To determine the demographic and biochemical features of childhood and juvenile thyrotoxicosis and treatment outcome.We reviewed the records of children from 22 centers in Turkey who were diagnosed with thyrotoxicosis between 2007 to 2017.A total of 503 children had been diagnosed with thyrotoxicosis at the centers during the study period. Of these, 375 (74.6%) had been diagnosed with Graves’ disease (GD), 75 (14.9%) with hashitoxicosis and 53 (10.5%) with other less common causes of thyrotoxicosis. The most common presenting features in children with GD or hashitoxicosis were tachycardia and/or palpitations, weight loss and excessive sweating. The cumulative remission rate was 17.6% in 370 patients with GD who had received anti-thyroid drugs (ATDs) for initial treatment. The median (range) treatment period was 22.8 (0.3-127) months. No variables predictive of achieving remission were identified. Twenty-seven received second-line treatment because of poor disease control and/or adverse events associated with ATDs. Total thyroidectomy was performed in 17 patients with no recurrence of thyrotoxicosis and all became hypothyroid. Ten patients received radioiodine and six became hypothyroid, one remained hyperthyroid and restarted ATDs and one patient achieved remission. Two patients were lost to follow up.This study has demonstrated that using ATDs is the generally accepted first-line approach and there seems to be low remission rate with ATDs in pediatric GD patients in Turkey.
Primary subacute haematogenous osteomyelitis is one of the causes of limp. It usually involves tubular bones. Flat and small bones are affected less commonly. Diagnosis is difficult and usually takes weeks together for completion. Salmonella spp. can be isolated as a cause of primary subacute haematogenous osteomyelitis, if a usually underlying disorder, such as sickle cell anemia is associated. In this study, we present a child with normal immunity diagnosed as Salmonella primary subacute haematogenous osteomyelitis of the navicular bone, which is a rare condition. Primary subacute haematogenous osteomyelitis must be considered as a cause of limp for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Abstract Purpose We aimed to determine the frequency of transient congenital hypothyroidism (TCH) in 17 participating centers in Türkiye, evaluate the etiological distribution in permanent congenital hypothyroidism (PCH) cases, and investigate the role of laboratory and clinical findings in predicting TCH. Methods This retrospective observational multicenter study included patients from 17 pediatric endocrinology centers identified by “National Newborn Screening Program” (NNSP) who were born in 2015 and followed for 6 years. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information of the cases were compiled through the database http://cedd.saglik-network.org (CEDD-NET). Results Of the 239 cases initially treated for CH, 128 (53.6%) were determined as transient in whom a trial of levothyroxine (LT4) withdrawal was performed at a median age of 36 (34–38) months. Among the patients with PCH ( n = 111), thyroid dysgenesis was diagnosed in 39.6% ( n = 44). The predictive factors for TCH were: LT4 dose at the withdrawal of treatment, and initial newborn blood screening (NBS)-TSH level. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to predict optimal cut-offs for TCH predictors, LT4 dose < 2.0 µg/kg/day at treatment discontinuation was predictive for TCH and was associated with 94.5% specificity and 55.7% sensitivity, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.802. The initial NBS-TSH level value < 45 µIU/mL was predictive for TCH with 93.1% specificity and 45.5% sensitivity, with an AUC of 0.641. In patients with eutopic thyroid gland only LT4 dose < 1.1 µg/kg/day at withdrawal time was predictive for TCH with 84.7% sensitivity and 40.4% specificity, with an AUC of 0.750. Conclusion According to our national follow-up data, the frequency of TCH was 53.6%. We determined the LT4 dose < 2.0 µg/kg/day at discontinuation of treatment and the initial NBS-TSH level < 45 µIU/mL as the best cut-off limits to predict TCH.
Aim: Thyroid hormones have various effects on kidney function and both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may result in clinically important alterations in kidney function. Therefore, we evaluated kidney functions and changes in kidney functions over time in children with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) who treated or not treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Materials and Methods: The patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 included patients who had hypotroidism and received treatment, group 2 included patients who had euthyroid goiter and received treatment and group 3 consisted of patients who were clinically euthyroid and not received any treatment. All participants were followed prospectively. Serum creatinine (Cr), albumin and serum cystatin C (CysC) levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate eGFR, and urine protein to creatinine ratio (PCR) were measured at the time of diagnosis and one and six months after diagnosis
Results: There were significant differences between baseline and follow-up characteristics of the group 1 in terms of serum Cr, urine PCR, CysC and eGFR. The baseline and follow-up characteristics of groups 2 and 3 were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Children with HT may present with kidney dysfunction and proteinuria, which improve with thyroid hormone replacement. We think that clinicians who follow children with HT should pay attention to this issue.
Objective: Blood culture (BC) is the gold standard test in diagnosis of bacteremia.Also, it is a frequently used test in pediatric patients.The objective of this study was to observe the changes in contamination rates after educations about obtaining BC. Materials and Methods:Rates of contaminations and true positive results and contaminant agents were analyzed retrospectively at 2007 in a pediatrics hospital.At 2008, periodic educations about sample obtaining techniques of BC were given to medical personnel who were the sample collectors in this hospital and same parameters were analyzed prospectively.Results: After educations, rate of true positive results increased from 3.9% to 6.9%.Contamination rate decreased from 8.73% to 6.94%.Members of skin flora were the major contaminant agents both before and after educations. Conclusion: Periodic educations about sample obtainingtechnique of BC should be useful in decreasing the contamination rates in pediatric patients.
It was aimed to investigate the outcomes of babies referred to a tertiary health center in Turkey for evaluation primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) through newborn screening.
Insulin is an important hormone for intrauterine growth. Irisin is an effective myokine in the regulation of physiological insulin resistance in pregnancy. Leptin and insulin are associated with fetal growth and fetal adiposity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationships between irisin, insulin and leptin levels and maternal weight gain, as well as anthropometric measurements in the newborn.Eighty-four mothers and newborns were included in the study. Irisin, leptin and insulin levels were measured in the mothers and in cord blood. Anthropometric measurements in the newborn, maternal weight at the beginning of the pregnancy and at delivery were recorded.Birth weight were classified as small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA). There was no difference in irisin levels among the groups. Leptin and insulin levels were found to change significantly according to birth weight (p=0.013, and p=0.012, respectively). There was a negative correlation between the anthropometric measurements of the AGA newborns and irisin levels. This correlation was not observed in SGA and LGA babies. Leptin levels were associated with fetal adiposity.While irisin levels are not affected by weight gain during pregnancy nor by birth weight, they show a relationship with anthropometric measurements in AGA infants. These results may lead to the understanding of metabolic disorders that will occur in later life.