J. E. SHEEHY

Emory University

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Peter Mitchell

University of Nottingham

F. I. Woodward

University of Sheffield

F. R. Minchin

Westmead Institute

A. Ferrer

International Rice Research Institute

J. F. Witty

Aberystwyth University

P. P. Pablico

International Rice Research Institute

Shaobing Peng

Huazhong Agricultural University

Kenneth G. Cassman

University of Nebraska–Lincoln

M. J. A. Dionora

International Rice Research Institute

A.V. Elmido

International Rice Research Institute

Cooperative Institutions

International Rice Research Institute

Emory University

Institute of Grassland Research

University of Sheffield

University of Nebraska–Lincoln

Huazhong Agricultural University

University of Queensland

University of California, Davis

Plant Industry

Institute of Crop Science

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C4 rice: a challenge for plant phenomics

Functional Plant Biology (2009)

Robert T. Furbank Susanne von Caemmerer J. E. SHEEHY Gerry Edwards

There is now strong evidence that yield potential in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is becoming limited by 'source' capacity, i.e. photosynthetic capacity or efficiency, and hence the ability to fill the large number of grain 'sinks' produced in modern varieties. One solution to this problem is to introduce a more efficient, higher capacity photosynthetic mechanism to rice, the C4 pathway. A major challenge is identifying and engineering the genes necessary to install C4 photosynthesis in rice. Recently, an international research consortium was established to achieve this aim. Central to the aims of this project is phenotyping large populations of rice and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) mutants for 'C4-ness' to identify C3 plants that have acquired C4 characteristics or revertant C4 plants that have lost them. This paper describes a variety of plant phenomics approaches to identify these plants and the genes responsible, based on our detailed physiological knowledge of C4 photosynthesis. Strategies to asses the physiological effects of the installation of components of the C4 pathway in rice are also presented.

Phenomics

C4 Photosynthesis

Rice plant

Photosynthetic efficiency

10.1071/fp09185

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Citations (134)

Red Line

Fourth Genre Explorations in Nonfiction (2008)

J. E. SHEEHY

Red Line John Sheehy (bio) Riding the Red Line is for most a thing they just suffer through because they have to, but for me it is a celebration. Boston. The city. I’m here now, not visiting but living, a strand in its enormous human fabric. I swallow it whole every day, eat it up. Even now, a year and a half after I first arrived, I can’t get enough of just walking around, or of knowing that I could walk all day and never run out of pavement, buildings, strangers. Sometimes I wear my headphones—it’s almost necessary to have them when you ride the train, because it keeps the crazy people from talking to you. Sometimes I don’t. But it doesn’t matter, because my life here has a soundtrack always. I am almost always not really here, but imagining myself here, watching myself like a character in a movie, slow-motion walking, camera fast-cutting from me to a graffiti-covered building, to an open fire hydrant spraying water on the street, then back to me to catch the look of a man with business to do here—and just the right music is bumping up in the background. Stevie Wonder sings living just enough, just enough; Jim Morrison growls I drifted into town about an hour ago . . . these songs I hear and others, songs that start out slow and then kick to life, songs with funky bass lines, songs about The City. These are the score for the film I am shooting in my head. Quentin Tarantino has not yet made Reservoir Dogs, but later, when I see it in a theater in Seattle, I will recognize instantly in that long cool walk—Steve Buscemi, Harvey Keitel, sunglasses, skinny ties, black suits, walking in slomo time to music they can’t hear, cool, cool, cool—the image I tried to create of myself and for myself in this, my movie of life. Right now, though, I am on the lower inbound platform of the Harvard T station, waiting for a Red Line train, hoping it’s a Braintree so I can get [End Page 17] a seat and won’t have to lose it at Park Street. Around me are others who, like me, work for the college, live somewhere else—although not many of them will be going as far as I will, 16 stops across town all the way to Quincy. Above me is Harvard itself—green, white, and red behind its ten-foot-high encircling wall. Flash back now, to New York City three years earlier, my first trip there, to the center of it all. I am more than a little bit drunk, and I am lying in the soggy dirt in a tree planter outside a liquor store off 13th Street. Flash back further: I am very small, in Billings, Montana, in front of a TV screen. Everything on TV is set in some city somewhere: New York, Chicago, Los Angeles are the whole TV universe. Occasionally somebody from where I am from pops up. There is an ad for PBS set in Two Dot—anyway it says, “Two Dot, Montana,” in small letters on the bottom of the screen when the ad comes on. Mountains. Hay. Cows. In the ad there are two cowboys. I know they are cowboys because they’re wearing hats like they do in Gunsmoke. They sit in some homespun diner, talking about physics, talking to the waitress about putting “rad-EEK-io” in the salads. I get it. They’ve been watching PBS. They’re not as dumb as they look. They both have southern accents. I don’t know anybody who talks like they do. But on TV everybody from the country has a southern accent, and everybody from Montana is from the country. Back in New York, my friends—I am there with friends, two guys and three girls, all of us down from Amherst for a weekend in the city—are trying to pull me out of the planter, and I’m resisting them, laughing at them. They are looking at me like I am out of my...

Line (geometry)

10.1353/fge.0.0040

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Microclimate, Photosynthesis and Growth of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). I. Microclimate and Photosynthesis

Annals of Botany (1979)

J. E. SHEEHY F. I. Woodward Mike Jones A. WINDRAM

Measurements of microclimate and photosynthesis of lucerne var. Europe were made in the field during the spring of 1976. The maximum rate of canopy gross photosynthesis (14.3 g CO 2 m −2 h −1 , I = ∞) was 2.5 times greater than that of S 24 perennial ryegrass at the same LAI. This difference was due to differences in individual leaf photosynthesis. The photosynthetic rate of the youngest fully expanded leaf of lucerne remained constant throughout the experimental period at 3.6 g CO 2 m −2 h −1 (300 W m −2 ). Measurements of soil water potential profiles indicated that lucerne extracted water from the soil to a depth of at least 800 mm, with a region of maximum uptake between 400 and 600 mm. This capability, with a moderate mean leaf resistance of 460 s m −1 , conferred a high assimilation efficiency on lucerne, with a mean water use efficiency of 34 g H 2 O lost per gram of carbohydrate assimilated, compared with 200 g H 2 O per gram of carbohydrate for S 24.

Microclimate

Medicago sativa

Water Use Efficiency

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085784

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Citations (11)

Technical Barriers to Trade in the European Union: Importance for Accession Countries

World Scientific Studies in International Economics (2014)

Paul Brenton J. E. SHEEHY Mark Vancauteren

With trade in industrial products between the EU and the CEECs now essentially free of tariff and non-tariff restrictions, the principal impact of accession to the EU on trade flows will be through access to the Single Market of the EU.A key element of this will be the removal of technical barriers to trade.In this paper we try and highlight the importance of technical barriers to trade between the EU and the various CEECs, distinguishing sectors according to the different approaches to the removal of these barriers in the EU: mutual recognition, detailed harmonisation (old approach) and minimum requirements (new approach).We utilise two sources of information on technical regulations: a sectoral classification from a previous study of the impact of the Single Market and our own detailed translation of EU product related directives into the relevant tariff codes.The analysis suggests that the importance of technical barriers varies considerably across the CEECs.The adjustment implications of access to the Single Market are likely to be greatest for those most advanced in their accession negotiations.

Accession

10.1142/9789814603386_0006

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Citations (5)

Nitrogen Fixation, Nodule Numbers Per Unit Ground Area and Bioenergetics

Annals of Botany (1988)

J. E. SHEEHY T. E. Holloway F. I. Woodward Ghislain Gosse

The utilization of dinitrogen by legumes is influenced by the genetic characteristics of both the plant and the Rhizobium resident in root nodules. The number of nodules required to meet the demand for nitrogen depends on the capacity of individual nodules to supply nitrogen and the availability of soil nitrogen. In this paper some simple equations are derived which enable the number of nodules per unit ground area to be calculated. Further calculations are made of nodule mass, specific nodule respiration and the work required to expand nodules against the impedance of the soil.

Nodule (geology)

Bioenergetics

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087689

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Citations (1)

Performance of a potential C4 rice: overview from quantum yield to grain yield**Citation: Sheehy JE, Mitchell PL, Hardy B. editors. 2000. Redesigning rice photosynthesis to increase yield. Proceedings of the Workshop on The Quest to Reduce Hunger: Redesigning Rice Photosynthesis, 30Nov.-3 Dec. 1999, Los Baños. Philippines. Makati City (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute and Amsterdam (The Netherlands): Elsevier Science B.V. 293 p.

Studies in plant science (2000)

Peter Mitchell J. E. SHEEHY

10.1016/s0928-3420(00)80012-9

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Citations (11)

Where They Came From: Voices of Reed College, 1920–1940

Oregon Historical Quarterly (2011)

J. E. SHEEHY

Portland's Reed College was launched in 1911 with an idiosyncratic educational model and the bold ambition of becoming the most intellectually demanding college in the country. By the 1920s and 1930s, it was sending the highest percentage of graduates on to earn advanced degrees and turning out the highest percentage of Rhodes Scholars in America. During those decades, roughly 80 percent of Reed's students were drawn from the Pacific Northwest, many of them first-generation college students from small towns and farms. John Sheehy draws from personal accounts collected in the Reed College Oral History Project, a twelve-year undertaking that interviewed more than fourteen hundred people, to showcase the backgrounds of some of those early graduates and to explore the qualities of Reed that attracted young freethinkers from around the region.

10.1353/ohq.2011.0069

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Microclimate, Photosynthesis and Growth of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). II. Canopy Structure and Growth

Annals of Botany (1979)

F. I. Woodward J. E. SHEEHY

The growth of lucerne var. Europe was examined in the field during 1976. The annual dry matter production of unirrigated lucerne during 1976, with no nitrogen fertilizer application, was 82.5 per cent greater than unirrigated S.24 perennial ryegrass, with a nitrogen application of 384 kg ha −1 . The mean above ground growth rate of lucerne was 7.3 g DM m −2 day −1 between March and early June, of which stem material contributed a maximum of 76.5 per cent. Significant losses of leaves and stems occurred from the end of April, indicating a loss of potential forage material. Nitrogen analyses of the above ground crop suggested that in 56 days lucerne yielded 10.7 per cent more nitrogen than did S.24 annually with a nitrogen fertilizer addition of 280 kg ha −1 . Between 13 and 57 per cent of the daily photosynthate is translocated below ground.

Medicago sativa

Microclimate

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085785

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Citations (14)

Radiation

Elsevier eBooks (1983)

F. I. Woodward J. E. SHEEHY

10.1016/b978-0-408-10637-5.50007-x

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Transpiration

CRC Press eBooks (2007)

J. E. SHEEHY L. H. Allen Joseph C.V. Vu

10.1201/noe0849396274.ch300

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