Abstract Purpose This article presents an in-depth analysis of global research trends in Geosciences from 2014 to 2023. By integrating bibliometric analysis with expert insights from the Deeptime Digital Earth (DDE) initiative, this article identifies key emerging themes shaping the landscape of Earth Sciences ① . Design/methodology/approach The identification process involved a meticulous analysis of over 400,000 papers from 466 Geosciences journals and approximately 5,800 papers from 93 interdisciplinary journals sourced from the Web of Science and Dimensions database. To map relationships between articles, citation networks were constructed, and spectral clustering algorithms were then employed to identify groups of related research, resulting in 407 clusters. Relevant research terms were extracted using the Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) algorithm, followed by statistical analyses on the volume of papers, average publication year, and average citation count within each cluster. Additionally, expert knowledge from DDE Scientific Committee was utilized to select top 30 trends based on their representation, relevance, and impact within Geosciences, and finalize naming of these top trends with consideration of the content and implications of the associated research. This comprehensive approach in systematically delineating and characterizing the trends in a way which is understandable to geoscientists. Findings Thirty significant trends were identified in the field of Geosciences, spanning five domains: deep space, deep time, deep Earth, habitable Earth, and big data. These topics reflect the latest trends and advancements in Geosciences and have the potential to address real-world problems that are closely related to society, science, and technology. Research limitations The analyzed data of this study only contain those were included in the Web of Science. Practical implications This study will strongly support the organizations and individual scientists to understand the modern frontier of earth science, especially on solid earth. The organizations such as the surveys or natural science fund could map out areas for future exploration and analyze the hot topics reference to this study. Originality/value This paper integrates bibliometric analysis with expert insights to highlight the most significant trends on earth science and reach the individual scientist and public by global voting.
The achievement of ecotourism as a special tourism service style depends on reasonable institution design. Taking ecotourism development in China as an example, this paper studies the design of Pigovian taxes as a way to balance the interests of ecotourism development and community welfare. The paper then looks at feasible ways and restriction conditions, and explains from an economics standpoint the reliant institutional arrangement of ecotourism design. Aiming at the problem of information asymmetry in application of Pigovian taxes, the paper puts forward the argument that the balance of ecotourism development and community interests can be achieved though government measures: commissioning the developers, agreeing contractually to publicise exterior costs of the development and asking the developers to accept strict supervision.
Background : Low-income adolescents’ physical activity (PA) levels fall below current recommendations. Perceived barriers to physical activity (PBPA) are likely significant predictors of PA levels; however, valid and reliable measures to assess PA barriers are lacking. This manuscript describes the development of the PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents. Methods : A mixed-method approach was used. Items identified from the literature and revised for clarity and appropriateness (postcognitive interviews) were assessed for test–retest reliability with 74 adolescents using intraclass correlation coefficient. Items demonstrating low intraclass correlation coefficients or floor effects were removed. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis analyses (n = 1914 low-income teens) were used to finalize the scale; internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha. Concurrent validity was established by correlating the PBPA with the PA questionnaire for adolescents using a Spearman correlation. Results : The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 38-item, 7-factor solution, which was cross-validated by confirmatory factor analysis (comparative-fit index, nonnormed fit index = .90). The scale’s Cronbach’s alpha was .94, with subscales ranging from .70 to .88. The PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents’ concurrent validity was supported by a negative PA questionnaire for adolescents’ correlation values. Conclusion : The PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents can be used to better understand the relationship between PBPA among low-income teens. Further research is warranted to validate the scale with other adolescent subgroups.
Quantitatively analyzing the effect of dry-hot wind occurred at different grain filling stages on final 1 000-kernel weight could provide scientific basis for hazard impact assessment.Taking advantage of data from artificially controlled dry-hot wind field experiment carried out for two consecutive years at Zhengzhou agrometeorological experimental station,combined with historical crop observational information,the influence of dry-hot wind on kernel increasing process and final 1 000-kernel weight was studied.The results showed that:after the treatments of dry-hot wind hazard,the grain filling speed immediately decreased,and the decreasing amount was as mid grain filling stagelate stageearly stage,meanwhile,heavy dry-hot windlight.With recovering situation of the crop and grain filling process after the hazard,1 000-kernel weight of winter wheat was most tremendously influenced by heavy dry-hot wind occurred at late stage of grain filling,the final 1 000-kernel weight decreased by 5.4g,and the decreasing amplitude reached to 14.5%;secondly,1000-kernel weight was effected seriously by heavy and light dry-hot wind at middle grain filling stage,1 000-kernel weight decreased by 9.7%and 4.8%,respectively;then,at late stage of grain filling.The effect of light degree of dry-hot wind was relatively small;the final 1 000-kernel weight wasn't decreased significantlyunder the hazard treatment at early stage of grain filling.
Purpose The tourist gaze remains a key concept in tourism research. The purpose of this paper is to comprehend the theoretical and empirical development of the tourist gaze notion and its contributions to tourism knowledge, identifying potential research directions by reviewing and analyzing articles that have defined, refined and applied the concept of the tourist gaze. Design/methodology/approach The study identified 109 relevant research papers primarily through the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Google Scholar, ResearchGate.net and Academia.edu were used to capturing additional work not indexed in the key databases. Qualitative content analysis was used to map the evolution of the concept, distinguish between different perspectives and identify gaps in the tourist gaze literature. Findings This “state of the art” paper on tourist gaze outlines Foucault’s original work on gaze and power, which underpins subsequent theorization within tourism. The study identifies how the tourist gaze operates in different contexts and circumstances allowing the development of gaze theory. Importantly, the evolution of the gaze theory is presented after analyzing the knowledge gaps, the contexts in which it was used, the methodologies with which it was applied. Based on the findings, the study proposes future works of gaze with the use of technology, science, nature and social media. Originality/value This paper is among one of the first states of the art papers in tourism literature that comprehensively analyzes the works on the tourist gaze, tracing its evolution and identifying future research directions to address gaps in existing knowledge.
AIM To express human Fab fragment against M r 48×10 3 keratin in E.coli , and identify its purity, combining activities with antigens and antigenic specificity. METHODS The specific anti 48 kd keratin clone was selected from the established semisynthetic phage antibody library and transformed into E.coli xL1 blue. The specific Fab fragments were expressed by using IPTG as inducing agent. After being purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) , the expressed products were verified by ELISA, SDS PAGE and Western blot. RESULTS Soluble anti keratin Fab fragment could be efficiently purified by IMAC, and the purified products were identified to be human Fab fragment by Western blot. The purified Fab fragment formed a single band under non reducing conditions and two bands under reducing conditions in SDS PAGE. The purified Fab fragment possessed good antigenic specificity as well as the excellent combining activities with antigens as verified by ELISA and Western blot. CONCLUSION The high level expression and identification of soluble human anti keratin Fab fragment may lay a potentially good foundation of engineering human anti keratin Fab, of further researching its biological activities and of facilitating its potential clinical application.
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