction
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Dry friction
Coefficient of friction
Static friction
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This paper has discussed the friction,relation between friction coefficient and anti-slip coatings,composition of anti-slip coatings,application methods,application fields,and determination of friction coefficient,focusing on discussion of influencing factors on anti-slip effects and friction coefficient-increasing approaches.
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Dry friction
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A model was developed for determining the relation between friction coefficient among rubber trey with road surface and switch angle,according to the theery of tribology and physics.The necessary condition applied in the model was obtained and characteristics of friction coefficient and switch angle under varied gliding length were analyzed.The calculated and experimental results showed that the theory model is acute enough to provide quality evidence to develop relative friction coefficient measurement device and theory of friction further.
Coefficient of friction
Road surface
Static friction
Frictional coefficient
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The slipperiness of a floor covering is the important subject concerned with safety and walking comfort. We have examined walking proerties on carpets with a force plate and a lower limb muscles electro-myography. In this paper, the slipperiness of carpets has been examined by measuring a coefficient of friction.Results are obtained as follows :1. The slipperiness is greatly influenced by the outsole materials of shoes. The slipperiness is dependent on a contact area and hardness of the outsole of shoes. The harder an outsole material, the more slippery on carpets.2. Wetted carpets are more difficult to slip than dried carpets. This is because a coefficient of friction might become highly due to an increased contact area caused by falling of wetted soft pile fibers.3. The slipperines of carpets is More influenced by a pile form than by a pile material.This is because the coefficient of friction is related to a compressibity of carpets and a contact area when compressed by the outsole of shoes.4. There is a difference in slipperiness among directions of a carpet. The coefficient of friction become higher when shoes slip in the machine tufted direction than when shoes slip in the width direction.
Coefficient of friction
Frictional coefficient
Contact area
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Adding Mn and Mg in Al-5Fe(mass fraction, %) alloy has obvious effect on the morphology of the primary Al3Fe phase which is thick needle plate-like before adding alloyed elements. The addition of 2.5% Mn and 0.1% Mg(mass fraction) changes the primary Al3Fe phase from thick needle plate-like to fine needle-like, particle-like and flower-like; the additon of 2.5% Mn and 1.5% Mg forms particle-like and fringe-like (bifurcated), the forming mechanism of which was analysed. The mechanical property is raised after the addition of Mn and Mg: the tensile strength of Al-5Fe alloy is 107 MPa, Al-5Fe-2.5Mn-0.1Mg alloy 139 MPa and Al-5Fe-2.5Mn-1.5Mg alloy 122 MPa. The properties are increased by 29.9% and 14% respectively compared with that of Al-5Fe alloy.
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Morphology
Particle (ecology)
Fraction (chemistry)
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In order to investigate the effect of modification and melt treatment on the microstructures of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy,optical microscope( OM) and scanning electronic microscope( SEM) were used to observe the changes of the microstructures modified by Cu- 14%( mass fraction) P alloy,Al- 10%( mass fraction) RE alloy,and by melt treatment process,respectively. The results show that the melt treatment could not refine the primary Si,but partly eutectic Si grains were enclosed by primary Si grains in melt treatment hypereutectic Al-Si alloy. The primary Si was greatly refined by Cu- 14 wt. % P modification in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy,and the sharp corners of the primary Si was inactivated,and its size was finer. The Al- 10%( mass fraction) RE modification had a certain extent effect on the refinement primary Si and eutectic Si,but the refining effect on primary Si was less than Cu- 14( mass fraction) % P alloy of that,and on eutectic Si was better than it.
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Abstract The paper considers high-temperature tribological tests of carbon-containing materials during friction in a pair with steel 40X13 in the temperature range from +20 to +800 °C in atmospheric conditions. The research results showed that modification of the friction surface of the “Hardcarb-T” material in selenium and polytetrafluoroethylene vapors during friction against steel 40X13 improves the antifriction properties of the friction surface. The spread of values of the coefficient of friction of the material “Hardcarb-T”, treated in vapors of selenium and polytetrafluoroethylene, at a load of 0.5 MPa and a temperature of +500 °C in the speed range 0.05-0.25 m / s is 0.25 … 0.30 thirty. The coefficient of friction of the modified surface at a sliding speed of 0.05 m / s is 21% less than that of the untreated one.
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Coefficient of friction
Surface Modification
Atmospheric temperature range
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Using HIT-1 ball and disc sliding wear tester to finish the friction and wear tests of C / C composites coupled with GCr15 steel. The impact of time,load,velocity and working environment on friction coefficient of C /C composites have been analyzed. The relationship between wear properties with load and velocity has been obtained. Result showed that C / C composites have stable friction coefficient,friction coefficient reduced at the initial stage,and then tended towards stability in a short range. The friction coefficient performed differently with changeable load. Load equaled with 8 N,friction coefficient performed best with the changeable velocity. When velocity equaled with 0. 576 m / s,friction coefficient performed best with the changeable load. In different working condition,frictional behavior of C / C composites were different. Besides,with revolving speed and load increasing,the mass wear increases slowly.
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Frictional coefficient
Ball (mathematics)
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