ABSTRACT Selection on the basis of estimated breeding value for cow fertility was successful in establishing two distinct lines of high (H) and low (L) fertility in a herd of Droughtmaster (Brahman × Shorthorn) cattle. The average difference in pregnancy rates over 3 years between the H and L line was 12% ( P < 0·01) in the selected cows. In lactating cows this difference was 17% indicating that lactational anoestrus was an important component of the line difference in fertility. The total calf losses between confirmed pregnancy and weaning were 17%, but there were no line differences. Cow mortalities were 5% higher ( P < 0·01) in pregnant cows than in empty cows but were similar in the H and L 'lines. H cows were proportionately 0·06 lighter in body weight ( P < 0·01) at mating and 0·075 lighter ( P < 0·01) at weaning than L cows. Much of this difference was due to the greater number of calves carried and weaned by H cows during their lifetime. Smaller lactation effects on weight gains and weight losses in H cows indicated that these cows were less sensitive in terms of weight gain to seasonal fluctuations in nutrition. H cows conceived earlier than L cows in 2 out of the 3 years and reared calves which were proportionately 0·04 lighter at weaning ( P < 0·01). It is suggested that lower milk production in H cows leading to shorter periods of lactational anoestrous, combined with lower sensitivity to nutritional stress, was responsible for their higher fertility.
The efficacy, safety and disposition of olsalazine was assessed in patients with left-sided ulcerative colitis or proctitis in a double-blind placebo controlled trial. Thirty patients with a mild-to-moderate attack of ulcerative colitis were randomly allocated to olsalazine capsules, 1 g b.d., or placebo for 6 weeks. Good clinical response was found in six patients receiving olsalazine and in two receiving placebo. Improvement in sigmoidoscopic findings and histological appearance of rectal biopsies was also seen more often in olsalazine-treated patients. Plasma concentrations of olsalazine were significantly higher in patients who improved. Olsalazine showed an advantage over placebo which needs to be confirmed by further studies; it was safe in sulphasalazine-sensitive patients but appeared to cause watery diarrhoea in two patients.
Bovine and ovine microsatellite sequences were extracted from the EMBL and GENBANK databases. When analysed for number of alleles and degree of heterozygosity in the CSIRO cattle reference families, allele numbers range from 1 to 14 with heterozygosities, in the polymorphic systems ranging from 15.8% to 100%. Six (46%) of the 13 bovine systems tested gave specific and polymorphic products in sheep. Similarly 2 of the 4 ovine systems gave specific and polymorphic products in cattle. These data define 11 bovine and 8 ovine microsatellite systems which are associated with known genes and are thus useful for comparative mapping studies.
We report a patient whose severe recurrent anemia was due to overt and occult hemorrhage from peptic esophagitis. Cimetidine treatment was successful for seven years but dose reduction was followed by intractable hemorrhage which did not respond to H2-receptor antagonists. Omeprazole therapy produced dramatic remission of symptoms and anemia.
e20648 Background: Gynecologic oncologists and associates must provide appropriate, acceptable, and patient-centered end-of-life care. Most women with terminal gynecologic cancers do not have do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders upon hospital admission and many do not receive effective palliative care. Our objective was to assess quality care indicators involving end-of-life care among gynecologic oncology patients treated at our institution. Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with recurrent gynecologic cancers and terminal diagnoses who died from January 2009 through October 2012. Data included intervals to death from: diagnoses, DNR status, Hospice/Palliative Care Medicine (HPCM) involvement, and other factors related to end-of-life care. Chi-squared and discriminate analyses were utilized. Results: Complete data were available for 130 of 345 (37.7%) patients. Disease sites included cervix 28 (21.5%), uterine 37 (28.5%), ovarian 51(39.2%), and vaginal/vulvar 14 (10.8%). Median age at diagnosis and death was 63 and 65 years. Relative to death, diagnoses occurred at a median of 1.65 (0.05-32) years prior. 83 (63.8%) patients were DNR at their last hospitalization, 84(64.6%) had HPCM involvement, and 18(13.8%) had an advance care plan. When HPCM was involved, 83.3% were DNR as compared to 28.3% without involvement (p=0.0001). Patients were also significantly more likely to have DNR status with diagnosis of ovarian cancer and as the duration of time between diagnosis and death increased (p=0.0001). The provider obtaining DNR was most often faculty over residents or HPCM (60.2%, 27.7%, 12%). DNR status was declared by 57 (68.7%) patients and 26 (31.3%) power of attorneys. Median duration from DNR to death was 14 days (0-308) and median duration from HPCM involvement to death was 22 days (0-391). Conclusions: DNR status is associated with ovarian cancer, HPCM involvement, and increasing time from diagnosis to death. Earlier intervention from providers or HPCM could allow for greater patient autonomy and fewer interventions at end-of-life.
Abstracts of the 4th Congress of ECCO the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation S55 agents, OR 1.4, 95% CI (1.01 1.9).The area under the ROC curve was 0.7 CI 95% (0.5 0.9) for TPMT levels for predicting AZA withdrawal due gastrointestinal intolerance, with a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 67%.A new course of treatment with 6MP was offered in all patients with gastrointestinal intolerance to AZA.Fourteen patients accepted.Five, (38%) per protocol and 36% per intention to treat tolerated the treatment with MP.Tolerance to MP was not associated with any of the variables studied.Conclusions: Incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance is relevant during AZA treatment; slow dose escalation could be useful.A shift to MP should be considered in case of severe gastrointestinal intolerance.The association with TPMT levels could reflect the role of 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotide metabolites in its pathogenesis.
The aim of this study was to compare recurrence rates of reflux oesophagitis (after endoscopic healing with omeprazole) over a 12 month period of randomised, double blind, maintenance treatment with either daily omeprazole (20 mg every morning; n = 53), weekend omeprazole (20 mg on three consecutive days a week, n = 55) or daily ranitidine (150 mg twice daily, n = 51). Patients were assessed for relapse by endoscopy (with gastric biopsy) at six and 12 months, or in the event of symptomatic recurrence, and serum gastrin was monitored. At 12 months, the estimated proportions of patients in remission (actuarial life table method) were 89% when receiving daily omeprazole compared with 32% when receiving weekend omeprazole (difference 57%, p < 0.001, 95% confidence intervals: 42% to 71%) and 25% when receiving daily ranitidine (difference 64%, p < 0.001, 95% confidence intervals: 50% to 78%). Median gastrin concentrations increased slightly during the healing phase, but remained within the normal range and did not change during maintenance treatment. No significant pathological findings were noted, and no adverse events were attributable to the study treatments. In conclusion, for patients who respond favourably to acute treatment with omeprazole 20 mg every morning, the drug is a safe and highly effective maintenance treatment for preventing relapse of reflux oesophagitis and its associated symptoms over 12 months. By contrast, weekend omeprazole and daily ranitidine were ineffective.
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