Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux（LPR） have chronic inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa leading to a high response state in the larynx, which may make the vocal fold movement too fast. This paper discusses the characteristics of vocal fold movement and voice onset by analyzing laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy in patients with LPR.
Dynamic CT was used to quantify vocal fold motion characteristics, including cartilage movement and soft tissue changes during inspiration and phonation.
Abstract Background Ultraviolet (UV) exposure results in the production reactive oxygen species. Resveratrol has attracted considerable attentions owing to its natural abundance and multiple biological effects. Objective To investigate the protective effects of resveratrate against damage to human skin induced by repetitive solar simulator ultraviolet radiation (ssUVR). Materials and methods Fifteen healthy volunteers were enrolled, and six sites on the non‐exposed dorsal skin of each volunteer were marked for study. Sites 1–4 were exposed to ssUVR at a dosage of 1.5 minimal erythema dose for consecutive 4 days. Immediately after each exposure, one test material (resveratrate + antioxidant, antioxidant, resveratrate, vehicle) was applied to one of the four sites. Site 5 and site 6 were marked as positive control site (UVR only) and baseline control site (no treatment, no UVR). L * a * b values were assessed preprocedure and postprocedure. Skin biopsies were taken 24 h after the last irradiation. The specimens were stained to determine the number of sunburn cells and melanin content melanin. Results On resveratrate treated sites, erythema was barely seen with only slight decrease of L value and insignificant increase of * a value. Furthermore, resveratrate significantly inhibited sunburn cell formation, and decreased Fontana‐Masson staining in skin samples. Conclusions Resveratrate exerts protective effects against repetitive ssUVR‐induced sunburn and suntan.
To investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the evaluation of vocal fold tissue microstructure after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury.Six canines were divided into 2 groups: a unilateral vocal fold paralysis group (n = 4) and a control group (n = 2). The RLN was cut in the unilateral vocal fold paralysis group, and no intervention was applied in the control group. After 4 months, the canines' larynges were removed and placed in a small animal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (9.4T BioSpec MRI; Bruker, Germany). After scanning, the vocal folds were isolated, sectioned, and stained. The slides were then analyzed for the cross-sectional area and muscle fiber density through feature extraction technology. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the DTI scan and histological section extraction results.In the vocal fold muscle layer, the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the unilateral RLN injury group was higher than that of the control group, and the Tensor Trace was lower than that of the control group. This difference was statistically significant, P < .05. In the lamina propria, the FA of the unilateral RLN injury group was lower than that of the control group, P > .05, and the Tensor Trace was lower than that of the control group, P < .05. The muscle fiber cross-sectional area of the RLN injury group was significantly smaller than the control group with statistical significance, P < .05, and the density of muscle fibers was lower, P < .05. The correlation coefficient between FA and the cross-sectional area was -0.838, P = .002, and .726; P = .017 between Tensor Trace and the cross-sectional area.Diffusion tensor imaging is an effective method to assess the changes in the microstructure of atrophic vocal fold muscle tissue after RLN injury.
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