Background. Breast cancer-related depression (BCRD) seriously inhibits the life quality of patients with breast cancer. The Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula is known to inhibit the progression of depression. However, the detailed function of the Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula in BCRD remains unclear. Methods. Network pharmacology was constructed to assess the downstream target of the Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula in BCRD. In addition, the tail suspension test, sucrose preference test, and forced swimming test were used to test the symptom of depression in mice. Fluoro-Jade B staining was performed to observe the structure of neurons. RT-qPCR and western blot were applied to evaluate mRNA and protein levels. Besides, ELISA was performed to test the inflammatory responses and the immune response-related cytokines. Results. Quercetin was identified as the key component of the Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula. Quercetin significantly inhibited BCRD-induced neuron pyroptosis via downregulation of PYD and card domain containing (ASC), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and caspase-1, and quercetin could reverse BCRD-caused inhibition of neuron viability. Quercetin significantly attenuated the symptom of BCRD in mice, and it could reverse the contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and neutrophil elastase (NE) in mice. Moreover, quercetin could promote the immune responses in xenograft mice via upregulation of interleukin- (IL-) 2, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and IL-10. Conclusion. Quercetin, the active ingredient of the Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula, effectively mitigated the progression of BCRD by inhibiting pyroptosis, promoting immune response, and improving serum metabolism.
Magnetic nanorobot swarms can mimic group behaviors in nature and can be flexibly controlled by programmable magnetic fields, thereby having great potential in various applications. This paper presents a novel approach for the rapid and large-scale processing of laser-induced graphene (LIG) @Fe3O4-based-nanorobot swarms utilizing one-step UV laser processing technology. The swarm is capable of forming a variety of reversible morphologies under the magnetic field, including vortex-like and strip-like, as well as the interconversion of these, demonstrating high levels of controllability and flexibility. Moreover, the maximum forward motion speed of the nanorobot swarm is up to 2165 μm/s, and the drug loading and release ability of such a nanorobot swarm is enhanced about 50 times due to the presence of graphene, enabling the nanorobot swarm to show rapid and precise targeted drug delivery. Importantly, by controllable morphology transformation to conform to the complicated requirements for the magnetic field, the drug-loaded swarm can smoothly pass through a width-varying zigzag channel while maintaining 96% of the initial drug-loading, demonstrating that LIG @Fe3O4 NPs-based nanorobot swarm can provide effective and controllable targeted drug delivery in complex passages.
Anodic polarisation curves of Mm(Ni3.6Co0.7Mn0.4Al0.3)x (Mm = mischmetal, 0.85 x 1.15) electrodes were measured under the conditions of various initial concentrations of absorbed hydrogen (H/M), potential sweeping rates (v), temperatures (T), and amounts of reducing agent (y = [NaBH4]) in alkaline solution. Anodic peak current (Ip) at the Mm(B5)x electrodes increased with an increase in T, x and y values. In addition, the Ip value depended linearly on initial hydrogen concentration and square root of potential sweeping rate, irrespective of T, x and y values. Furthermore, the activation energy for hydrogen diffusion decreased with an increase in x and y values. From these results, it is considered that the surface reduction treatment of the Mm(B5)x alloys, performed in alkaline solution with sodium borohydride, the nonstoichiometry and the initial concentration of absorbed hydrogen, are important factors for improving the charge-discharge performance of negative electrodes for metal-hydrogen energy systems.
Long-term solid oxide electrolysis operation (SOEC) testing was performed to study the performance and performance degradation of LSCF-SDC/YSZ/Ni-YSZ cells under temperatures of 750 o C, 800 o C, and 850 o C, current density of 0.5A/cm 2 and 1.0A/cm 2 , and H 2 /H 2 O ratio of 1:1, 1:3, and 2:1. Operational temperature, current density, and H 2 /H 2 O ratio played important roles in the cells’ performance and performance degradation. These factors were correlated and should be balanced and/or optimized to maximize overall lifetime performance. LSCF-SDC cells showed better performance and less performance degradation under higher temperature. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data showed polarization resistance was significantly lower for the cell operated at higher temperature. Therefore, SOEC operation may need relatively higher temperature to be activated. Long-term SOEC testing under different current density showed better performance and less performance degradation at 0.5A/cm 2 , 850 o C, and 1:1 of H 2 /H 2 O ratio. H 2 /H 2 O ratio in the functional layer of the cell also played an important role. The cell showed best performance and less performance degradation under 1:1 of H 2 /H 2 O ratio. EIS data showed the polarization resistance was significantly lower under 1:1 of H 2 /H 2 O ratio. H 2 /H 2 O ratio needs to be optimized for different operational temperature and current density. Overdosed steam may react with Ni causing Ni movement in the H 2 electrode, adding to cell degradation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies identified the formation of the (CoFe)O x along the SDC grain boundaries, which could impact both the SDC conductivity and the LSCF catalytic activity due to the loss of the transition metals in the LSCF. TEM analysis of the H 2 electrode identified a large number of NiO clusters relocated into the original pore region, seemingly formed during Ni migration. This NiO formation in the H 2 electrode during SOEC operation is another cause of long-term performance degradation.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)