Bibliometric analysis of the inflammation expression after spinal cord injury: current research status and emerging frontiers
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Abstract Study design Bibliometric analysis. Objective To analyze literature on inflammatory expression following spinal cord injury, highlighting development trends, current research status, and potential emerging frontiers. Setting Not applicable. Methods Articles were retrieved using terms related to spinal cord injury and inflammatory responses from the Web of Science Core Collection, covering January 1, 1980, to May 23, 2024. Tools like CiteSpace and VOSviewer assessed the research landscape, evaluating core authors, journals, and contributing countries. Keyword co-occurrence analyses identified research trends. Results A total of 2504 articles were retrieved, showing a consistent increase in publications. The Journal of Neurotrauma had the highest publication volume and influence. The most prolific author was Cuzzocrea S, with Popovich PG having the highest H-index. China led in the number of publications, followed closely by the United States, which had the highest impact and extensive international collaboration. Research mainly focused on nerve function recovery, glial scar formation, and oxidative stress. Future research is expected to investigate cellular autophagy, vesicular transport, and related signaling pathways. Conclusion The growing interest in inflammation caused by spinal cord injury is evident, with current research focusing on oxidative stress, glial scar, and neurological recovery. Future directions include exploring autophagy and extracellular vesicles for new therapies. Interdisciplinary research and extensive clinical trials are essential for validating new treatments. Biomarker discovery is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring, while understanding autophagy and signaling pathways is vital for drug development. Global cooperation is needed to accelerate the application of scientific findings, improving spinal cord injury treatment.Cite
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Seperti pada dewasa, teknik regional anestesi pada pediatrik kini makin popular digunakan oleh ahli anestesikarena keuntungannya. Namun demikian selalu ada risiko dan kemungkinan timbulnya komplikasi dari setiap tindakan yang dilakukan, termasuk tindakan anestesi regional pada pediatrik. Insidensi komplikasi anestesi regional pada pediatrik tidak banyak, dan kalaupun terjadi komplikasi adalah minor. Komplikasi bisa diakibatkan dari identifikasi ruang saraf, alat, obat, teknis tindakan anestesi regionalnya dan komplikasi lainnya.Walaupun tidak banyak kejadian komplikasi regional anestesi yang dilaporkan pada pediatrik, dan bukanlah komplikasi yang fatal, teknik regional anestesi pada pediatrik harus dilakukan dengan lebih hatihati, pertimbangan risiko dan keuntungannya untuk menghindari terjadinya komplikasi, terlebih karena kebanyakan komplikasi dapat dihindari dengan mempelajari teknik yang benar, menggunakan peralatan yang sesuai, dan sangat menerapkan prinsip keamanan pada pasien dengan baik.
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Genentech is partnering with the German cancer company Affimed to develop immunotherapies for multiple kinds of solid and blood cancers. Affimed is developing therapies that engage natural killer cells of the innate immune system to help direct them to attack cancer cells. Genentech will pay Affimed $96 million up front and up to $5 billion more in potential payments.
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Objective:Investigate the mechanism of blood spinal cord barrier disruption after spinal cord injury.Method:Thirty five male adult Wistar rats(300～350g) were randomly assigned to this study,there were one control group and six spinal cord injury groups(acording to the time of post injury,4h,6h,12h,24h,48h and 72h).Each group contained 5 rats and New York University (NYU) Spinal Cord Injury Model was utilized to create the spinal cord injury.The immunoexpressior changes of immunglobularprotein G(IgG),c fragment of complement3 (C3c) in different time after spinal cord injury were evaluated utilizing immunohistochemistry method.Result:After spinal cord injury, there was a marked chang in the immunoexpressior of IgG and C3c in the impact site, near the impact site and spinal cord microvascular.Conclusion:After spinal cord injury,IgG and C3c may be important factors of barrier disruption and related to neuron secondary injury.
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Objective To investigate the expression changes of CD44 in spinal cord in 3d,7d and 14d following hemisection of spinal cord injury(hSCI).Furthermore,to explore the relationships of CD44 and spinal cord injury.Besides,to offer the morphological datum for the research concerning the spinal cord repair.Methods 20 adult healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated control group and day3,day7,day14 spinal cord injury groups.The spinal cords were hemisected between T9 and T10.The spinal cord of every rat was taken out from the rostral and caudal segments of lesioned areas.Then the tissue blocks were made into 25μm frozen sections and the immunohistochemistry ABC method was performed on these sections.We respectively observe and count the number of CD44 positive cells in spinal cord for all groups,and the average OD(optical density) value of immunoreactant were detected with computer image analysis technique.Results CD44 positive products were mainly distributed in extacellular matrix and neurons and neuroglial cells in spinal cord for the control group.The number of CD44 positive cells and its OD value of rostral or caudal part of injury site for the three spinal cord injury groups were all increased(P0.05).Conclusion The increased-expression CD44 may mutually play inhibitory effect on axon regeneration following SCI.
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Although approximately half of all people with spinal cord injury (SCI) have upper extremity (UE) dysfunction, there is a great deal of technology and focus on improving leg strength and retraining gait after SCI and not on UE strength and function. The principles of activity-based interventions, which involve intense activity to access and improve spinal cord circuitry and to produce long-lasting neural and functional changes, are being routinely translated to rehabilitation of the lower extremities in individuals with SCI. Activity-based approaches may be useful for facilitating long-term neural and functional changes in the UE as well. Yet, the understanding of how to facilitate UE movement in tetraplegia and how to develop and apply new approaches or technology to improve UE function is significantly lacking. This article evaluates the literature pertaining to the use of activity-based interventions to improve UE function after SCI and discusses the relevance of evidence for activity-based interventions in the stroke population as well as that from the literature examining the effects of activity-based interventions for retraining the lower extremity after SCI to determine whether activity-based interventions may be useful for retraining arm and hand function after SCI.
Tetraplegia
Retraining
Functional electrical stimulation
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