In this paper, a self-compensating 6 thin-film transistor (TFT) pixel circuit with special layout considerations has been proposed to mitigate the impact of the electrical instability of hydrogenated amorphous silicon TFTs as well as applied mechanical strain. The proposed pixel circuit has been fabricated onto flexible polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrate and the measurement results demonstrated less than ±3% variation of its output current after an accelerated 24-h stress test under flat, tensile strain, and compressive strain conditions. In addition, the proposed pixel circuit only required a pair of signals to operate, which reduced the complexity on external IC drivers.
Thin-film transistor (TFT) technologies often have only n-type conductivity, and therefore, the realization of CMOS-like logic gates becomes a challenge. Conventional approaches to realize logic gates in such technologies result in limited swing and excessive direct-path current. In this article, we propose logic gates that mitigate these problems. As a proof of concept, a three-to-eight decoder and a column of pixel circuits with n-type only a-Si:H TFTs have been fabricated on flexible plastic substrates. Simulation and measurement results demonstrate that the decoder maintains unity stage-to-stage gain, while its static leakage current is reduced by 85% compared with the conventional implementation. The layout area is reduced by 20% compared with prior implementations. In addition, the circuit performance under applied mechanical strain was also consistent with the theory.
By applying pressures up to 42 GPa on the nitrogen-doped lutetium hydride (LuH$_{2\pm\text{x}}$N$_y$), we have found a gradual change of color from dark-blue to pink-violet in the pressure region of about 12 GPa to 21 GPa. The temperature dependence of resistivity under pressures up to 50.5 GPa shows progressively optimized metallic behavior with pressure. Interestingly, in the pressure region for the color change, a clear decrease of resistivity is observed with the increase of pressure, which is accompanied by a clear increase of the residual resistivity ratio (RRR). Fitting to the low temperature resistivity gives exponents of about 2, suggesting a Fermi liquid behavior in low temperature region. The general behavior in wide temperature region suggests that the electron-phonon scattering is still the dominant one. The magnetoresistance up to 9 tesla in the state under a pressure of 50.5 GPa shows an almost negligible effect, which suggests that the electric conduction in the pink-violet state is dominated by a single band. It is highly desired to have theoretical efforts in understanding the evolution of color and resistivity in this interesting system.
Abstract A group of novel thieno‐[3,4‐ b ]‐pyrazine‐cored molecules containing polyphenyl dendrons with or without arylamino or carbazolyl surface groups ( DTP , N‐DTP and C‐DTP ) are synthesized and investigated. They are characterized by extra large Stokes shifts of over 250 nm. In addition, to provide the site‐isolation effect on the planar emissive core, the bulky dendrons enable these molecules to be solution processible. The peripheral carbazolyl or arylamino units facilitate the hole transporting ability in the neat films of these molecules. These dendritic materials are used as a non‐doped emitting layer to fabricate organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) using a spin coating technique and saturated red emission is obtained. The dendritic molecules with arylamino or carbazolyl surface groups ( N‐DTP and C‐DTP ) exhibit a brightness of 1020 cd m −2 and a luminous efficiency of 0.6 cd A −1 , both higher than the dendritic analog without the surface functional groups ( DTP ), even superior to the small molecular reference compound which fails to transmit pure red emission under identical conditions. This performance is also comparable with that from vacuum deposited thieno‐[3,4‐ b ]‐pyrazine‐based counterparts and that for some other solution processible red fluorescent dendrimers. This is the first example of solution processible thieno‐[3,4‐ b ]‐pyrazine derivatives for OLED applications. magnified image
In this paper, the architecture of a digital polar transmitter system for cellular multi-mode handset is presented with hardware implementation emphasis on 2/2.5G systems (GSM/EDGE). The most prominent feature of this architecture is it's ability to employ a highly nonlinear PA, this highly efficient. This is accomplished via our novel real-time nonlinear closed-loop predictive calibration for correcting the PA's nonlinearity. In addition, our architecture makes it possible to eliminate or minimize the need for extensive factory calibration since our predictive realtime auto-calibration scheme does not require much prior knowledge of the system characteristics.
A hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistor with an engineered charge-trapping interface between the gate dielectric and the channel layer is fabricated to realize non-volatile memory. The memory devices possessed a large memory window and good endurance with an estimated 5-year lifetime. The charge retention lifetime under persistent read bias conditions was found to be ~50% less compared to floating conditions. Measured results indicate the importance of continuous read cycles for estimating the device lifetime and the need for a larger memory window to extend memory operation lifetime.
In order to study completely the atomization characteristics of mixing cavity of the designed new type tripropellant injectors, model injectors are designed for experiments under multiple operating conditions. Through experiments it can be seen that different curves of regularity for variations of SMD along with pressure drop of gas as well as mass ratio of gas to liquid ALR will be gain if the pressure drop of liquid remains constant while transform the pressure drop of gas. So do the other case only transforming the pressure drop of liquid. Moreover, these curves show the regularities. A great deal of experiments indicate the curves of average diameters SMD along with mass ration of gas to liquid ALR have the same trends although obvious differences exist between curves that SMD along with pressure drop.
The principle and character of site bus CAN is presented in this paper. It proposes a design and innovation scheme for newly built and innovated substations based on the CAN bus technique. The scheme is in layered and distributive structure and is of module for functions. The CAN node can close its output automatically in case of serious fault without effecting any other equipment's operation. This brings the system a high reliability, high speed communication, powerful anti-interference capability and flexible configuration. The systems in this technique are running in many substations.
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