One of the most common complications of double eyelid operations is asymmetry. To reduce asymmetry, we fixed the dermis to the tarsal plate at the same level as the skin incision, and objectively evaluated the symmetry of the height using photogrammetry.Of 30 patients who had double eyelid operations by the intratarsal fixation technique, 15 patients completed a minimum follow-up of 6 months. After the skin incision and removal of the orbicularis oculi muscle and the orbital fat, the pretarsal fat pad was excised to expose the superior portion of the tarsal plate. The 3 fixation points were marked on the tarsal plate at the same level with the skin incision using a spreading caliper. The dermis was fixed to the marked points of the tarsal plate and the skin was closed.The height of the double eyelid was measured by clinical photography at 4 points when the eyes were opened and at 3 points when the eyes were closed. The height proportional index at each point was obtained by dividing the height of the left double eyelid by that of the right double eyelid. We compared each height proportional index with "1" to evaluate the symmetry of both double eyelids using a paired t test.The follow-up period was an average of 9.0 months. The mean height proportional indices were 0.97 (a), 0.96 (b), 0.98 (c), 1.08 (d), 0.97 (e), 1.02 (f), and 1.13 (g). According to a paired t test, the height of the left double eyelid was not different from that of the right double eyelid.Intratarsal fixation, along with other previously known methods, decreases asymmetric double eyelids.
Abstract Despite the aid of tissue expansion, the ideal design of random pattern flap is not always available in patients with extensive skin lesions. We investigated the effectiveness of surgical delay on expanded flaps in pediatric patients. Retrospective cohort study was performed on patients who underwent tissue expansion surgery for extensive skin lesions at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital. The surgical delay technique was employed for patients with unfavorable flap conditions related to location or transposition angles. The dimensions of skin lesions and flaps were measured based on medical photographs. Fifty patients underwent a total of 66 tissue expansion procedures (49 conventional procedures among 41 patients, 17 surgical delay procedures among 15 patients) from January 2016 to September 2019. Although flaps in the surgical delay group were more narrow-based ( p < 0.001), the partial flap loss rate and excised area-to-inflation amount ratio was comparable between the two groups ( p = 0.093 and p = 0.194, respectively). Viable flaps, excluding postoperative necrosis, in the surgical delay group were significantly more narrow-based in terms of the length-to-base width ratio and the area-to-base width ratio compared to conventional group ( p < 0.01, p < 0.01). Surgical delay can result in outcomes comparable to well-designed random flaps, even in disadvantageous conditions. Patients with large skin lesions but limited areas for expansion may benefit from surgical delay.
1013 Objectives We report here the synthesis of systematic derivatization of SB-13 by modifying its A-ring with various electron donating and electron withdrawing substituents, and its B-ring with varying size and polarity of N-substituents. Methods The stilbene derivatives (13-24) were successfully prepared by a Wadsworth-Emmons reaction. Also, to prepared the stilbene drivatives (25-44) were concerned about lipophilicity and polarity by sodium hydride, diethyl phosphates derivatives (1-12) and 4-(N-methyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl)benzaldehyde or 4-(N-methyl-N-2-cyanoethyl)benzaldehyde in THF at 80 °C for 5 h, giving with 20-48% yields. On the other hand, we could not prepared cyanoethyl group with 3’-or 4’-OCH3 and observed side products which were losing alkylsubstituted compounds (42-44). Results The synthesized stilbene derivatives were tested 32 compounds in synthetic Aβ40 agregates. Among them, four compounds showed over 6-fold increase at 30 μM concentrations of Aβ40 fibril. Compound 42, exhibited submicromolar dissociation constant (0.6 μM), which is superior than that of Thioflavin T (ThT: KD = 2.3 μM)—a conventional amyloid sensor. We further tested its applicability in the staining of amyloid plaques in AD-mouse brain sections. As compound 42 displays blue fluorescence, ThT (green) was used for complementary staining of amyloid plaques. Conclusions We prepared 32 new derivatives of the known β-amyloid plaques ligand, SB-13, and among them identified compound 42 with a sub-micromolar dissociation constant (0.6 μM) to Aβ40 aggregates. Compound 42 demonstrated its excellent capability of labeling Aβ aggregates in AD mouse brain with good colocalization with ThT. Based on their delicately high binding affinity to Aβ40 aggregates, these novel stilbene analogues may be good candidates for further modification for in vivo imaging probes by introducing PET or SPECT relevant isotopes
Objective: The aim of this study is to suggest ergonomic vehicle design method through optimization of driver’s space about various driver body types (tall, middle, short) Background: Recently, many drivers consistently demand ergonomic factors as well as driving performance when they choose their vehicle. So, there have been a lot of efforts to improve habitability and comfortability through optimizing vehicle interior in advanced design stage. Method: The procedure of this study is as follows. (1)VOC: Driver’s needs of vehicle interior system are collected to select the factors which determine driving posture. (2)QFD: The VOC is converted to engineering words to optimize driving posture in QFD stage. (3)Pugh: The pugh matrix is used to determine optimal concept based on the priority about vehicle interior items. (4)Robust Design: The robust design method is used to select the most compromised group of design factors to minimize discomfort level that is simulated by RAMSIS. And vehicle interior items are optimized to satisfy various body types in this process. Results: The result of optimization from robust design satisfy DFSS target except extremely tall body type (German man 95percentile). Conclusion: It is reasonable to use DFSS in package design stage for ergonomic vehicle. Application: The results of the vehicle design considering driver’s body types can help to determine composition of vehicle interior systems and develop new vehicle.
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