Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 57.1% of students used vitamin C. Everyone's behavior/actions in using vitamin C are different. This is influenced by several factors, one of which is knowledge. Objective: Knowing the differences in the level of knowledge and the different levels of behavior in using vitamin C supplements and the correlation between knowledge and behavior in using vitamin C supplements among health and non-health students in Central Java. Methods: Cross sectional analytic research using a questionnaire with purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square difference test and Rank Spearman correlation test. Results: The level of knowledge of health students related to vitamin C was in the good category (75%) and non-health students was in the sufficient category (42%). The behavior level of health students related to the use of vitamin C was in the good category (83.3%) and non-health students was in the poor category (58%). Chi-Square test showed that there were differences in the level of knowledge and behavior in using vitamin C between health students and non-health students with a p value = 0.000. There was a correlation between knowledge and the behavior of using vitamin C with a p value = 0.000. The Spearman correlation coefficient (r) obtained was 0.612. Conclusion: There were differences in the level of knowledge and different levels of behavior between health students and non-health students. There was a correlation between knowledge and behavior in using vitamin C supplements among health and non-health students in Central Java.
ABSTRAK Di Indonesia, penyakit sistem respirasi adalah kasus terbanyak penyakit akibat kerja , yang khususnya diakibatkan papar an volatile organic compound (VOC) selama bekerja di pabrik tekstil. Pengaruh paparan VOC terhadap kadar i mmunoglobulin A (IgA) dan waktu transpor mukosiliar hidung ( TMSH ) belum diketahui. Studi ini bertujuan m engetahui perbedaan kadar IgA dan waktu TMSH pekerja pabrik tekstil di area dyeing (pencelupan warna) dan non-dyeing . Studi observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional di PT Apac Inti Corpora Bawen Semarang, melibatkan masing-masing 11 pekerja laki-laki di area dyeing dan non-dyeing yang telah bekerja lebih 5 tahun. Pengukuran kadar Ig A dengan ELISA dari sampel nasal wash , dan w aktu TMSH diukur dengan menggunakan uji sakarin. Normalitas data diuji dengan Saphiro-Wilk. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Rata-rata kadar IgA di area dyeing dan non-dyeing adalah 59 , 58±0 , 91 dan 58 , 87±0 , 57, atau tidak berbeda bermakna ( P =0 , 557). Rata-rata waktu TMSH di area dyeing dan non-dyeing adalah 1141 , 45±368 , 08 dan 1004 , 64±717 , 28 detik , juga tidak berbeda bermakna ( P =0.148). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa kadar IgA dan waktu TMSH pada pekerja pabrik tekstil di area dyeing dan nondyeing tidak berbeda . Kata Kunci : Pekerja Pabrik Tekstil, Kadar Iga, Waktu TMSH A BSTRACT In Indonesia, respiratory system diseases are the most common occupational diseases, which are mainly caused by exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) while working in textile factories. The effect of VOC exposure on immunoglobulin A and N asal Mucociliary Clearance Times (NMCT) is unknown. The purpose of this study was k nowing the difference in Ig A levels and NMCT in the dyeing and non-dyeing areas of textile factory workers. This is an observational study with cross sectional design , conducted at PT. Apac Inti Corpora, Bawen, Semarang. Each 11 workers in dyeing and n on-dyeing area s were measured their NMCT using saccharin test , as well as IgA by ELISA method of their nasal wash . Normality of the data was tested by the Shapiro-Wilk. Data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test. The mean IgA level on dyeing and non-dyeing workers were 59.58±0.91 dan 58.87±0.57, whereas there no significant difference ( P =0.557). The mean NMCT on dyeing and non-dyeing workers were 1141.45±368.08 and 1004.64±717.28, whereas there no significant difference ( P =0.148). It would be concluded that t here was no difference of IgA level and NMCT on dyeing and non-dyeing workers. Keyword s : T extile Workers, Iga Level, NMCT
Along with the rapid development of herbal medicine formulas, an appropriate drug delivery system is needed to increase its bioavailability. One of them was used the phytosome. As a delivery system, it was known to be able to increase the bioavailability of phytomedicine by increasing the permeability of herbal compounds on cell membranes so the absorption of the compound will be increased. In its development, the phytosome formula was effective for delivering cytotoxic agent compounds, such as quercetin, diosgenin, icariin, tocopherol, and others. Besides, some of these formulas have also been commercialized and patented. The effectiveness and ease of manufacture have made phytosomes a promising drug delivery system in the development of cytotoxic drugs.
Patient adherence during the treatment period must be considered because patient adherence plays an important role in achieving therapeutic success, especially for chronic diseases. Treatment non-adherence is a common and complex problem. Failure to follow a treatment schedule can lead to major health complications, including death. Several interventions are needed to control patient non-adherence. Several interventions can support and improve patient adherence. These include digital interventions, increasing patient knowledge and understanding of the treatment undertaken with counseling, and Drug Information Services (PIO). They provide educational leaflets, digital pillbox reminders, Pill Cards; family support; diaries; keeping treatment commitments. Based on this, it is necessary to have an intervention method in terms of education (educational), behavior (behavior), and attitude (affective) to achieve patient adherence and the success of chronic disease therapy.
Keywords: Non-adherence; treatment; chronic disease control; medication; patient care
Chronic disease is a long term disease. Treatment performed by patients is also routine and continuous to achieve therapeutic success as well as to avoid complications that can be occurred. Adherence is an important factor to reduce complications of chronic disease. There are some efforts that need to do to increase compliance, such as providing information about drug usage from health providers. The use of technology can also be an option as a facility to increase compliance, such as using audiovisual media as an additional means of providing information and short message services or a mobile application for medication reminders on smartphones. This article provides an overview of the role of technology in increasing adherence to patients especially those who are suffering from chronic disease. This article is based on a literature study from some literature or research results. The reviewed literature shows that the use of video in providing information about drugs, sending short messages, and the use of mobile medication reminders to take medication has an effect on increasing adherence significantly in chronic disease patients. The use of technology is effective and efficient in increasing adherence of chronic disease patients.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common condition in Central Java. Irrational use of drugs can cause various problems, including increased disease morbidity and mortality rates, wasted health costs, and the emergence of undesirable effects. Therefore, this study was necessary to assess the rationality of the treatment. The aim was to describe the rationality of OHAs treatment and to achieve therapy targets, and to understand the relationship between OHA treatment rationality and therapy target achievement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at primary health care in Wirosari District, Grobogan Regency. An analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design, purposive sampling, and chi-square test to establish relationships between variables. The rationale for treating OHAs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at primary health care in Wirosari District, Grobogan Regency, is 47.67% rational and 52.33% irrational. Among the samples, 26.7% reached the therapeutic target, whereas 73.3% did not. The rationality of treating OHAs and achieving therapeutic targets was interconnected (p=0.014). Keywords: HbA1C, rational treatment, therapeutic target, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Hipertensi telah menyerang masyarakat Indonesia berusia 18 tahun ke atas sebesar 25,8% pada tahun 2013 dan meningkat menjadi 34,1% pada tahun 2018. Layanan informasi tentang obat pada pasien hipertensi penting untuk dilakukan, tetapi realisasinya menunjukkan bahwa layanan informasi obat belum diberikan secara lengkap kepada pasien di Puskesmas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kepuasan layanan informasi obat terhadap kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Pandanaran dan Puskesmas Kedungmundu Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik, dengan desain cross sectional secara prospektif. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 100 pasien hipertensi berusia 18-60 tahun yang mendapatkan layanan informasi obat. Analisis tingkat kepuasan pasien digambarkan dalam diagram kartesius. Uji normalitas menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-sirnov dan uji statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman’s rho. Hasil analisis tingkat kepuasan pasien didapatkan mayoritas pasien puas terhadap pelayanan di puskesmas tapi ada beberapa item pelayanan yang menjadi prioritas untuk diperbaiki yaitu pada segi ruangan untuk pelayanan informasi obat, informasi obat disampaikan lebih lengkap dan adanya jaminan jika terjadi kesalahan dalam pelayanan informasi obat. Hasil analisis kualitas hidup pasien termasuk kategori baik. Hasil uji korelasi didapatkan nilai signifikansi dengan Spearman’s rho yaitu 0,556 yang menyatakan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kepuasan layanan informasi obat dengan kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi.
Backgrounds: Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus are interrelated diseases and have a strong predisposition to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. BPJS Kesehatan states that the cost of hypertension services has increased every year, indicating the need to control costs through pharmacoeconomic studies. One method that can be used is cost-effectiveness analysis. Find out the effective drugs in terms of cost and therapy. Aim: To determine the cost-effectiveness of Captopril and Amlodipine for hypertensive patients with co-morbidities of diabetes mellitus at the Magelang District Health Center. Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively with medical record data for 2019-2020. The sample in this study was 35 with 15 groups of 10 mg/day amlodipine and 20 groups of 25 mg/day captopril. The outcome assessed was the number of patients who achieved the therapeutic target for 1 month using the drug. Results: The percentage of therapeutic effectiveness of amlodipine 10 mg/day was 86,7% while captopril 25 mg was 60%. The average direct medical cost of the amlodipine 10 mg/day is Rp10.429,30 greater than captopril 25 mg/day, which is Rp7.298,80. The ACER value of amlodipine 10 mg/day was Rp. 12.023,00 and captopril 25 mg/day was Rp. 12.164,00. Calculation of ICER value of the average direct medical cost of the 10 mg/day amlodipine group is Rp10.423,93 greater than captopril 25 mg/day, which is Rp7.298,80. Conclusion : Amlodipine is more cost-effective than captopril with an ACER value of RP. 12.023,00.
Background:Inappropriate use of drugs is a big problem all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic causes people to be easily influenced by information circulating about drugs that are efficacious to ward off COVID-19 so that many people consume excess drugs to protect themselves from COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused people to take health supplements to protect themselves from COVID-19.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence drug use during the COVID pandemic.Methods:This research was an observational study with a cross sectional design. Sample was 115 respondents chosen by purposive sampling. Bivariate statistical test used was chi-square and multivariate test used was binary logistic regression. Results:Bivariate analysis result showed that age and distance from health care service did not significantly affect the drug use (p value > 0,05). Education, occupation, income, knowledge were significantly influence the drug use (p value < 0,05). In the multivariate analysis, the OR for education was 4,807, OR for occupation was 4,612, OR for income was 0.146. OR for knowledge 3,400.Conclusion:It can be concluded that the factors that significantly affect the use of drugs in the household environment of the Kota Sub-District Kudus Regency during the COVID-19 pandemic are occupation, education, income and knowledge
Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) is one of Indonesian plant used for traditional medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of Parijoto on T47D cells. Therefore, we intended to know the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of these fractions in 4T1 cell line (a Mus musculus mammary carcinoma). This cancer causes the greatest number of cancer-related deaths This study also investigated the correlation between antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Parijoto fractions. Discovering the type of correlation between antioxidant and anticancer activity of botanical extracts could relieve in screening for cytotoxic agent from natural products. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity investigated using the Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay methods. The result showed that ethyl acetate fraction is the higher antioxidant activity (IC50:1.77 μg/mL) and the higher cytotoxicity (IC50:133.57 μg/mL). There was a strong positive correlation (correlation coefficient=0.957) between antioxidant and cytotoxic activity in 4T1 cell line, but the correlation was not significant (p=0.188).Keywords: Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume), antioxidant, cytotoxic, 4T1 cell line.
