Resistance Exercise for the Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Dynapenia
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The American College of Sports Medicine recommends resistance training using at least 70% one repetition maximum to improve muscular strength and hypertrophy; however, these intensities may not be safe for all populations. A training technique that has been reported to elicit increases in strength and muscle size uses low intensity resistance training or low load training in combination with blood flow restriction (BFR) to the working muscle. Although the acute effects of BFR on muscle strength and size are well established, the effects of BFR on muscular power are not definitively known. Resistance trained males (
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ABSTRACT The point at which an individual becomes resistance “trained” is not well defined in the literature. Some studies have defined training status as having engaged in consistent resistance training activities for a given period of time, whereas others base inclusion criteria on strength levels alone, or levels of strength in combination with training age/time. If the primary focus of a study is to examine adaptations in individuals with high levels of strength, then it may be appropriate to exclude the individuals who do not meet strength requirements. However, given the heterogeneity of the strength response to resistance training, strength cannot separate those who are “trained” from those who are “untrained.” We suggest that, when determining resistance training status, training age (time) and the modality of training (specificity) should be the primary criteria considered. Muscle Nerve 55 : 455–457, 2017
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of weight loadings and repetitions, frequency of exercise, and knowledge of theoretical principles of weight training on changes in muscular strength. Another purpose was to analyze these effects and determine implications for coaches, physical educators, physical therapists, and others interested in determining the optimum combination of the three variables for increasing muscular strength.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a light, high-repetition resistance-training program on skinfold thicknesses and muscular strength in women.39 active women (mean age 38.64 ± 4.97) were randomly placed into a resistance-training group (RT; n = 20) or a control group (CG; n = 19).The RT group performed a resistance-training program called Bodymax™ 1 hour 3 d•wk -1 that incorporated the use of variable free weights and high repetitions in a group setting.The CG group continued its customary aerobic training 1 hour 3 d•wk -1 .Five skinfold and seven muscular strength measures were determined pre-training and after 12 weeks of training.Sum of skinfolds decreased (-17mm; p < 0.004) and muscular strength increased (+57.4kg;p < 0.004) in the RT group.Effect sizes for individual skinfold sites and strength measures were 'medium' and 'high', respectively.Bodymax™ is an effective resistance-training program for reducing skinfold thickness and increasing muscular strength in active women.Therefore, women with a similar or lower activity status should consider incorporating such training into their regular fitness programs.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a light, high-repetition resistance-training program on skin-fold thicknesses and muscular strength in women. Thirty-nine active women (mean age 38.64 ± 4.97 years) were randomly placed into a resistance-training group (RT; n = 20) or a control group (CG; n = 19). The RT group performed a resistance-training program called Bodymax for 1 hour, 3 d wk−1, which incorporated the use of variable free weights and high repetitions in a group setting. The CG group continued its customary aerobic training for 1 hour 3 d wk-1. Five skinfold and 7 muscular strength measures were determined pretraining and after 12 weeks of training. Sum of skinfolds decreased (−17 mm; p < 0.004) and muscular strength increased (+57.4 kg; p < 0.004) in the RT group. Effect sizes for individual skinfold sites and strength measures were “medium” and “high,” respectively. Bodymax is an effective resistance-training program for reducing skinfold thickness and increasing muscular strength in active women. Therefore, women with a similar or lower-activity status should consider incorporating such training into their regular fitness programs.
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Skinfold thickness
One-repetition maximum
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This study compared the health-related physical fitness among university students based on gender and their condition of subjective-health and aimed to identify whether subjective-health of one’s status of health would be appropriate as an proxy variable of health-related physical fitness. Toward this end, the study measured the physical fitness of 100 university students and produced the following results. First, there were differences by gender in factors like cadiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, and flexibility, and there were also differences in muscular strength and the body fat percentage by gender and the change in the health-related physical fitness of one’s physical condition. Second, for female university students, the health-related physical fitness of their physical condition may be used as a proxy variable for physical strength, except muscular endurance.
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