Vinylene-linked covalent–oganic frameworks (COFs), as novel photocatalysts, have garnered considerable attention due to their exceptional stability, remarkable π-electron delocalization, and precisely customizable structures. However, the design of novel monomers for constructing vinylene-linked COFs with tunable electronic structures is still in its early stages and poses a number of challenges. Addressing this, a tritopic monomer was developed by attaching a 3-fold 2-methylpyridine unit to the triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine core. The tritopic monomer was further condensed with tritopic aromatic dialdehydes via a solid-state Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction to form two vinylene-linked 2D COFs (TP-PB and TP-PT COF), which exhibited excellent crystallinity, preeminent stability, and outstanding π-electron delocalization. More importantly, by modulation of the donor–acceptor (D–A) interaction within the COFs, the semiconducting properties of the two COFs could be optimized. Due to the stronger D–A interactions in the TP-PB COF containing 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene unit than the TP-PT COF containing triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine unit, the TP-PB COF exhibited broader visible light absorption, narrower band gap, stronger photocurrent response, and lower charge transfer resistance, which makes the TP-PB COF a more efficient photocatalyst for the photocatalytic selective conversions of organic sulfides to sulfoxides and C-3 thiocyanation of indole derivatives with high catalytic activity and recyclability. This work not only demonstrates the construction of vinylene-linked via 2-methylpyridine Knoevenagel polycondensation but also presents a facile strategy for regulating the semiconducting properties of such COFs by fine-tuning the donor–acceptor (D–A) interactions within the COF matrices.

Knoevenagel condensation

Photocurrent

Electron donor

Electron acceptor

10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01610

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Real-time monitoring apoptosis and autophagy among multiple organelles by adjusting the slight structure

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical (2019)

Qingpeng Rao Mingdi Yang Gang Liu Junjun Wang Yingcui Bu

Organelle

10.1016/j.snb.2019.127169

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Facile construction of olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic organic transformation via wall surface engineering

Journal of Materials Chemistry A (2022)

Kairui Cai Wenjing Wang Jie Zhang Lei Chen Lianke Wang

We present a facile strategy to regulate the absorption range, band gap, charge transfer efficiency and photocatalytic activity of olefin-linked 2D COFs via wall surface engineering.

10.1039/d1ta09684b

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CCDC 1574249: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database (2020)

Haonan Wu Lingling Gao Jie Zhang Lijun Zhai Ting Gao

10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1pv47x

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CCDC 2209452: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database (2023)

Jiamin Cai Jie Zhang Xigeng Zhou

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc2d53nc

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AIE-Based Theranostic Agent: In Situ Tracking Mitophagy Prior to Late Apoptosis To Guide the Photodynamic Therapy

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2019)

Junjun Wang Xiaojiao Zhu Jie Zhang Haiyan Wang Gang Liu

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) takes advantage of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to trigger the apoptosis for cancer therapy. Given that cell apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death involved with multiple suborganelles and cancer cells are more sensitive to ROS than normal cells, early confirmation of the apoptosis induced by ROS would effectively avoid overtreatment. Herein, we highlight an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based theranostic agent (TPA3) to in situ dynamically track mitophagy prior to late apoptosis. TPA3 showed high specificity to autophagy vacuoles (AVs), of which appearance is the signature event of mitophagy during early apoptosis and delivered photocytotoxicity to cancer cells and skin cancer tumors in nude mice under irradiation of white light. Furthermore, in situ monitoring of the dynamical mitophagy process involved with mitochondria, AVs, and lysosomes was performed for the first time under confocal microscopy, providing a real-time self-monitoring system for assessing the curative effect prior to late apoptosis. This fluorescence imaging guided PDT witness great advances for applying in the clinical application.

10.1021/acsami.9b15577

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Citations (53)