The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of mandibular and chin morphology in adults with skeletal Class III malocclusion in different vertical skeletal types, and to find the relationship among them.The pretreatment lateral cephalographs of 60 adults (30 males, 30 females, with an average age of 21±3.020 years) with skeletal Class III malocclusion[ANB<0° average (-3.927±2.7637)°] were selected randomly. They were divided into three groups according to mandibular plane angle: high angle group(20 cases,FH/MP<32°, average angle group(20 cases, 22°
Although much imaging research has focused on the localization and management of the impacted canines, optimal biomechanics for successful recovery are not clear. The purpose of this research was to delineate the three-dimensional (3D) effects of a single force applied using a Kilroy spring on a palatally impacted maxillary canine positioned at different angulations (5 to 40 degrees) with respect to the line of force application.A dentoform cast was modified to simulate a palatally impacted canine. Load cells placed in the dentoform simultaneously measured the three forces (Fx, Fy, and Fz) and three moments (Mx, My, and Mz) on the canine. The activation range and force system attenuation were measured for eight different positions of a palatally impacted canine (5 to 40 degrees) as the canine moves toward the occlusal plane. The results were analyzed statistically.The minimum activation range for the Kilroy spring was 11 mm, and the maximum was 14 mm. At all the different impacted canine positions, the Kilroy spring had a low load deflection rate and did not require reactivation for the successful management of a palatally impacted maxillary canine.A 3D force system at different bracket angulations (ie, different positions of the impacted maxillary canine) can be successfully quantified using the orthodontic force transducer. Quantification of the force system provides critical information for appropriate selection of an optimal appliance.
On a charity mission we discovered a 44 month-old Tibetan girl who was blind due to dense bilateral congenital cataracts. We report here the results of video-recorded experiments on the child immediately after post cataract surgery eye patch removal: looking and reaching/ grasping responses during the first hour and crossmodal object recognition during the next 5 days. These tasks all involve different aspects of linking visual and tactile sensory information together. At first sight, she looks aimlessly around, at 5 min she discovers her hand, next she starts looking at objects in front of her, at 12 minutes she starts reaching and grasping for objects and by 24 minutes she does this with good accuracy. She has continuously recalibrated her movements using sensory feedback signals until she could accurately reach for and grasp objects. The next day we tested object recognition with single vs a triple length LEGO blocks. First, a block was placed in her hand for her to see and feel simultaneously. Then in a paired comparison she chose by vision alone the correct LEGO almost perfectly. If she only saw a LEGO and then chose by sight or touched a LEGO and then chose by either touch or sight alone, she performed at chance. On the following day she recognized the correct LEGO in all three procedures. With a more difficult comparison (double vs triple LEGO) she was above chance (90%) with sight-to-sight but at chance with the other two comparisons. On day 5, she performed perfectly on sight-to-sight and the intermodal touch-to-sight with touch-to-touch still at chance. Recognition performance was the same when comparing a cube vs same size cylinder. These data indicate that the visual system is preprogrammed to quickly learn to visually recognize objects even if they were only touched initially. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2017
The goal of the DOE’s Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) program is twofold: first, to help US manufacturing competitiveness by providing assessments and recommendations for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on energy efficiency, productivity, sustainability and competitiveness – including measuring the impacts of these recommendations on reducing greenhouse gas emissions; and second, to address a growing shortage of engineering professionals with applied energy and manufacturing-related skills by training a diverse cross-section of engineering students through hands-on involvement in these assessments. IUPUI has an IAC, which was established in 2011, in the Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, IUPUI. The IAC has won the awards twice. We have built the center that has the expertise and infrastructure for quality energy assessments to manufactures and commercial building owners and aligned our current research and teaching activities to the DOE’ training mission with programs to train the next generation of industrial energy efficiency experts, with theory and hands-on experience in conducting energy assessment for small and median manufacturing enterprises. We have made recommendations that have the potential to save about $20M annually. We also initiated research projects to meet DOE priorities, specifically in the areas of smart manufacturing and cybersecurity. On the energy assessment side, the Center has provided energy assessments to 144 qualified companies, primarily located in Indiana. On the training side, the center has trained students in various programs, such as the department’s Bachelor of Science (BS) programs in Mechanical Engineering (ME) and BS in Energy Engineering (EEN), both are ABET accredited engineering programs, as well as a graduate level Energy Management and Assessment certificate program. At the present, the center has trained 95 students, 43 or them received the DOE issued certificates. Research projects were developed within the center to advance energy efficiency related technologies, which provided excellent opportunities for our trainees. The center has also been building a professional network with utilities, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), government agencies, and manufacturing companies, to increase our client base and promote collaborations. The center received the 2019 Center of Excellence of the Year Award and three students received the “Outstanding Achievement in Energy Engineering by an IAC Student” awards in the past five years.
Abstract Objective: To demonstrate the three-dimensional (3D) orthodontic force systems of three commercial closing T-loop archwires using a new method and to quantify the force systems of the T-lo...
Three dimensional (3D) forces are the key factors for determining movement of teeth during orthodontic treatment. Designing precise forces and torques on tooth before treatment can result accurate tooth movements, but it is too difficult to realize.
The mistuning of periodic structure was generally considered to be natural parameter mistuning, such as stiffness mistuning, damping mistuning and mass mistuning. However, in engineering practice, there was another kind of mistuning—force mistuning. Based on a typical concentrated parameter model of periodic structure, the vibration characteristics, such as natural characteristic, vibration mode and vibration localization of periodic structure with different mistuning forms, were compared and analyzed. The results show that, as a new mistuning form, force mistuning won’t bring mode localization, while it could lead to vibration response localization. The results are very important for periodic structure design and manufacture.
BACKGROUND: Orthodontic force is often statically measured in general, and only the initial force derived from appliances can be assessed. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate a technological method for measuring dynamic force using tooth movement simulation. METHODS: Tooth movement was simulated in a softened wax model. A canine tooth was selected for evaluation and divided into the crown and root. A force transducer was plugged in and fixed between the two parts for measuring force. Forces on this tooth were derived by ordinary nickel–titanium (Ni–Ti) wire, hyperelastic Ni–Ti wire, low-hysteresis (LH) Ti–Ni wire and self-made glass fibre-reinforced shape memory polyurethane (GFRSMPU) wire. These forces were measured after the tooth movement. RESULTS: The canine tooth moved to the desired location, and only a 0.2 mm deviation remained. The changing trends and magnitudes of forces produced by the wires were consistent with the data reported by other studies. The tooth had a higher moving velocity with ordinary Ni–Ti wires in comparison to the other wires. Force attenuation for the GFRSMPU wire was the lowest (40.17%) at the end of the test, indicating that it provided light but continuous force. CONCLUSIONS: Mimicked tooth movements and dynamic force measurements were successfully determined in tooth movement simulation. These findings could help with estimating treatment effects and optimising the treatment plan.
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