In newspapers and articles it is often read that lower secondary- and secondary school students express how difficult and inaccessible they feel it to be with technical and scientific subjects. ‘Oh, technical subjects are so lame’, Technical subjects are considered a low status subject among this year’s ninth graders. Only one in four wants to work with anything related to technical (from an article printed in Ny Teknik 29/4-2009). 7 of 20-year olds applied in first hand to a civil engineering program at any university in 2007, while comparative figure at end of 90’ies was 13 % from an article printed in SvD 14/10-2009). This is sometimes interpreted as that young people today is uninterested in technical areas and development and that this therefore leads to fewer applicants to these types of educations. However this is perhaps not whole truth because young people today more than ever are using interactive solutions. Skype, Facebook and Twitter are all examples of developments thorough various technical progress. Instead, it can be said that interest for technology and technological solutions exist, but way knowledge in these areas are presented is less exciting. The Technical Advisory Board believes that responsibility for low interest of young people in subjects such as mathematics, technology and sciences lies on adults and in particular school administration system, which according to Technical delegation today fail to meet standards of high demands (from an article printed in Ny Teknik 18/5-2011). One of areas in science and technology that is severely criticized by students is area of energy. How can it be that an area that is considered so important, and in one way or another 5 affects most people, is not presented in a way that makes it as interesting and as important as so many other subjects in elementary school today? This means there should be a general change of view of how young people look at energy area and that interest for technology and sciences must increase in order to raise number of students in technical and scientific educations. One way of achieving this is through presenting subject with additional methods of education. A desire to change, especially how energy field is perceived, was what initiated thoughts of a knowledge based board game about energy. With such a game, students are inspired about this subject in a playful way. The idea is that with a game students will be influenced to actively participate in discussions, in school as well as at home, and understand as well as accept targeted and future set climate goals for a long term sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to create an understanding in whether a knowledge based game can be a suitable method of increasing interest in energy subject. The essay has two questions; do teachers think that it is possible to increase students’ interest of energy with a knowledge based game and how such a game should it be designed. In study 52 teachers and others within educational area have responded to a survey where they weighted a number of statements about how such a game should be designed to be optimal for use in schools and if they think that a game could be a way to change view of energy, environment and sustainable development. The result shows that they consider important factors include: short running time with rapid game start, opportunity for all students to play regardless of basic knowledge, that game should have clear stages of knowledge learning, and compatible with current syllabus for subject that game is played in. 96% of respondents also indicate they believe that games can help to change young people's attitude towards energy, environment and sustainable development During work with essay it were revealed that 96 of respondents stated that they would use a game in their education but there is no support for a game to be provided in other formats such as computer games or applications for smart phones. The study also tested a couple of correlations; these were between numbers of years worked or in what grade respondents teach and support for the game’s content availability in other formats. In result there was no support found for these correlations. The School Board puts emphasis on energy in upcoming curriculum (Lgr 11), essay shows that there is an interest in this type of knowledge based game and that it could fill gap that may be perceived today to exist in energy knowledge. Finally, essay also answered two initial questions; that it is possible to increase students' interest in energy in school through a knowledge based game and how they would like to see such a game designed.
Syfte och fragestallningarSyftet med studien var att undersoka hur genus tar sig uttryck i en klass i ar sex, framst under idrottslektioner men aven i andra amnen. Ett mer specifikt syfte var att u ...
The use for a readability classification model is mainly as an integrated part of an information retrieval system. By matching the user's demands of readability to the documents with the corresponding readability, the classification model can further improve the results of, for example, a search engine. This thesis presents a new solution for classification into readability levels for Swedish. The results from the thesis are a number of classification models. The models were induced by training a Support Vector Machines classifier on features that are established by previous research as good measurements of readability. The features were extracted from a corpus annotated with three readability levels. Natural Language Processing tools for tagging and parsing were used to analyze the corpus and enable the extraction of the features from the corpus. Empirical testings of different feature combinations were performed to optimize the classification model. The classification models render a good and stable classification. The best model obtained a precision score of 90.21\% and a recall score of 89.56\% on the test-set, which is equal to a F-score of 89.88.
Are Customer Focus and Competence Raising Compatible? : A Study of Customers´ and Patient´s Conception of Different Qualification Strategies in Public and Private Service Organizations
Arbetsgivarna har alltid haft ett stort intresse av att anstallda utfor det arbete de har betalt for att gora. For narvarande kretsar debatten om anstalldas engagemang i privata angelagenheter saso ...
Forecasts and analysis on real estate values and house prices are an ever-present problem for several different players. Often there is debate about the values of prices or bubbles in the Swedish cities. The difficulty with the valuation of housing, compared with other products, is their unique location. No is another comparable, and because of this there is no certain market value. The question is; what can explain the high prices in cities?
This work is based on a theory called the classic monocentric city model, which is a theory based on the city's original structures. The city has a center where all residents daily have to transport themselves to work so that they can meet their costs for and other consumption needs. At the urban boundary of the city, the prices consist of land values in current use, ie agriculture or forestry, and construction cost of the residence. Those living at the urban boundary must pay to transport themself into the center, not just the actual cost but also the opportunity cost of time it takes. Citizens who settle in the center will then be prepared to pay more for because they do not have the transportation cost. Prices in the city thus contain a location price which increases the closer to the center the residence is located.
This work purposes to investigate whether the monocentric city model can be applied in Swedish towns and regions. It also aims to examine how the price structure looks like in Swedish cities, how the prices relate to the distance to the center of the city. Areas in Sweden are selected to carry out examinations and applying the model. The areas are Stor-Malmo, composed of 11 municipalities, and the cities Malmo and Lund.
A literature study is implemented for the purposes, which includes the theory of the monocentric city model, and various theories of valuation and pricing of homes. Based on the theories, hypotheses are set up that will be verified or shown to be false. The analysis is based on these hypotheses. The hedonic pricing model is used in the analysis. The regression analysis performed on the data sets consist of data from about 70% of the sales from the Swedish accommodation form bostadsratt in the three areas, from the time 2008 to October 2011.
The results show that it is difficult to apply the monocentric city model. There are many factors that have affected the prices during the studied period, and therefore the hypotheses can neither be verified nor rejected. In the studied areas, there are several factors that affect the prices and also the regions are not fully monocentric. Despite this, the results show that there is a strong correlation between prices in the areas and a defined center in each area. The distance to the center explains much of the prices. The result should be possible to apply to other areas in Sweden.
In Lund, the location price of the property has increased in all of the studied years. In 2008 a cost 301 SEK more for every meter closer to the center the was located. As center of Lund, Stortorget is defined. In 2011 the price had risen to 358 SEK per meter. This means that a normal housing at 71 m2 with two rooms and a monthly fee of 3618 SEK, in 2011 cost about 2.1 million SEK if it is located at the center of Lund and about 700 000 SEK if it is located at the urban boundary of Lund, 4000 meters from the center. In Malmo, the location price is not as high, but it has, as in Lund, increased each year, from 144 SEK per meter 2008 to 190 SEK per meter of 2011. As center of Malmo, Stortorget is defined.
As the distance, several different measures can be used. When applying the monocentric model to the region Stor-Malmo, it is shown that the time to transport to the center is a better measure than a straight line to the center. The location has increased from about 36 000 SEK per minute in 2008 to about 42 000 SEK in 2011. As the center of Stor-Malmo, Stortorget is defined.
Although the distance to the center of a city can explain much of the prices, there are several other location factors affecting the price. The extent to which the distance to the center can be used as location variable will therefore depend on the size of the area and the wide of variations in different parts of the area.
I denna uppsats har en studie genomforts i syfte att undersoka om beslut om aterkop leder till en signifikant marknadsreaktion. Tidigare studier har indikerat en positiv reaktion pa aktiekurserna d ...
Due to the very nature of service work, a vast majority of research has focused on interpersonal aspects. There are mainly two perspectives; the first takes departure from the customers’ point of view and focus on customer satisfaction and business success.The second, rather critical, perspective highlights the employees’ experiences of the service interaction. Our purpose is to combine, summarize, and test – often the oreticaland sometimes normative – proposals and statements from both these perspectives. The empirical data is derived from (a) a questionnaire to a random sample of 2000 Swedish employees with daily customer/client contact in their work, and (b) in-depth interviews with 21 employees, working as shop assistants, receptionists, travel agents etc. The study covers areas such as routinization; superiority and subordination; customer identification; rapport; aesthetic labour; the use of humour, charm and flirt; and the dealing with troublesome or rude customers. Our research shows how service encounters are a source of well-being, satisfaction, and commercial success, as well as a source of control and stress. The employees have to suppress their own feelings; they lie to customers, and are often mistreated. As many as half of the employees state that they regularly have to deal with troublesome or rude customers. This situation is even worse for women.
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