BACKGROUND: Lung disease is the most common cause of death in the world. The last stage of pulmonary diseases is lung transplantation. Limitation and shortage of donor organs cause to appear tissue engineering field. Decellularization is a hope for producing intact ECM in the development of engineered organs.AIM: The goal of the decellularization process is to remove cellular and nuclear material while retaining lung three-dimensional and molecular proteins. Different concentration of detergents was used for finding the best approach in lung decellularization.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, three-time approaches (24, 48 and 96 h) with four detergents (CHAPS, SDS, SDC and Triton X-100) were used for decellularizing rat lungs for maintaining of three-dimensional lung architecture and ECM protein composition which have significant roles in differentiation and migration of stem cells This comparative study determined that variable decellularization approaches can cause significantly different effects on decellularized lungs.RESULTS: Results showed that destruction was increased with increasing the detergent concentration. Single detergent showed a significant reduction in maintaining of three-dimensional of lung and ECM proteins (Collagen and Elastin). But, the best methods were mixed detergents of SDC and CHAPS in low concentration in 48 and 96 h decellularization.CONCLUSION: Decellularized lung tissue can be used in the laboratory to study various aspects of pulmonary biology and physiology and also, these results can be used in the continued improvement of engineered lung tissue.
Context: Clinical research is an interdisciplinary project which has been given a high priority by health organizations. Because of its complexity and importance, most of health system authorities have supported the using of project management knowledge and skills in performance of health and clinical researches. Evidence Acquisition: Establishing portfolio management within a project management office can help investigators with the performance of their research projects and increasing efficiency of research projects by centralizing and consolidating. Results: PMO and its counterparts for instance, clinical trial office and office for good clinical practice can play an important role in the best performance of clinical and health research projects. Conclusions: In this study we will describe the crucial role of project management and also project management office in clinical research projects.
Introduction: Due to widespread penetration of UV radiation in human life, the biological effect of UV radiation is studied through many investigations in the field of medicine. There are many assessments about UV radiation which are concerned with protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. In the present study, a network analysis associated with the complementary evaluation of UV radiation on human primary melanocytes is presented. Methods: The gene expression profiles of the irradiated human primary melanocytes and the control cells were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and were evaluated via PPI network analysis and action map assessment. Results: 69 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were included in the main component of the PPI network. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), SNAI1, and SOCS1 were highlighted as the top dysregulated and hub genes. Results indicate that BDNF and SNAI1 participate in the regulatory unit including the total hubs and top dysregulated genes. Conclusion: Considerable down-regulation of BDNF and up-regulation of SNAI1 as the two critical targeted genes by UV radiation are accompanied by gross alteration in cell functions.
Understanding the molecular mechanism of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) effects on the human body is the subject of many research studies. Several aspects of cell function such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis are affected by LDIR. Detection of the main biological process that is targeted by LIDR via network analysis is the main aim of this study.
Background Identification of metabolomics profile in subjects with different blood pressure, including normal blood pressure, elevated blood pressure, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension, would be a promising strategy to understand the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate the association of plasma acylcarnitines and amino acids with hypertension in a large Iranian population. Methods 1200 randomly selected subjects from the national survey on the Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases in Iran (STEPs 2016) were divided into four groups based on the ACC/AHA hypertension criteria: normal blood pressure (n = 293), elevated blood pressure (n = 135), stage 1 hypertension (n = 325), and stage 2 hypertension (n = 447). Plasma concentrations of 30 acylcarnitines and 20 amino acids were measured using a targeted approach with flow-injection tandem mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the association between metabolites level and the risk of hypertension. Age, sex, BMI, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, use of oral glucose-lowering drugs, statins, and antihypertensive drugs were adjusted in regression analysis. Results Of 50 metabolites, 34 were associated with an increased likelihood of stage 2 hypertension and 5 with a decreased likelihood of stage 2 hypertension. After full adjustment for potential confounders, 5 metabolites were still significant risk markers for stage 2 hypertension including C0 (OR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.63, 0.90), C12 (OR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.00, 1.40), C14:1 (OR = 1.20; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.42), C14:2 (OR = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.41), and glycine (OR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.68, 0.96). An index that included glycine and serine also showed significant predictive value for stage 2 hypertension after full adjustment (OR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.75, 0.98). Conclusions Five metabolites were identified as potentially valuable predictors of stage 2 hypertension.
Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemical treatment that involves the use of light and photosensitizer. This method is applied as a therapeutic approach against several types of cancer. The main aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of PDT with that of cisplatin (a well-known chemotherapy agent) through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Methods: Gene expression profiles of human melanoma A375 cells from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were selected for analysis via directed PPI network analysis. The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and assessed based on co-expression interactions. The critical DEGs were introduced by considering out-degree and in-degree values. Results: Two directed PPI networks for upregulated and downregulated DEGs were constructed. TP53 was identified as a critical upregulated gene in response to cisplatin in comparison with PDT. EGFR, PPARG, MMP9, PTGS2, FOXO1, and RUNX2 were highlighted as the crucial downregulated genes due to the effect of cisplatin on the gene expression of the treated cells. Conclusion: Cisplatin directly targets key cellular functions such as cell growth, differentiation, migration, and invasion. It seems that the combination of cisplatin and PDT is a suitable method for treating cancers because cisplatin targets the key genes responsible for cancer development, while PDT intensifies the effect of cisplatin and reduces its side effects.
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