삼차신경절의 뉴론이 구강악안면영역에서의 촉각, 압각, 온도각 및 통각 등 다양한 감각을 중추신경계로 전달하는 역 할을 하는 것은 주지의 사실이다. 이러한 신경전달에 있어서 이온통로는 감각정보를 전달하는데 핵심적인 역할을 수행 한다. 이 중 소디움 통로는 활동전위의 발생에 중요하며, 칼슘 통로는 시냅스 전도에 있어서 필수적인 역할을 수행하고, 포타슘 통로는 안정막전압의 유지 및 재분극에 관여한다. 최근에 여러 가지의 이온통로들의 뇌조직내의 분포에 관한 연 구가 시작되고 있는데 삼차신경의 일차구심뉴론이 종지하는 삼차신경핵 즉 삼차신경 척수감각핵, 삼차신경 주감각핵, 삼차신경 중뇌핵 및 삼차신경 운동핵에 존재하는 이온통로에 관한 연구는 매우 희소하여 본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 삼차신 경핵에 존재하는 소디움, 칼슘 및 포타슘 이온통로들을 면역조직화학적 방법으로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 소디움 통로는 삼차신경 척수감각핵, 삼차신경 주감각핵 및 삼차신경 운동핵 모두에서 강하게 염색되었다. (2) 칼슘 통로는 삼차신경 척수감각핵에서는 N-type 통로가 중등도로 염색되었으며, P/Q-type 통로는 약하게 염색 되었으나R-type 통로는거의염색되지않았다. 삼차신경주감각핵에서는P/Q-type 통로가매우약하게염색되었다. (3) 포타슘 통로는 삼차신경 척수감각핵과 삼차신경 주감각핵에서 inwardly rectifying 포타슘 통로(Kir 2.1)가 중등 도로 염색되었고, voltage-gated 포타슘 통로(Kv 4.2)가 약하게 염색되었으며, BKCa는 그 염색 정도가 매우 약 하게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 삼차신경 감각핵에는 소디움 통로의 분포가 가장 많았으며, 칼슘통로에서는 N-type이, 포타슘 통로 중에는 inwardly rectifying 통로(Kir 2.1)가 가장 많이 분포함을 관찰할 수 있었다.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different polishing procedures on the surfaces of composite resins. Two-paste type comosite restorative resin (Hipol) was selected for this study. 70 cavities prepared on the plaster-stone dies, 6mm in diameter and 2mm in depth, was filled with composite resin according to the manufacturer's specifications and by polymerizing against mylar strips. The polymerized composite resin specimens were polished (surface finished) by using 6 polishing devices; white stones, diamond finishing points, 12-fluted carbide finishing burs, green stones, sand paper disks, and Quasite rubber disk after polished with sand paper disks and green stones. A profilometer (Bendix type) was used to record in microinches the surface roughness of each surface finished composite resin specimens. The results were as follows. 1. The best finished surface that can be obtained is a surface formed by the mylar matrix strip 2. The white stones produced the smoothest surface in the experimental group. 3. The green stones produced the roughest surface in the experimental group. 4. It was proved that the gradual use of finishing instruments from a rough one to fine ones reduced the surface roughness.
이 글은 콘텐츠를 활용한 사회문제형 글쓰기 교육 사례를 바탕으로 대학생들의 글쓰기 능력을 향상시키기 위한방향을 탐색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 통상적으로 대학에서 글쓰기 교과목은 기초교양으로서 그 중요성을 인정받아왔으나, 실제 교육현장에서 대다수의 학생들은 글쓰기 자체에 관한 막연함이나 글쓰기 행위에 관한 두려움을 안고 있다. 이에 따라 이 글에서는 학생들이 글쓰기에 관한 동기를 부여하고 글쓰기 대상에 관한 이해를 도모하도록 하기 위해 수업 설계 시 다음과 같은 점들을 고려하고자 했다. 보다 구체적으로, 이 수업에서는 수업 방법의측면에서 말하기와 글쓰기, 콘텐츠와 콘텐츠, 콘텐츠와 글쓰기 간의 연계성을 높이는 방향으로 진행되었으며, 과제물의 측면에서는 콘텐츠를 둘러싼 개별 입장을 단계별 글쓰기를 통해 확장시키는 방향으로 진행되었다. 그 결과학생들은 콘텐츠를 통해 일방적인 정보를 수용하는 것에서 나아가 1) 타자를 향한 열린 태도를 기반으로 타자가처한 상황에 대해 공감대를 형성하였으며, 2) 콘텐츠의 연출 방식에 대한 비판적 태도를 바탕으로 사회적 쟁점에관한 주체적인 판단을 실현할 수 있었다. 물론 수업을 진행하는 과정에서 많은 학생들이 콘텐츠에 평면적으로 접근한다는 점, 장르적 특성에 따른 글쓰기의 수행에 어려움을 느낀다는 점 등 몇몇 한계점을 노출하기도 했다. 그럼에도 이 글에서는 콘텐츠를 활용한 사회문제형 글쓰기 교육을 통해 학생들이 기존 경험 세계에서 벗어나 정서적영역과 인지적 영역을 확장시키는 계기를 마련할 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
Objective : The content of essential oils from Ssajuari and Sajabalssuk was analyzed based on storage period. A total of eight samples old Ssajuari (harvested in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004), fresh Ssajuari (harvested in 2004), old Sajabalssuk (harvested in 2002), and fresh Sajabalssuk (harvested in 2004) was analyzed. Methods : The analysis of the content of essential oils from Ssajuari and Sajabalssuk was conducted by GC/MS. Results : The main essential oils of Ssajuari were -thujone and 1.8-cineole. The -thujone and 1,8-cineole were increased but the caryophyllene oxide was decreased. in accordance with storage period. The main essential oils of fresh Sajabalssuk were trans--caryophyllene, terpinen-4-ol. The main essential oils of old Sajabalssuk was -thujone and 1,8-cineole like Ssajuari. But 1,8-cineole was higher than that of Ssajuari samlpes. Conclusion : All samples had trans-sabinene hydrate, 1,8-cineole, terpinen-4-ol and caryophyllene oxide. According to stored year, -thujone, -thujone were increased but terpinen-4-ol, caryophyllene oxide were decreased.
Objectives : Taraxaci Herba et Radix (THR) is widely used as a food and medicinal herb in Korea. It has been used for treatment of virus inflammatory disease, liver diseases and gastritis. So far, anti-inflammatory effects and constituents of various species in THR has not been studied for comparison. The aim of this study is to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of the aerial part and root from various THR. Also, we have compared the contents of its known constituents with each. Methods : In this study, we estimated anti-inflammatory effect and compared their constituent by HPLC. For the determination of anti-inflammatory effects, we investigated NO and production by ELISA. The expressions of iNOS was determined by western blotting in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. And, standard compounds which are methyl gallate, gallic acid, syringic acid and esculetin of THR were analyzed by HPLC using a column. Results : Methanol extracts of THR decreased NO and production. The expressions of iNOS protein were also decreased in methanol extracts of THR. As a result, HPLC analysis showed that they showed similar patterns. Methyl gallate and esculetin showed the highest content. Methyl gallate was included over 10% content in each aerial part and root of THR. Conclusions : These results indicate that most of THR distributed in Korea might represent therapeutic agent for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
DNA topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes that transiently break one or two strands of DNA, passing a single or double stranded DNA through the break and again resealing the breaks which allow to solve various DNA topological problems ge-nerated during vital cellular proce sses such as replication, trans-cription, recombination, repair, chromatin assembly and chromo-some segregation.
Objective : Gangwhal (羌活) is the root of Angelica koreana Kitagawa (family Umbelliferae) and a popular crude drug used to expel wind from the body surface ( 風解表), to remove dampness ( 風濕) and to relieve pain (止痛). There are two kinds of Gangwhal which are NamGangwhal(As) and BukGangwha(An) according to cultivated methods and ecotype. Also, fresh one(Ds) and dried one(Dn) were comparison of essential oils contents. Methods : GC/MS method was used for essential oil analysis and tried to distinct of two types of Gangwhal. Result: 1. In the comparison with essential oils of As and An, sabinene was more 11.24 times in As than An and cresole was 2.03 times in An more than As. Terpinolene and osthole was detected only in As. 2. Ingredient analysis of essential oils of Ds and Dn, comparison of fresh gangwhal with dried gangwhal, there is no big change in kind of essential oils, but change appeared for amount of ingredient. In case of sabinene, it was more 2.63 times in Ds more than Dn, and in case of 4-vinyl-2-methyl acetophenone, it was more 4.26 times in Dn more than Ds. Osthole was detected in Ds but wasn't detected in Dn. 3. Osthole is detected in only fresh and dried NamGangwhal. Conclusion: Osthole is one of distinction compound of NamGangwhal and BukGangwhal.
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