Introduction This study aimed to investigate the possible associations between problematic smartphone use and brain functions in terms of both static and dynamic functional connectivity patterns. Materials and methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were scanned from 53 young healthy adults, all of whom completed the Short Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) to assess their problematic smartphone use severity. Both static and dynamic functional brain network measures were evaluated for each participant. The brain network measures were correlated the SAS-SV scores, and compared between participants with and without a problematic smartphone use after adjusting for sex, age, education, and head motion. Results Two participants were excluded because of excessive head motion, and 56.9% (29/51) of the final analyzed participants were found to have a problematic smartphone use (SAS-SV scores ≥ 31 for males and ≥ 33 for females, as proposed in prior research). At the global network level, the SAS-SV score was found to be significantly positively correlated with the global efficiency and local efficiency of static brain networks, and negatively correlated with the temporal variability using the dynamic brain network model. Large-scale subnetwork analyses indicated that a higher SAS-SV score was significantly associated with higher strengths of static functional connectivity within the frontoparietal and cinguloopercular subnetworks, as well as a lower temporal variability of dynamic functional connectivity patterns within the attention subnetwork. However, no significant differences were found when directly comparing between the groups of participants with and without a problematic smartphone use. Conclusion Our results suggested that problematic smartphone use is associated with differences in both the static and dynamic brain network organizations in young adults. These findings may help to identify at-risk population for smartphone addiction and guide targeted interventions for further research. Nevertheless, it might be necessary to confirm our findings in a larger sample, and to investigate if a more applicable SAS-SV cutoff point is required for defining problematic smartphone use in young Chinese adults nowadays.
To investigate the clinical benefits of transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy compared with intravenous chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).From May 2013 to March 2018, 83 patients (50 men and 33 women) with surgically proven CRC were retrospectively included. Before surgery, 62 patients received conventional systemic chemotherapy, and 21 transcatheter arterial chemotherapy. Basic characteristics, disease control rate (DC), adverse reactions, postoperative complications, and toxicity profiles were collected and compared between the 2 groups.The sigmoid colon (43.37%) was the most common primary tumor location, and the least was the transverse colon (6.02%). Most lesions invaded the subserosa or other structures T3-4 (78.31%), and other lesions invaded the muscular layer T1-2 (21. 69%). The overall DC was 80.65% in the intravenous chemotherapy group and 90.48% in the arterial chemotherapy group (P < .05). Adverse events included myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal liver function, and neurotoxicity, which were significantly less common in the intra-arterial group than in the intravenous group (P < .05). Postoperative complications included abdominal infection (11.29% vs 14.29%), intestinal obstruction (6.45% vs 4.76%), anastomotic bleeding (1.61% vs 0.00%), and anastomotic fistula (6.45% vs 4.76%) in the intravenous and intra-arterial groups, respectively (P > .05).Preoperative transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy is a safe and effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy measure for CRC with fewer adverse reactions and a higher overall DC.
We propose to intensify the training of high-level medical imaging technicians to adapt to requirements of the medical imaging technological development in general hospital. With the rapid develop-ment of economy, the medical treatment technique progresses rapidly. Hospitals have introduced from a-broad more and more advanced imaging equipment. However, the clinical application and development of these new techniques are limited by the low level of education, low academic and outdated knowledge struc-ture of majority video technicians and the deficiency of high-level medical imaging technicians. The paper analyzes the cultivating status, the situation and the countermeasures for cultivating the medical imaging technicians. Therefore, it is urgent to train qualified professional medical imaging technicians who have broad discipline knowledge, solid foundation, high quality and strong ability.
Key words:
Medical imaging technicians; Cultivation of talents; Countermeasures; Thought
Abstract Purpose To investigate the changes to diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) correlated with histopathology after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Materials and Methods Thirty-three patients with LACC were examined with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. MRIs were performed for each patient at three timepoints: before the first NACT, 2 weeks after the first NACT, and 2 weeks after the second NACT. Uterine cervical specimens were collected at the same timepoints. Specimens were stained for tumor cell density, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and aquaporin 1 (AQP1). Treatment responses were classified as the effective group (complete and partial response) and the ineffective group (stable and progressive disease). Results The ADC value of the effective group after the first chemotherapy was higher than that before chemotherapy (P = 0.002), and expressions of three pathological indicators (tumor cell density, PCNA, and AQP1) significantly decreased after the first NACT compared with those prechemotherapy (P < 0.001). Changes of PCNA expression were negatively correlated with changes of ADC values after the first NACT in the effective group (r = –0.56, P = 0.03). Changes of cellular density were negatively correlated with changes of ADC values from the time of prechemotherapy to after the second NACT in the effective group (r = –0.51, P = 0.04). Conclusion The ADC change after successful chemotherapy is closely related with cellular characteristics preceding size reduction. ADC may be used as an early imaging biomarker of NACT response in LACC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:427–435.
Abstract Background We assessed the image quality of endometrial cancer lesions by readout segmentation of long variable echo-trains (RESOLVE) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) compared with that by single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI) DWI, aimed to explore the value of RESOLVE DWI for determining myometrial invasion and clinical stage in endometrial cancer. Materials and methods From April 2017 to March 2018, a total of 30 endometrial cancer patients (mean age 52.8 ± 9.0 years), who had undergone RESOLVE DWI and SS-EPI DWI, were included in the study. The image quality of endometrial carcinoma by two kinds of DWI scanning methods was compared qualitatively and quantitatively. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to assess the correlation of qualitative image quality scores between two readers. The accuracy of two DWI methods in detecting myometrial invasion and staging of endometrial carcinoma was calculated according to postoperative pathological results. The indexes were analyzed including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results The qualitative score of RESOLVE DWI group was superior to SS-EPI DWI group in every aspect of five aspects (all P < 0.001). Interobserver agreement of depiction was good or excellent in two DWI sequences. Signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio values in RESOLVE DWI group were both higher than those in SS-EPI DWI group ( P <0.001). No statistical difference of apparent diffusion coefficient value was observed between two DWI groups ( P = 0.261). The specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of estimating myometrial invasion by RESOLVE DWI in three cases (intramucosal lesion, <50% superficial invasion and ≥ 50% deep invasion) were all higher than those by SS-EPI DWI for endometrial carcinoma. Especially RESOLVE DWI was valuable in judging <50% superficial invasion (95%CI:0.586, 0.970). No significant difference in accuracy staging was between the two DWI groups ( P = 0.125). Conclusion RESOLVE DWI can provide higher quality images of endometrial carcinoma than SS-EPI DWI. The high-quality images are helpful for precise assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer.
Objective To investigate the value of MR perfusion imaging in early detection of findings following arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma Methods Twenty eight consecutive patients with pathologically-confirmed HCC were evaluated. All patients underwent MR perfusion imaging at pre-TACE and 3 to 10 days after TACE. The negative enhancement integral (NEI) ,the time to peak(TTP) ,the maximum slope of decrease (MSD) , the signal enhance ratio (SER) were acquired from MRI software FuncTool 2. 5.36a Version. Statistical analysis using SPSS 14, least significant difference test (t test) were utilized. Results The time intensive curve of tumor was observed to descend rapidly to reach the peak at pre-TACE studies, whereas it descended slowly to reach the peak on post TACE studies. The Value of TTP and SER prior to TACE were(51.2 ± 10. 3) s, 60. 6 ± 36. 3 respectively, and post TACE (43.7 ± 12. 0)s, 41.2 ±27. 5 respectively. The values of TTP and SER post TACE were lower than those prior to TACE (P ＜ 0. 05). The value of NEI prior to TACE was 108.7 ± 58.9, and after TACE 149. 6 ±80. 1 and there was statistically significant difference (P ＜0. 05). The Value of MSD post TACE were lower than those prior to TACE, but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion PWI is a very sensitive imaging technique that can be used to monitor early dynamic changes of HCC following TACE.
Key words:
Liver neoplasms; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiology,interventional
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) measurement of liver metabolism in intrauterine growth restriction rats has seldom been reported. This study investigated the application of 1H-MRS in assessing liver metabolism in newborn pups that experienced intrauterine growth restriction.Intra-uterine growth restriction was established by feeding rats low-protein diets during pregnancy. Newborn pups received conventional magnetic resonance imaging and 1H-MRS using a 3.0T whole body MR scanner at 3, 8 and 12 weeks post birth.The success rate of 1H-MRS was 83.33%. Significantly lower body weight, BMI and body length at 3 weeks as well as significantly lower body weight, BMI and waist circumference at 8 and 12 weeks were observed in newborn pups of IUGR rats compared with pups of control rats. Significant differences in ACho/H2O, ACr/H2O, AGlx/H2O and ALipid/H2O at 3 and 8 weeks as well as significant differences in ACr/H2O, ALipid/H2O and AGlx/H2O at 12 weeks were observed between pups of control rats and pups of IUGR rats.1H-MRS allows noninvasive assessment of liver metabolism in the rat and demonstrated the poor liver development of rats that experienced IUGR.
To explore the diagnostic value of the 3.0T magnetic resonance liver diffusion weighted imaging with background suppression (DWIBS) in liver foci of space occupying lesion.A total of 43 cases of liver bureau stove perch pathological change were included: 15 were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with 24 lesions; 7 were liver metastatic tumor with 13 lesions; 10 were liver hemangioma with 12 lesions; and 11 liver cyst with 20 lesions. After taking the conventional T1WI and T2WI sequence, the magnetic resonance background suppression diffusion imaging technology (diffusion weighted imaging with background suppression, DWIBS) was applied, following the dynamic enhanced scan. With the MRI to DWIBS workstation for classifying positron emission computed tomography (PET) processing, the T2WI diagram and dynamic enhanced diagram were compared respectively for the 3 sequences of lesion detection rate, T2WI, and DWIBS, to enhance the delay time between the two joint and combined lesion detection rate. With the MRI workstation software scanning image generation ADC diagram, the ADC values were measured for liver cancer, liver metastatic tumor, liver hemangioma and liver cysts.The 3 sequences of detection rates of the T2WI, DWIBS and enhanced delay period T1WI were 91.3%, 94.2%, and 95.6%. The detection rate of DWIBS plus T2WI was 92.7%; that of T2WI plus enhanced delay time was 94.9%, and that of DWIBS plus enhanced delay time was 96.3%, with the rate of DWIBS plus enhanced delay period obviously higher than that of the DWIBS plus T2WI (P<0.05). The ADC value of the benign liver tumor was obviously higher than that of the malignant tumors: hepatic cyst (2.614 ± 0.57)×10⁻³ mm²/s, liver hemangioma (2.055 ± 0.21)×10⁻³ mm²/s, metastatic carcinoma (1.374 ± 0.32)× 10⁻³ mm²/s, and liver cancer (1.287 ± 0.14)×10⁻³ mm²/s. Except for the liver cancer and the liver metastatic tumor, there was significant difference between the other groups (P<0.05).Combing the DWIBS technology, the PET-like images and the ADC value acquired, the combined enhanced sequences could further facilitate the demonstration of the liver foci of space occupying lesion, the accuracy of identification and diagnosis of the liver foci of space occupying lesion.
【Objective】To discuss the application of digital gastrointestinal machine to the photography of the whole spine. 【Methods】Spinal-wide stitching and angle measurement were made in 30 cases of idiopathic scoliosis patients. 【Results】Anteroposteriorandlateralradiographsofthewholespineweretakenin30casesincluding12casesoftho-racic scoliosis,11 cases of lumbar scoliosis,7 cases of joint thoracolumbar scoliosis in which 4 cases had vertebral de-formity. 【Conclusion】The digital gastrointestinal machine can provide an image of the entire spine through continous exposure with clear and intuitive pictures. Its specialized software can make the measurements more accurate. It con-tributes to the pre-operative examination and assessment of scoliosis,as well as standardization of orthopedic forecast.
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate whether magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) both in the sagittal and axial planes could be used to assess the response of LACC to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods Thirty women with LACC received conventional magnetic resonance imaging and DWI at 3 different times (before NACT, 2 weeks after the first NACT, and 2 weeks after the second NACT). Treatment response was determined according to the change in tumor size 2 weeks after the second NACT, and they were classified as the effective group and the ineffective group. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were compared between 2 imaging planes, and dynamic changes in ADCs were observed in different chemotherapy-sensitive groups and imaging planes. One-way analysis of variance was calculated between those ADC parameters and tumor response. Results The effective chemotherapy rate was 76.67%. Apparent diffusion coefficient values of the axial plane at 3 different times were 0.88 (SD, 0.08) × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, 0.96 (SD, 0.10) × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, and 1.19 (SD, 0.11) × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, respectively. Meanwhile, ADC values of the sagittal planes were 0.89 (SD, 0.09) × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, 0.97 (SD, 0.12) × 10 −3 mm 2 /s, and 1.19 (SD, 0.12) × 10 −3 mm 2 /s at 3 different stages. There were no statistical differences between the ADC values of the 2 planes at 3 different times ( P = 0.927, P = 0.863, P = 0.946). Apparent diffusion coefficients 2 weeks after the first NACT were significantly increased compared with those before chemotherapy both in the axial and sagittal planes ( P = 0.003, P = 0.012). In the ineffective group, ADCs 2 weeks after the first NACT were not statistically higher than those before chemotherapy (axial planes, P = 0.694; sagittal planes, P = 0.900). After 2 weeks of the first NACT, ADCs in both planes were obviously increased in the effective group than those in the ineffective group ( P = 0.043, P = 0.022). Conclusions The axial and sagittal DWI may detect the changes in LACC after therapy. Apparent diffusion coefficient values measured both in the 2 planes may be used to evaluate the response of LACC to NACT.
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