Abstract Study design Bibliometric analysis. Objective To analyze literature on inflammatory expression following spinal cord injury, highlighting development trends, current research status, and potential emerging frontiers. Setting Not applicable. Methods Articles were retrieved using terms related to spinal cord injury and inflammatory responses from the Web of Science Core Collection, covering January 1, 1980, to May 23, 2024. Tools like CiteSpace and VOSviewer assessed the research landscape, evaluating core authors, journals, and contributing countries. Keyword co-occurrence analyses identified research trends. Results A total of 2504 articles were retrieved, showing a consistent increase in publications. The Journal of Neurotrauma had the highest publication volume and influence. The most prolific author was Cuzzocrea S, with Popovich PG having the highest H-index. China led in the number of publications, followed closely by the United States, which had the highest impact and extensive international collaboration. Research mainly focused on nerve function recovery, glial scar formation, and oxidative stress. Future research is expected to investigate cellular autophagy, vesicular transport, and related signaling pathways. Conclusion The growing interest in inflammation caused by spinal cord injury is evident, with current research focusing on oxidative stress, glial scar, and neurological recovery. Future directions include exploring autophagy and extracellular vesicles for new therapies. Interdisciplinary research and extensive clinical trials are essential for validating new treatments. Biomarker discovery is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring, while understanding autophagy and signaling pathways is vital for drug development. Global cooperation is needed to accelerate the application of scientific findings, improving spinal cord injury treatment.
In recent years, the short video industry has developed rapidly in China. With the help of the Internet, which has great communication advantages, the short dance video, with its rich forms of expression, has made traditional dance art quickly show the characteristics of popularity and diversification, accounting for an important proportion in the short video market. This study explored the content elements that affect video popularity and their impact effects, and thus analyzed the aesthetic preferences of user groups for online entertainment short video works. This research uses content analysis, and stratified random sampling that was conducted for the dance works in the dance section of BilliBilli Video Ballscreen Network within a day. We took video content and likes, forwarding, coin dropping, collection and comments as the research objects. The music style, creation type, duration, background, and the number of dancers are encoded in six dimensions to conduct content analysis, define the popularity index, and analyze its influencing factors.
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by the deficiency of estrogen, which breaks bone homeostasis and induces levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Muscone is a potent anti-inflammatory agent and is used to treat bone fracture in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its anti-osteoclastogenic effects remain unclear. For in vitro study, morphology tests of osteoclastogenesis were firstly performed. And then, factors in RANK-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot, and the binding of TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF)6 to RANK was inspected by coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining. For in vivo experiments, C57BL/6 ovariectomized (OVX) mice were used for detection, including H&E staining, TRAP staining, and micro CT. As a result, muscone reduced OVX-induced bone loss in mice and osteoclast differentiation in vitro, by inhibiting TRAF6 binding to RANK, and then suppressed NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. The expression of the downstream biomarkers was finally inhibited, including NFATc1, CTR, TRAP, cathepsin K, and MMP-9. The inflammatory factors, TNF-a and IL-6, were also reduced by muscone. Taken together, muscone inhibited the binding of TRAF6 to RANK induced by RANKL, thus blocking NF-kB and MAPK pathways, and down-regulating related gene expression. Finally, muscone inhibited osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function by blocking RANK-TRAF6 binding, as well as downstream signaling pathways in vitro. Muscone also reduced ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo.
<div>Abstract<p>Antitumor T lymphocytes play a pivotal role in immunosurveillance of malignancy. The CTL antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a vital negative regulator of T-cell activation and proliferation. This study examined whether genetic polymorphisms in <i>CTLA-4</i> are associated with cancer susceptibility. A two-stage investigation using haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphism approach and multiple independent case-control analyses was performed to assess the association between <i>CTLA-4</i> genotypes and cancer risk. Functional relevance of the polymorphisms was examined by biochemical assays. We found that the 49G>A polymorphism in the <i>CTLA-4</i> leading sequence causing <sup>17</sup>Ala to <sup>17</sup>Thr amino acid substitution is associated with increased susceptibility to multiple cancers, including lung, breast, esophagus, and gastric cardia cancers. Genotyping in 5,832 individuals with cancer and 5,831 control subjects in northern and southern Chinese populations showed that the <i>CTLA-4</i> 49AA genotype had an odds ratio of 1.72 (95% confidence interval, 1.50−2.10; <i>P</i> = 3.4 × 10<sup>−7</sup>) for developing cancer compared with the 49GG genotype. Biochemical analyses showed that CTLA-4−<sup>17</sup>Thr had higher capability to bind B7.1 and stronger inhibitory effect on T-cell activation compared with CTLA-4−<sup>17</sup>Ala. T cells carrying the 49AA genotype had significantly lower activation and proliferation rates compared with T cells carrying the 49GG genotype upon stimulation. These results are consistent with our hypothesis and indicate that genetic polymorphisms influencing T-cell activation modify cancer susceptibility. [Cancer Res 2008;68(17):7025–34]</p></div>
AbstractStudy Design: Retrospective case‒control study. Purpose: To compare minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and Traditional open TLIF in the treatment of two segments lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods:Patients who underwent two-level MIS-TLIF (n = 222) and traditional open TLIF (n = 214) for lumbar degenerative disease. Demographic characteristics, surgical information, and perioperative complications were compared between the MIS-TLIF and Open TLIF groups. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) were administered for clinical evaluations. Results: Patients who underwent MIS-TLIF had a significantly lower volume of blood loss (176.2 ± 30.4mL vs 396.4 ± 59.7mL), lower postoperative drainage (102.6 ± 22.6 mL vs 164.4 ± 26.9mL), shorter bed rest time (3.3 d vs 4.7 d), longer operative time (201.4 ± 17.6 min vs 147.7 ± 16.0 min), and the higher fluoroscopy time (45.3 ± 6.3 seconds vs. 14.0 ± 2.3 seconds) than those who underwent Open TLIF. Significant clinical improvement was observed in terms of scores on the VAS, ODI, and SF-36 when comparing the preoperativeevaluation and the final follow-up. Postoperatively, both MIS-TLIF and open TLIF groups showed significant improvement in VAS, ODI, and SF-36 scores from 3 months to 2 years. VAS, ODI, and SF-36 scores were not different between MIS-TLIF and open TLIF groups after one year follow up. No significantly difference was found when comparing the complication rate between MI-TLIF and open TLIF groups. Conclusions:Both MIS-TLIF and Open TLIF were effective approaches for the treatment of two-level lumbar degenerative diseases. Although MIS-TLIF procedure can improve health-related quality of life for patients better than open procedure after operation, there is no significant difference in this advantage after one year operation. We decided to choose MIS-TLIF or open TLIF procedure according to the physical condition of patients and surgeons’clinical experiences.
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effect of saline perfusion before catheter removal in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with GreenLight laser photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP). Materials and Methods: Patients (n=200) with BPH treated with PVP were divided into perfusion (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. For the perfusion group, saline (200 mLor the maximum capacity tolerated) was irrigated into the bladder after standardized external urethral disinfection, and the catheter was removed. Catheter removal was routinely performed in the control group. Perioperative adverse events and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: Patients in the perfusion group exhibited a shorter waiting time [3 (0–4) vs. 15 (8.75–26) min; P < 0.001] and better satisfaction grade [24 (21.75–26) vs. 23 (20–25); P =0.016] of first urination than those in the control group. The perfusion group exhibited lower anxiety levels regarding first urination than the control group [1 (1–2) vs. 1.5 (1–2), respectively; P =0.012]. Urinalysis revealed that the perfusion group had significantly lower white blood cell (WBC) count than the control group on the day [25.5(8–37.75) vs. 43.5(24.0–64.75); P<0.001] and 2 weeks [20.5(11–27) vs 31.0(20–42); P <0.001] after catheter removal. No significant differences in treatment-related adverse events were observed [(perfusion (n=15), control (n=20)]. Conclusion: Saline perfusion before catheter removal in patients with BPH treated with PVP could shorten the waiting time for first urination, improve patient anxiety and satisfaction, and reduce postoperative urinary WBC levels.
Cinnamaldehyde-tannic acid-zinc acetate nanoparticles (CTZA NPs) assembled from edible medicinal plant extracts were successfully incorporated into chitosan films. FTIR spectroscopy analysis indicated that there were strong electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions between the chitosan and CTZA NPs in the film matrix, which led to an increase in the tensile strength of the films by around 525%. Incorporation of 0.6% or 0.8% CTZA NPs led to films that could undergo appreciable stretching in water without breaking which was attributed to the high hydrophobicity of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, the incorporation of the CTZA NPs enhanced the UV adsorption, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of the films, while reducing their water vapor permeability. Moreover, it was possible to print inks onto the films because the presence of the hydrophobic CTZA NPs facilitated the deposition of carbon powder onto their surfaces. The films produced in this study may therefore be useful for commercial applications.
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