To compare 2 kinds of ELISA methods for detecting circulating antigen in schistosomiasis patients.Monoclonal antibody-based dot-ELISA and sandwich ELISA.The positive rates of dot-ELISA were higher than or similar to those of sandwich ELISA, the former being 48.0%-98.8% and the latter being 12.0%-93.8%. The specificities were 95.4%-100% and 90.0%, respectively.
Augmented growth of tumor cells of both syngeneic and allogeneic origin was often observed when these cells were cocultured with the peritoneal inflammatory macrophages of C57BL/6 mouse, induced by thioglycollate in vitro. While large doses of macrophage-activating factor (MAF) were required for activating these inflammatory macrophages to exert the tumoricidal activity, and much less (suboptimal) doses of MAF were required for activating their cytostatic effect on tumor cells. Whether the macrophage inhibits or enhances the tumor cell proliferation, depends not only on the degree of the activation of macrophage, but also on the macrophage/tumor cell ratio.
Calcium antagonists are drugs that selectively block potential dependent Ca(2+)-channel and inhibit Ca2+ withdrawal on cell membrane. These drugs are used to treat cardiovascular or cephalovascular diseases. 1,4-Dihydropyridine derivatives in comparison with other drugs, have higher potency and selectivity on Ca(2+)-antagonists. They are vasodilators and hypotensives. In this paper, eleven new dihydropyridine derivatives were prepared with the method of Hantzsch and were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR). The solubility in water, stability to heat and Ca(2+)-antagonistic activity of the new compounds were reported.
Antigens prepared from S. japonicum adult worms of different isolates i. e. Anhui, Hubei, Guangxi, Yunnan and Sichuan by origin were analyzed by enzyme linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) probed with rabbit anti-snail antibody (Figs 1,2). Anti-sera against Oncomelania h. hupensis from Anhui, Hubei, Yunnan and Sichuan localities were prepared separately and used in the tests. The EITB patterns were similar in S. j. isolates of Anhui and Hubei, and it was also the case among S. j. isolates of Yunnan and Sichuan except Yunnan female worms with a marked band of 84 kDa but it was almost invisible in EITB pattern of Sichuan female worms. Like Yunnan isolate, female worms of Guangxi isolate also showed marked 84 kDa bands. The EITB pattern of male worms from Guangxi isolate showed 2 main bands of mw > 130 kDa against anti-Anhui snail anti-serum, which corresponded with the male worms of Anhui isolate whereas the color of the bands was darker and denser in the former isolates, and these bands can not be seen in the male worms from isolates of Yunnan and Sichuan. Based on the above mentioned results in connection with the information about the susceptibility between different isolates of schistosomes and their snail hosts which we have reported before, some preliminary analysis and discussion were made.
Observations on the immunoreactivities toward egg antigens of different experimental animals infected with Schistosoma japonicum were made, which included mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit and rhesus monkey. The cercariae applied for infection were shed by snails collected from 5 different isolates, i.e., Anhui, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi in the mainland of China. Sera from the same sort of animals were separately pooled according to the different sources of infection mentioned above. Antibody reactivities were evaluated by COPT, LAT and ELISA. In COPT each serum sample was tested with ova from homologous and heterologous isolates, whereas soluble egg antigen merely prepared from Anhui isolate was used in LAT and ELISA. The level of antibodies detected by homologous or heterologous worm isolate antigens was compared. The results suggested that the positive antibody detection rate might not be influenced by antigens prepared from S. japonicum eggs of different isolates in the mainland of China.
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