Hollow concrete columns (HCCs) are an effective structural system for piles, electric poles, and bridge piers due to their low self-weight in conjunction with the high strength offered and reduced material use. This study investigated the behavior of concentrically loaded circular HCCs reinforced with glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars and spirals. Eleven hollow circular columns with outer/inner diameters of 305 and 113 mm and two solid specimens as controls were fabricated. All had a height of 1,500 mm. The investigated parameters included transverse GFRP reinforcement ratio in terms of the on-center spiral spacing and spiral diameter, configuration (spiral and hoops), and the influence of hollowness. The theoretical ultimate load-carrying capacity and the confined concrete strength of the tested hollow GFRP-reinforced concrete columns were evaluated and predicted using the available design equations and confinement models in the FRP design codes, standards, and literature. The test results indicate that either decreasing the spacing of the spiral/discrete hoops or increasing the spiral diameter could increase the ultimate carrying capacity as well as improve the confinement efficiency and ductility of HCCs.
Most construction practices and materials used within the building and construction industry leave a large ecological footprint. In 2006-08, Australia generated 16 million tonnes and 2.3 million tonnes of construction and demolition (C&D) waste and plastic solid waste (PSW), respectively, and only about one-fourth of these plastic wastes were recycled. One of the best options to reduce C&D waste and increase the recycling rate of PSW is to convert these plastic wastes into recyclable building products. However, understanding on the structural behaviour of this new material is limited. This paper investigates the important structural properties of the recycled mixed plastics wastes containing high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and polypropylene. The strength values were found to be 16.67, 29.58, 4.58 MPa in flexure, compression and shear respectively, while the modulus of elasticity is 1.1 and 0.55 GPa in flexure and compression respectively. These properties are comparable to virgin plastics and commercially grown softwood indicating the high potential of this emerging material for building and construction.
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in seeking for potential civil engineering applications of recycled mixed plastic wastes to relieve the pressure on landfills. This paper presents the recent developments on new generation of composites made from mixed recycled plastics and glass fibre. Glass fibres are one of the most cost-effective reinforcements which can be compounded with recycled thermoplastics to obtain products with improved mechanical property. Some of the first uses for such composites are for the replacement for traditional wooden items like park benches and picnic tables. While these composites are appropriate for such small-scale products, using them in structural applications would consume much greater volume of waste plastics. With its inherent resistance to rot and insect attack, these composites can in fact be used as a replacement for chemically treated timber in various large scale outdoor applications such as railroad crossties and bridges. However, the behaviour of such composites under different environmental conditions such as elevated temperature and ultraviolet rays are crucial. This paper provides an overview of the on-going efforts to address the critical issues for the effective usage of recycled mixed plastics composites in civil engineering and construction.
Steel pipelines play an important role in the oil and gas industry. Hence, corrosion of the steel pipe systems during its service life is a critical issue for the industry. Fibre-reinforced composites offer solutions with broad applicability and efficiency for the internal repair of these corroded pipelines. Understanding the behaviour of internal composite repair systems against different internal pressure regimes is an important aspect in the development of a repair system. This study develops the analyses of internal composite bonded repair systems for long steel pipes with an axisymmetric defect, based on Lame's equation. Various levels of bonding between the steel and composite are studied. Fully bonded optimum internal composite repair thicknesses are determined using biaxial carbon and glass fibre composites for different levels of corrosions, using the von Mises yielding and Tsai–Hill failure criterion approaches. Two case studies are illustrated using the design nomographs. The analysis technique used was found to be accurate when compared with finite element modelling results.