The aims of this study were determined the effects of Ochratoxin A (OTA) on growth of fetus tibia epiphyseal cartilage during organogenesis period. Twenty four pregnant mice were divided randomly into 4 groups of 6. Ochratoxin A was dissolved in sodium bicarbonateand administered orally on seventh to fourteenth days of gestation at dosage of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg/kg bw, respectively. The remaining were used as control. The fetal tibia was taken after the 18 th day of pregnancy. The growth of tibia epiphyseal cartilages were observed histologically using Erlich’s Haematoxylin-Eosin Stain. The result of this study indicated that OTA caused decreased thickness of the rest zone, proliferative zone, maturation zone and calsification zone of the fetus tibial growth plate significantly. Key words: Ochratoxin A, tibia, cartilage, and thickness.
elah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran darah kucing yang diinfeksi dengan M.tuberculosis. Penelitian menggunakan 20 ekor kucing sehat (jantan, umur 1-2 tahun, berat badan 1-2 kg) dibagi dalam 4 kelompok secara acak, masing-masing kelompok 5 ekor. Kelompok I adalah kelompok yang diinfeksi secara per oral (PO) M.tuberculosis dengan dosis 1x105 cfu, kelompok II diinfeksi secara intraperitoneal (IP), kelompok III diinfeksi secara intramuskular (IM), dan kelompok IV sebagai kelompok kontrol tidak diinfeksi. Setelah dilakukan infeksi, secara periodik 5 ml darah diambil untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan darah rutin, yaitu pada minggu ke0, 1, 2, 4, 12, dan 24 setelah infeksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran lekosit kucing yang diinfeksi M.tuberculosis pada awal infeksi mengalami lekositosis dengan neutrofilia, kemudian gambaran bergeser ke monositosis pada petengahan (minggu ke-12) sampai akhir penelitian (minggu ke-24). Iumlah eritrosit, nilai PCV, kadar Hb dan TPP masih dalam batas kisaran normal namun ada kecenderungan term menurun pada akhir penelitian.
Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for about 90% of cases of Campylobacteriosis in humans with gastroenteritis. Healthy chickens can carry Campylobacter spp. in the intestinal tract. Efforts to reduce exposure to Campylobacteriosis by humans may be enhanced by knowledge of its prevalence in poultry. This study aimed to identify factors associated with seropositive response to C. jejuni in native chickens in Mataram. Detection of C. jejuni was accomplished using an immunochromatographic serological method. Association between Campylobacter jejuni seropositive response as the dependent variable with various independent variables was analyzed using χ² (Chi square) and Odds Ratio (OR). A total of 216 chicken samples were examined and 44 chicken owners were interviewed and their farms examined. Results showed the prevalence of serological response to C. jejuni in chicken samples to be as high as 35.6% and that as many as 70.5% of farms had affected chickens. Age of the chicken was the variable most closely associated with incidence of seropositive response, birds older than 3 months more likely to be affected. Variables at the farm level associated with variation in seropositive response were cage type, cage floor material, and origin of drinking water, surface water sources being less desirable. Key Words : Campylobacter jejuni , Seroepidemiology, Native Chicken, Mataram
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors Dirofilariaimmitis (D. immitis) infection in dogs slaughtered in Yogyakarta. A total of 151 dogs that were slaughtered from May – November 2013 were examined their heart in order to determine the presence of D. immitis infection. Blood samples were tested using Modified Knott’s Technique for microfilariae examination. The results showed that based on the heart and blood examination the prevalence of D. immitis infection was 14.6 % and 7.9 %, respectively. The risk factors for D. immitis infection were the age and origin of the dog.
Wabah avian influenza yang high pathogenic telah terjadi di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Infeksi virus ini menimbulkan penyakit respirasi dengan mortalitas yang tinggi pada berbagai spesies unggas, termasuk itik, ayam dan puyuh. Isolasi virus Al dari sampel itik, ayam kampung, petelur dan pedaging telah berhasil dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hew an Universitas Gadjah Mada, menggunakan telur ayam berembrio. Subtipe hemaglutinin virus diidentifikasi dengan RT-PCR menggunakan primer spesifik H5 dan H7. Hasil penelitian memberi indikasi bahwa virus AI yang terisolasi tersebut termasuk dalam subtipe H5.
Actinomycetes are bacteria known to constitute a large part of the rhizosphere microbiota. Their isolation is an important step for screening of new bioactive compounds. Culturable actinomycetes populations from cajuput plant rhizosphere soils in Wanagama I Forest UGM Yogyakarta were collected to study about their antifungal activity. Among 17 of a total 43 isolates that showed activity were screened for producing antifungi substances. Screening for antifungal activity of isolates were performed with dual culture bioassay in vitro. One isolate that was designated as Streptomyces sp.GMR-22 was the strongest against all tested fungi and appeared promising for a sources of antifungal. Culture’s supernatant and mycelia were extracted with chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. Antifungal activity of crude extracts was tested by diffusion method against tested fungi. The result indicates that isolates of actinomycetes from cajuput plant rhizosphere could be an interesting sources of antifungal bioactive substances.
Gene markers are often usefull for selection process of cattle on commercial certain phenotypes. Saanen goat has predominance in milk production traits. Milk fat content is one of the commercial traits of milk production. Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase1 (DGAT1) gene was involved in the final process of triglyceride synthesis and associated with milk fat content. Single nucleotide subtitution or insertion-deletion in certain sequence of DGAT1 gene could be gene markers for milk fat content. The objective of this study was to identify differences variation in milk fat content among individual Saanen goats, to identify exon 14-16 polymorphism of DGAT1 gene and to examine its correlation between polymorphism and milk fat content on Saanen goats. The methodologies was collection blood and milk samples, DNA isolation from blood, amplification of DGAT1 genes, sequencing, detection of polymorphism of exon 14-16 DGAT1 gene with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), and examination milk quality on three lactation months using Lactoscan. The average of daily milk production from 70 Saanen goat was 2340±709 mL, 1880±632 mL, 1432±536 mL and average of milk fat content was 3.07±0.52%, 2.53±0.55%, 3.00±0.55% for the first, second and third months of lactation, respectively. The amplicon size of exon 14-16 of DGAT1 gene was ± 350 bp and showed monomorphic pattern from PCR-SSCP. Variation of milk fat content on Saanen goats not caused by polymorphism of exon 14-16 DGAT1 gene.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui patogenisitas isolat Escherichia coif positif congo red. Escherichia coil dari kasus kolibasilosis ayam diisolasi menggunakan media TSA dan EMB kemudian kemampuan pengikatan warna congo red diuji dengan agar congo red (TSA+0,003% congo red). Tingkat patogenisitas isolat yang mengikat warns congo red dilihat dari uji kematian embrio. Empat isolat E.coli positif conga red (CR+) dan 1 isolat negatif terhadap congo red (CR -) diinokulasikan pada telur berembrio umur 12 hari. Tingkat kematian embrio selama arum bad pascainokulasi masing-masing isolat E.coli positif congo red (500 colony form unit / CM) pada kantung alantois telur berembrio umur 12 hari berbeda antar kelompok. Angka kematian yang diperoleh dari isolat CR + 1, 2, 3, dan 4 masing-masing adalah 10%, 20%, 60% dan 100%. Perubahan anatomi yang tampak yaitu terjadinya perdarahan kulit pada embrio yang mati dan secara mikroskopik lesi-lesi pada hati, jantung, dan limpa menujukkan adanya septisemi. Isolasi dan uji ulang congo red terhadap inokulat positif conga red memperlihatkan bahwa beberapa isolat kehilangan kemampuan mengikat warna conga red. Isolat-isolat tersebut memiliki angka kematian yang rendah (10-20%). Variasi kemampuan isolat mengikat warm conga red memiliki keterkaitan dengan patogenisitasnya.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi status virulensi 22 isolat Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis) asal Nusa Tenggara dan Papua menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) multiplex dengan dua pasang primer nukleotida yang memiliki target amplifikasi gen spesifik pada kedua plasmid. Ektraksi DNA dilakukan dengan metode lisis panas. Pasangan primer PA5 dan PA8 digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi gen pagA pada pXO1, sedangkan pasangan primer 1234 F dan 1301 R mengamplifikasi gen capABC pada pXO2. Hasil reaksi PCR menghasilkan dua pita DNA berukuran sekitar 600 dan 800 bp pada 20 isolat. Namun, dua isolat lain, masing-masing hanya memiliki salah satu dari kedua ukuran pita DNA tersebut. Sebagian besar koleksi isolat asal Nusa Tenggara dan Papua (91%) masih memiliki kedua plasmid secara lengkap (pXO1+/2+) dan karena itu bersifat virulen, sedangkan dua isolat lain (9%) telah kehilangan salah satu plasmid virulennya sehingga bersifat avirulen. Disimpulkan bahwa PCR multiplex dengan dua pasang primer dengan target amplifikasi pada plasmid dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi status virulensi isolat B. anthraci.
