Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has shown positive effects in endurance-type sports among healthy young individuals; however, its effects in endurance-type exercises in older adults have not been explored. We aimed to examine the acute effects of a single session of IPC prior to an endurance-type exercise on cardiovascular- and physical-function-related parameters in sedentary older adults. A pilot study with a time-series design was carried out. Nine participants were enrolled consecutively in the following intervention groups: (i) SHAM (sham IPC + walking) and (ii) IPC (IPC + walking) groups. The main outcomes were resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC), endurance performance, and perceived fatigue. After the intervention, the IPC group showed a significant reduction in SBP, whereas SpO2 decreased in the SHAM group. The IPC group maintained quadriceps MIVC levels, whereas these levels dropped in the SHAM group. No changes in DBP, resting HR, endurance, or fatigue in any group were observed. These findings are of interest for the promotion of cardiovascular and physical health in older people.
Chulvi-Medrano, I, García-Massó, X, Colado, JC, Pablos, C, Alves de Moraes, J, and Fuster, MA. Deadlift muscle force and activation under stable and unstable conditions. J Strength Cond Res 24(10): 2723-2730, 2010-The objective of this study was to compare the production of force and paraspinal muscle activity between deadlifts carried out in a standard way and with different instability devices (Bosu and T-Bow). Deadlifts involve the performance of muscle activities with dynamic and isometric characteristics. Thirty-one subjects participated voluntarily in the study. Initially, they performed an isometric test for 5 seconds in each condition. After that, they performed a set of 5 repetitions with 70% of the maximum isometric force obtained in each one of the previously evaluated conditions. During the isometric tests, records of electromyographic activity and force production were obtained, whereas during the dynamic tests, only the electromyographic activity was registered. The subjects produced more force and muscle activity on the stable surface than under the other conditions during the isometric test (p < 0.05), and the same differences in muscle activity were observed during the dynamic test (p < 0.05). These data show that the performance of deadlifts under stable conditions favors a higher production of maximum strength and muscle activity. Therefore, we conclude that the use of instability devices in deadlift training does not increase performance, nor does it provide greater activation of the paraspinal muscles, leading us to question their value in the performance of other types of exercises.
ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Carbone L, Garzón M, Chulvi-Medrano I, et al. Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players. Biology of Sport. 2020;37(4):325-331. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316. APA Carbone, L., Garzón, M., Chulvi-Medrano, I., Bonilla, D. A., Alonso, D. A., & Benítez-Porres, J. et al. (2020). Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players. Biology of Sport, 37(4), 325-331. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316 Chicago Carbone, Leandro, Mateo Garzón, Iván Chulvi-Medrano, Diego A Bonilla, Diego A Alonso, Javier Benítez-Porres, and Jorge L Petro et al. 2020. "Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players". Biology of Sport 37 (4): 325-331. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316. Harvard Carbone, L., Garzón, M., Chulvi-Medrano, I., Bonilla, D., Alonso, D., Benítez-Porres, J., Petro, J., and Vargas-Molina, S. (2020). Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players. Biology of Sport, 37(4), pp.325-331. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316 MLA Carbone, Leandro et al. "Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players." Biology of Sport, vol. 37, no. 4, 2020, pp. 325-331. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316. Vancouver Carbone L, Garzón M, Chulvi-Medrano I, Bonilla D, Alonso D, Benítez-Porres J et al. Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players. Biology of Sport. 2020;37(4):325-331. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316.
(1) Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) people’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is affected by glycemic control. Regular exercise is strongly recommended to these patients due to its cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. However, a large percentage of patients with T1DM people present a sedentary behavior because of the fear of a post-exercise hypoglycemia event, lack of time, lack of motivation and the complicated management of exercise, glycemic and insulin dose interaction. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an efficient and safe methodology since it prevents hypoglycemia and does not require much time, which are the main barriers for this population to doing exercise and increasing physical conditioning. (2) Methods: Nineteen sedentary adults (37 ± 6.5 years) with T1DM, were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of either HIIT (12-16-20 × 30-s intervals interspersed with 1-min rest periods) performed thrice weekly, or to the control group, which did not train. HRQoL, sleep quality, exercise motivation and enjoyment were measured as psychological variables. (4) Results: HRQoL improved in physical and social domains, PF (1.9%); PR (80.3%); GH (16.6); SF (34.1%). Sleep quality improved in the HIIT group by 21.4%. Enjoyment improved by 7% and intrinsic motivation was increased by 13%. (5) Conclusions: We suggest that the 6-week HIIT program used in the present study is safe, since no severe hypoglycemia were reported, and an effective strategy in improving HRQoL, sleep quality, exercise motivation and enjoyment which are important psychological well-being factors in T1DM people.
The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze the current evidence for the effects of resistance training (RT) on blood pressure (BP) as the main outcome and body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents. Two authors systematically searched the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science Core Collection and EMBASE electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were: (1) children and adolescents (aged 8 to 18 years); (2) intervention studies including RT and (3) outcome measures of BP and BMI. The selected studies were analyzed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool. Eight articles met inclusion criteria totaling 571 participants. The mean age ranged from 9.3 to 15.9 years and the mean BMI of 29.34 (7.24) kg/m2). Meta-analysis indicated that RT reduced BMI significantly (mean difference (MD): -0.43 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.82, -0.03), P = 0.03; I2 = 5%) and a non-significant decrease in systolic BP (SBP) (MD: -1.09 mmHg (95% CI: -3.24, 1.07), P = 0.32; I2 = 67%) and diastolic BP (DBP) (MD: -0.93 mmHg (95% CI: -2.05, 0.19), P = 0.10; I2 = 37%). Limited evidence suggests that RT has no adverse effects on BP and may positively affect BP in youths. More high-quality studies are needed to clarify the association between RT and BP in light of body composition changes throughout childhood and adolescence.