The calibration problem of industrial analyzers presents a triple aspect since three essential problems must be solved: technical, psychological, and economical. In the case of process gas chromatography, it seems that the problem can be completely solved with an appropriate technique, called “Deferred Standard Technique.” In order to successfully apply such a technique to automatic process control, the following difficulties had to be overcome: Accurate measurements of sample and standard volumes to be injected. Accurate determination of substance-specific correction factors of components to be analyzed with respect to standard. Choice of a standard. Three examples of industrial analysis, chosen for the difficulty of calibration, show the immediate advantages of such a technique. Technical aspect: Calibration for widely divergent sample types. Psychological aspect: The correct working of the process gas chromatograph is permanently checked by the repeatability of the peak amplitude of the Deferred Standard which is injected in each analytical sequence. Economical aspect: Suppression of standard mixtures and of the personnel busy preparing and controlling them. Calibration cost can be evaluated a priori. But owing to the accession of computers in the field of process chromatographic control, the “Deferred Standard Technique” could have a completely new scope.
The purpose of this study was to determine the protein composition of the vesicles released from senescent erythrocytes and its variation during their experimental conservation at +4 degrees C in citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD), over a period of 8 weeks. Techniques employed included electron microscopy, SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Electron microscopic observation of senescent erythrocytes showed the simultaneous release of one or several vesicles of varying size and shape, while close examination of individual vesicles revealed a slack membrane structure and the presence of band 3 protein. SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting showed the vesicles to be composed mainly of band 3 and its breakdown products and to be lacking in spectrin. Use of specific antibodies demonstrated the presence of free haemoglobin, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and fragment C3b of complement. During conservation for 8 weeks, the concentration of band 3 protein decreased, while the concentrations of IgG and C3b increased and there was no apparent variation in haemoglobin levels.
Abstract. We prospectively studied the incidence of post‐transfusion non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in 64 cardiac surgery patients: 4 (6.25%) developed non‐A, non‐B hepatitis after an incubation period of 4–10 weeks. Units of blood products from donors seropositive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti‐HBc) were not associated with a greater risk of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in recipients than units from seronegative donors. Our data indicate that donor blood anti‐HBc testing is of no value as a screening method to reduce the incidence of post‐transfusion non‐A, non‐B hepatitis.
Abstract Thermal Aqueous Liquid Chromatography (TALC) using pure water as a mobile phase should be a very attractive technique promoting the use of liquid chromatography in routine analysis, either in the laboratory or in future on‐line process control. This simple form of chromatography, the selectivity of which depends on the fixed phase only, would allow the use of flame ionization as an almost universal, low‐cost detector in liquid chromatography. The potential of the TALC technique is illustrated by selected examples.
Serum ferritin was measured by six enzyme immunoassays in specimens from patients with digestive cancers (n = 30) and hematologic malignancies (n = 33). Most mean comparisons show significant differences in both groups of patients. In digestive cancers correlations between any two methods are very satisfactory (r > 0.99) but a proportional bias is often observed. In hematologic malignancies, correlations are bad (r < 0.80 in 8 out of 15 correlations) because of many discrepant values. Isoelectric focusing separation of isoferritins was performed in most specimens and the pattern of each serum was compared to the between kit CV. We conclude that an 'acid' spectrotype increases between-kit analytical variability. We try to explain the results taking into account the nature of the immunological systems and the cross-reactions with tissular isoferritins. In conclusion, our results indicate that large differences may be observed in sera from hematologic malignancies (leukemias, lymphomas ... ) We recommend that monitoring be achieved by the same method of measurement.
Abstract Three main problems have to be solved in process gas chromatography: psychological, technical and economic. A simple concept already used with success for fifteen years by the author, called the Deferred Standard, is an answer for process GC and, to some extent, laboratory GC as well. That the injection of a pure compound in each analytical sequence is reproducible demonstrates the good working order of PGC. Accurate quantitative results may be obtained because the gas density balance is used as a calibrator detector for determining the relative response factors of the components of interest with respect to the Deferred Standard. By suppressing any calibration standards in process and laboratory chromatography, the Deferred Standard may reveal itself as a time and money saving technique.
Journal Article Choice of Carrier Gas for the Gas Density Balance: Choix du Gaz Vecteur Pour la Balance a Densite de Gaz Get access C. L. Guillemin, C. L. Guillemin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Meile F. Auricourt Meile F. Auricourt Centre de Recherches d'Aubervilliers, Produits Chimiques Pechiney-Saint-Gobain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 1964, Pages 156–159, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/2.5.156 Published: 01 May 1964 Article history Received: 15 November 1963 Published: 01 May 1964
