We herein report a typical case of alopecia neoplastica secondary to breast cancer. Alopecia neoplastica is a rare form of alopecia resulting from metastasis of a primary tumour to the scalp and is often misdiagnosed as alopecia areata.
Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monotherapy is one of the standard systemic therapies for advanced melanoma; however, the efficacy of salvage systemic therapies after PD-1 monotherapy failure (PD-1 MF), particularly in acral melanoma (AM), the main clinical melanoma type in Japanese patients, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of salvage systemic therapies in Japanese patients with AM after PD-1 MF.The study included 108 patients with advanced AM (palm and sole, 72; nail apparatus, 36) who underwent salvage systemic therapy at 24 Japanese institutions. We mainly assessed the objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).Thirty-six (33%) patients received ipilimumab, 23 (21%) received nivolumab and ipilimumab (nivo/ipi), 10 (9%) received cytotoxic chemotherapy, 4 (4%) received BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi), and the remaining 35 (32%) continued with PD-1 monotherapy after disease progression. The ORRs in the ipilimumab, nivo/ipi, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and BRAFi/MEKi groups were 8, 17, 0, and 100%, respectively. The nivo/ipi group showed the longest OS (median, 18.9 months); however, differences in ORR, PFS, and OS between the groups were insignificant. The OS in the nivo/ipi group was higher in the palm and sole groups than in the nail apparatus group (median: not reached vs. 8.7 months, p < 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that nail apparatus melanoma independently predicted unfavorable PFS and OS (p = 0.006 and 0.001). The total OS (from PD-1 monotherapy initiation to death/last follow-up) was insignificant between the groups.Nivo/ipi was not more effective than cytotoxic chemotherapy and ipilimumab after PD-1 MF in patients with advanced AM. The prognosis after PD-1 MF would be poorer for nail apparatus melanoma than for palm and sole melanoma.
Journal Article Accepted manuscript Dermatologist's role in managing cutaneous adverse events of anticancer drugs: A retrospective analysis of 538 hospital dermatology consultations in Japan Get access Shohei Kitayama, Shohei Kitayama Division of Dermatology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan Corresponding author: Shohei Kitayama, MD, E-mail: kshohei@med.u-toyama.ac.jp https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7786-8997 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koji Katsuumi, Koji Katsuumi Division of Dermatology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sumiko Takatsuka, Sumiko Takatsuka Division of Dermatology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tadamichi Shimizu, Tadamichi Shimizu Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tatsuya Takenouchi Tatsuya Takenouchi Division of Dermatology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, llae407, https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llae407 Published: 07 October 2024 Article history Received: 15 April 2024 Revision received: 14 August 2024 Accepted: 05 October 2024 Published: 07 October 2024
An experimental Helicobacter pylori infection in miniature pigs was developed and investigated. Eighteen miniature pigs were inoculated with an H. pylori strain that has high virulence in mice at c. 5×1010cfu. H. pylori infection in miniature pigs was achieved by the administration of agar 1% in brucella broth with fetal bovine serum 10% just before inoculation. The bacterial colonisation and distribution were analysed by mapping of viable cell counts in the stomach in pigs of three different ages. The mapping assay was achieved on post-infection day 3 for the 5-day-old and 2-week-old pigs, and between days 41 and 43 for 3-month-old pigs. The highest cell counts were observed in 5-day-old pigs, which averaged 4.9×1065mucfu/g of mucosa (n=4). The bacteria were colonised mainly in the cardiac and fundus gland region in the 5-day-old and 2-week-old pigs, whereas the colonisation sites did not depend on the region in the 3-month-old pigs. Biopsy assay of the antral mucosa of a 3-month-old pig after H. pylori infection showed that this infection persisted for >22 months. Serum antibody against H. pylori was detected in the infected pigs but not in the uninfected animal. Immunostaining demonstrated the presence of bacteria on the epithelial surface of the infected pigs. A microscopic finding common to all the infected pigs, focal gastritis with infiltration of lymphocytes detected on the lesser curvature of the stomach, resembled the microscopic appearance in H. pylori-infected human patients. These results suggest that miniature pigs might be a suitable model for studying H. pylori infection.
