Yin Wan Ho

Universiti Putra Malaysia

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Norhani Abdullah

Universiti Putra Malaysia

S. Jalaludin

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Chin Chin Sieo

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Juan Boo Liang

Henan Agricultural University

Kalavathy Ramasamy

Universiti Teknologi MARA

Norazlin Abdullah

Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia

Carissa Wong

Universiti of Malaysia Sabah

Hui Yin Tan

Shandong University

Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi

Islamic Azad University, Mashhad

Wan Zuhainis Saad

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Cooperative Institutions

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Serdang Hospital

University of Malaya

Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute

Monash University Malaysia

National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia

National University of Malaysia

Management and Science University

Universiti Teknologi MARA

Universiti Sains Malaysia

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Effects of supplementing freeze‐dried Mitsuokella jalaludinii phytase on the growth performance and gut microbial diversity of broiler chickens

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition (2019)

Hooi Chia Tang Chin Chin Sieo Norhani Abdullah Chun Wie Chong Han Ming Gan

Abstract Inclusion of phytase in animal feedstuff is a common practice to enhance nutrients availability. However, little is known about the effects of phytase supplementation on the microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, freeze‐dried Mitsuokella jalaludinii phytase (MJ) was evaluated in a feeding trial with broilers fed a low available phosphorus (aP) diet. A total of 180 male broiler chicks (day‐old Cobb) were assigned into three dietary treatments: Control fed with 0.4% (w/w) of available phosphorus (aP); Group T1 fed low aP [0.2% (w/w)] supplemented with MJ; and T2 fed low aP and deactivated MJ. The source of readily available P, dicalcium phosphate (DCP), was removed from low aP diet, whereby additional limestone was provided to replace the amount of Ca normally found in DCP. For each treatment, 4 replicate pens were used, where each pen consisted of 15 animals. The animals' energy intake and caecal bacterial community were monitored weekly for up to 3 weeks. The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADDM) of broilers fed with different diets were determined. In addition, the caecal microbial diversities of broilers were assessed using high‐throughput next‐generation sequencing targeting the V3‐V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA. The results showed that broilers fed with T1 diet have better feed conversion ratio (FCR) when compared to the Control ( p < .05) and T2 diets ( p < .05), demonstrating the efficiency of MJ as a supplement to low aP diet. Nevertheless, MJ did not significantly affect the microbial population and diversity in broilers' caeca, which mainly consists of members from Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Regardless, significant variations in the caecal bacterial composition were observed over time, probably due to succession as the broilers aged. This is the first reported study on the effect of MJ on the microbial diversity of broiler's caeca.

Phytase

Caecum

Animal Feed

10.1111/jpn.13208

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Citations (3)

The role of rumen fungi in fiber digestion

Yin Wan Ho Norhani Abdullah

Since the anaerobic rumen fungi were discovered in the rumen of a sheep over two decades ago, they have been reported in a wide range of herbivores fed on high fibre diets. The extensive colonisation and degradation of fibrous plant tissues by the fungi suggest that they have a role in fibre digestion. All rumen fungi studied so far are fibrolytic. They produce a range of hydrolytic enzymes, which include the cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases and phenolic acid esterases, to enable them to invade and degrade the lignocellulosic plant tissues. Although rumen fungi may not seem to be essential to general rumen function since they may be absent in animals fed on low fibre diets, they, nevertheless, could contribute to the digestion of high-fibre poor-quality forages.

Digestion

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Citations (1)

Studies in fibre digestion and passage rate of liquid and solid in cattle and buffaloes

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (1991)

Norhani Abdullah Yin Wan Ho M. Mahyuddin S. Jalaludin

Rumen liquor characteristics and disappearance rate of dry matter were studied in Kedah-Kelantan cattle and swamp buffaloes fed grass of rice straw-based diet. Cobalt-EDTA and chromium mordented fibres prepared from the faecal material were used to determine the liquid and solid particles movement in both animal species fed with rice straw. Swamp buffaloes showed a more intense rumen fermentation activity than Kedah-Kelantan cattle when both species were fed straw-based diet. The buffaloes also demonstrated faster rates of grass and straw degradation in situ. The fluid outflow rate from the rumen of buffalo (1.06 0.19 1/h) was observed to be slower than that of cattle (1.55 0.01 1/h). No significant differences between cattle and buffaloes were observed in rumen fluid volume and passage rate of small particles from the rumen.

Rice straw

Digestion

Swamp

Silage

10.5713/ajas.1991.137

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Citations (3)

Studies on the intestinal microflora of chicken under tropical condition

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (1997)

Jin Li Yin Wan Ho Norhani Abdullah Hayami Kudo S. Jalaludin

Three media, i. e., MOD-SD, M98-5 and M98-5 supplemented with chicken fecal extract were tested as isolation media for anaerobic bacteria present in the duodenum, jeju-ileum and cecum of chicken. The results showed that the mean colony counts of medium M98-5 were similar with those of MOD-SD medium in all intestinal samples at the incubation periods of 2, 6 and 10 days. Supplementation with chicken fecal extract of M98-5 medium significantly increased (p < 0.05) the colony counts of bacteria from the duodenum, jeju-ileum and cecum. The colony counts at 6-day incubation were similar with those at 10-day incubation, but were much higher than the counts at 2-day incubation. The major types of bacteria found in the duodenum and jeju-ileum of chicken were tentatively identified as Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and E. coli. In the cecum, ten tentatively identified groups of bacteria, namely, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, E. coli, anaerobic coccus, Eubacterium, Propionibacterhtm, Clostridium, Fusobacterium and Bacteroides were isolated. Anaerobes were found to comprise nearly the entire microbial population of the cecum. Predominating in all sections of the intestine were homoferrnentative lactobacilli. The main Lactotacillus species in chicken intestine were L. acidophilus, L. fermentum and L. brevis.

Cecum

Eubacterium

Fusobacterium

10.5713/ajas.1997.495

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Citations (18)

Safety Assessment of Two New Lactobacillus Strains as Probiotic for Human Using a Rat Model

PLoS ONE (2016)

Parisa Shokryazdan Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi Juan Boo Liang Kalavathy Ramasamy Chin Chin Sieo

Two previously isolated Lactobacillus strains (L. fermentum HM3 from human milk and L. buchneri FD2 from fermented dates), intended as probiotic for human, were assessed for their safety using acute and subacute oral toxicity tests in rats. In addition, their effects on cecal microflora and harmful bacterial enzymes (β-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase) of the tested animals were also determined. The results showed that L. buchneri FD2, L. fermentum HM3, or a mixture of them were safe up to a level of 1010 CFU/kg BW/day in a 14-day or 28-day treatment period. Both strains were well tolerated and there were no observed adverse effects on growth, feed consumption, cellular blood components and vital organs of the treated animals. The Lactobacillus strains were also able to reduce harmful intestinal bacterial enzymes, and decrease pathogenic bacterial populations while increasing beneficial bacterial populations. These results suggest that the two Lactobacillus strains are safe and could be potential probiotic for human.

Lactobacillus fermentum

Lactobacillus buchneri

10.1371/journal.pone.0159851

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Citations (54)

Effects of condensed tannin fractions of different molecular weights on population and diversity of bovine rumen methanogenic archaea in vitro , as determined by high-throughput sequencing

Animal Feed Science and Technology (2016)

Mookiah Saminathan Chin Chin Sieo Han Ming Gan Norhani Abdullah Carissa Wong

Methanomicrobiales

Euryarchaeota

Methanogen

Fibrobacter succinogenes

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.04.005

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Citations (48)

Effect of enzyme treatment on chemical composition and production of reducing sugars in palm (Elaeis guineenis) kernel expeller

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY (2011)

J. B. Liang Yin Wan Ho Teck Chwen Loh Rosfarizan Mohamad

The primary objective of this study was to examine the effects of enzyme treatment on chemical compositions and production of reducing sugars in palm (Elaeis guineenis) kernel expeller (PKE). PKE was incubated in 80% water content at 55°C for 18 h with enzyme or without enzyme (as control). Crude protein (CP) and gross energy (GE) contents of PKE were not significantly different (P>0.05) between the control and enzyme treated PKE; averaged 17.95% for CP and 15.88 MJ/kg for GE. However, ether extract (EE) neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose and cellulose contents of enzyme treated PKE decreased (P<0.01) by approximately 34.6, 26, 20, 35.7 and 22.1%, respectively, compared with the control. Total content of reducing sugars (mannose, glucose and galactose) of the enzyme treated PKE increased by approximately 200 folds compared to the control (P<0.01). Enzyme treated PKE had higher (P<0.01) cellulase and mannanase activities but not α-galactosidase. Key word: Enzyme treated palm kernel expeller, chemical composition, reducing sugars, palm kernel expeller.

Palm kernel

Elaeis guineensis

10.5897/ajb11.1211

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Citations (27)

Effects of probiotic on fat deposition, serum lipids and cholesterol in broilers

Yin Wan Ho Ramasamy Kalavathy Norhani Abdullah Syed Jalaludin Syed Salim

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Use of feed ingredient for preparation of phytase producing bacteria, Mitsuokella jalaludinii

Houkuan Tang Chin Chin Sieo Rosfarizan Mohamad Yin Wan Ho