‘Jincuilei’ is a mutant selected from Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz. It produces abundant flowers that never open with a chlorogenic acid (CGA) content up to 6.0%. Propagation through rooting or grafting has only a 30% survival rate. This study was undertaken to establish an efficient protocol for rapidly regenerating this mutant. Leaf explants were inoculated on Gamborg's B 5 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 2,4-dichlorophenozyacetic acid (2,4-D). The optimal combination for callus induction was 4.4 μ m BA with 2.26 μ m 2,4-D, which resulted in 86.7% of leaf explants producing calluses in 4 weeks. Calluses produced from this optimal medium were cultured on B 5 medium containing different concentrations of kinetin (KT) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The best formulation for shoot induction was B 5 medium containing 0.9 μ m KT and 5.4 μ m NAA in which 73.4% of cultured calluses produced shoots in 8 weeks, and shoot numbers ranged from three to six per callus piece (1 cm 3 ). Adventitious shoots were cut and rooted in half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 14.8 μ m 3-indolebutyric acid. Roots initiated 10 d after culture, and rooting percentages ranged from 98% to 100%. Plantlets grown in a container substrate in a shaded greenhouse had over a 95% survival rate. During the last 6 years, over four million plantlets were regenerated using this established procedure, and there was no somaclonal variation. Fresh and dry weights of 1000 flowers, CGA contents, and dry flower yields of the regenerated plants were not significantly different from those of the stock ‘Jincuilei’ propagated by cutting, indicating that plants regenerated from this established procedure were stable. This established in vitro culture method has led to rapid commercial production of this medicinal plant on more than 1500 ha of production field.
Abstract Background Genetic research on longevity has provided important insights into the mechanism of aging and aging-related diseases. Pinpointing import genetic variants associated with aging could provide insights for aging research. Methods We performed a whole-genome sequencing in 19 centenarians to establish the genetic basis of human longevity. Results Using SKAT analysis, we found 41 significantly correlated genes in centenarians as compared to control genomes. Pathway enrichment analysis of these genes showed that immune-related pathways were enriched, suggesting that immune pathways might be critically involved in aging. HLA typing was next performed based on the whole-genome sequencing data obtained. We discovered that several HLA subtypes were significantly overrepresented. Conclusions Our study indicated a new mechanism of longevity, suggesting potential genetic variants for further study.
The BRS1 (BRI1 Suppressor 1) gene encodes a serine carboxypeptidase that plays a critical role in the brassinosteroid signaling pathway. However, its specific biological function remains unclear. In this study, the developmental role of BRS1 was investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that overexpressing BRS1 resulted in significantly more lateral roots in different Arabidopsis ecotypes (WS2 and Col-0) and in brassinosteroid mutants (bri1-5 and det2-28). Further research showed that BRS1 facilitates the process whereby lateral root primordia break through the endodermis, cortex, and epidermis. Consistent with this, BRS1 was found to be highly expressed in the root endodermis and accumulated in the extracellular space around the dome of the lateral root primordia. Taken together, these results highlight the role of BRS1 in the process of lateral root emergence and provide new insight into the role of serine carboxypeptidases in plant root development.
Accurate identification of deer-derived components is significant in food and drug authenticity. Over the years, several methods have been developed to authenticate these products; however, identifying whether female deer products are hybrids is challenging. In this study, the zinc finger protein X-linked (ZFX) gene sequences of sika deer (Cervus nippon), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and their hybrid offspring were amplified and sequenced, the X221 and X428 species-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) loci were verified, and a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system (T-ARMS-PCR) assay was developed to identify the parent-of-origin of female sika deer, red deer, and their hybrid deer. The T-ARMS-PCR developed based on the X221 locus could identify sika deer, red deer, and their hybrid offspring according to the presence or absence of PCR product sizes of 486 bp, 352 bp, and 179 bp, respectively, just as X428 locus could identify sika deer, red deer, and their hybrid offspring according to the presence or absence of PCR product sizes of 549 bp, 213 bp, and 383 bp, respectively. Forty products labeled deer-derived ingredients randomly purchased were tested using this assay, and the results showed that the identification results based on the two SNP loci were utterly consistent with the actual sources. In addition, this method was found to be accurate, simple, convenient, and with high specificity, thus providing an essential technical reference for deer product species identification. It is also an important supplement to the identification methods of the original ingredients of existing deer products.
We reveal the relationship between progesterone level in follicular fluid and oocyte quality based on sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH™), a powerful high-resolution mass spectrometric data independent acquisition technique.Follicular fluid samples were collected from 22 subjects (the level of progesterone > 1.5 ng/mL) of progesterone group, as well as from 22 subjects (the level of progesterone < 1.5 ng/mL) of control group, and analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF. All methods were performed in accordance with ISO 9001:2008. Novel SWATH acquisition mode on an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (with resolving power 20,000-40,000) was investigated for the analysis of human follicular fluid. The principal component variable grouping detects intersample variable correlation and groups variables with similar profiles which simplifies interpretation and highlights related ions and fragments. It can also extract product ion spectra from the data collected by fragmenting a wide precursor ion window.Follicular fluid from the two groups differed with respect to five metabolites. Follicular fluid from the progesterone group contained elevated levels of 8-hydroxyguanosine and 4-hydroxynonenal and reduced levels of ATP, estradiol, and L-carnitine. The increased progesterone level on the day of HCG injection could negatively impact oocyte quality, thus reducing the pregnancy rate of IVF patients.
The three new cultivars L.macranthoides golden-green,L.macranthoides silver-green,and L.macranthoides cloudy were selected breeding form the clones were tested over several years and they have good characters including tidy flower bud,high quality and high yield.The dry flower yield was 173.4～265.2?kg?/666.7?m~2 in the third year after establishing.The content of chlorogenic acid was 5.83%～6.97% and had strong resistance and adaptation.The L.macranthoides golden-green and silver-green had a flowering period and the corolla didn't break; L.macranthoides cloudy′s corolla exhibited an half break and strong resistance to powdery mildew.
The DNA of 48 sweet corn inbred lines was determined by 40 SSR markers to study allelic variation of these SSR marker sloci and the relationship between 48 tested sweet corn inbred lines.A total of 86 polymorphic bands were detected and 1～4 alleles for each primer,averaging with 2.15 alleles per primer.The mean content of polymorphic information was 0.49,ranging from 0.04 to 0.80.The 48 sweet corn inbred lines were devided into 3 groups,which was similar to the germplasmic source.
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