Objective: Laparotomy is commonly indicated in patients presenting blunt or penetrating trauma. This cross-sectional study is designed to evaluate the frequency and the causes of laparotomy following abdominal trauma. Materials and Methods: The data of 71 patients who underwent laparotomy as a result of abdominal trauma in Shohada Ashayer Hospital, Khorramabad were evaluated and a questionnaire was completed for each patient. All the data were analyzed statistically using SPSS. Results: Of 71 patients, 61 underwent positive laparotomy whereas, negative laparotomy was performed in 10 patients. The results from this study showed that the most common organ of the injury was spleen (19.7%), followed by other solid organs. The small intestine (16.4%) was found more prone to injuries in penetrating trauma. Incidence of blunt trauma injury due to road accidents was the greatest 50.82% and 20% of penetrating traumas were the result of a firearm. Conclusion: Abdominal trauma injury is common in our study population where spleen, small intestine and other solid organs are chiefly involved. Indications of laparotomy should be fully examined in order to avoid negative laparotomies and associated complications. Keywords: trauma, blunt, laparotomy, penetrating
Cholecystectomy is a gold-standard procedure for symptomatic gallbladder stones. However, dyslipidemia is reported in about 50% of these patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the change in the levels of total cholesterol following cholecystectomy.In this cross-sectional study, patients who underwent cholecystectomy for gallstone in (XXX) Nursing Home were included. Preoperative cholesterol levels and those following a month of the surgery were measured in the patients. A form, comprising of the demographic details, along with clinical outcomes was prepared for each patient and the data were analyzed using SPSS v25.0 software.33 patients were included in this study, of which 29 were females and 4 were males. 48.5% of our patient's population were aged above 50 years. The mean of preoperative cholesterol levels was 203.78 mg/dL. One month after the surgery, the mean cholesterol level was found to be 197.03 mg/dL. Overall, there was no statistical difference between the preoperative and one-month postoperative cholesterol level.Our patients did not present hypercholesterolemia with gallstone disease. Furthermore, one month after the surgical intervention (Cholecystectomy), we did not find any significant changes in the cholesterol levels. Detailed investigation of complete lipid profile with long-term follow up in a larger population is thereby required.
Coronary artery bypass graft is one of the extensively conducted procedures to release occlusion in the coronary vessel. Various biological grafts are used for this purpose, superiorly, saphenous vein graft, if unavailable, other vessels in the body, with likewise characteristics are exploited for the purpose. The choice of graft is yet under discovery that could impeccably meet all the requirements. Variation in perioperative and postoperative results have given uneven clinical inferences of these conduits. Alternatively, tissue-engineering is also being applied in this area for clinical improvements. This review underlines some of the commonly used grafts for coronary artery bypass graft and advancements in tissue engineering for this purpose.
Abstract We report a case of a geriatric patient who underwent CABG and developed sigmoid volvulus (SV) with recurrence. SV is a rarely reported complication of CABG. Timely diagnosis, management, and follow‐up are strictly advised, particularly in geriatric patients. Immediate surgical measures are required to prevent volvulus‐associated ischemia.
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and is characterized by unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients who died of ACS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1000 patients presenting ACS were included. Data and records of these patients were evaluated for parameters such as; deceased status, age, gender, diagnosis, ECG, common complaints, associated risk factors, Killip class, pulse, blood pressure, geographic setup (urban or rural), complications and season in which the disease was presented. Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained using SPSS-win software. Results: The mortality rate among ACS patients in our study was 7.1%. Of these patients, AMI was the most prevalent diagnosis and chest pain was the most common complaint. Furthermore, low blood pressure, advanced age, increased pulse rate and fall/winter season were associated with the increased risk of mortality. ST deviation was the most seen ECG finding and most of the mortalities were within the 24 hours of admission. Conclusion: Our study reports risk factors associated with mortality in ACS patients. Advanced and timely therapeutic measurements are likely to reduce the incidence of mortality in these patients.
ABSTRACT Objective: Appendectomy is one of the most common surgical emergencies for appendicitis. Despite the improvement in diagnosis, increased incidence of negative appendectomy is widely reported. The aim of this study to investigate the incidence of negative appendectomy. Method: In this observational study, records 538 patients who underwent appendectomy were evaluated. Demographic data and pathological findings of the appendix were noted, and statistical analysis was conducted on the data obtained. Result: Among 200 female and 338 male patients, there were 28% and 18.3% negative appendectomies, respectively. Second half of the year was associated with greater frequency of negative appendectomy, 25.7%. According to the age groups, the highest incidence of the negative appendectomy was reported in patients aged 10–19 years and 50–59 years, respectively. Ovarian cyst had the greatest incidence among negative appendectomy cases. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the incidence of negative appendectomy is more common in female gender and reproductive disorders can be the common cause of this. Furthermore, young people are exposed to the increased incidence of negative appendectomy. Diagnostic methods to distinguish gynecological and abdominal dysfunction with acute appendicitis can reduce the incidence of negative appendectomy. Highlights
Objective: Depression is predicted to be the leading cause of mortality and morbidities in the next few years. Its association with cardiovascular diseases is well-established from various researches. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of depression of co-morbid psychiatric disorders among patients with a recent history of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with a history of myocardial infarction marked by electrocardiographic (ECG) and enzymatic findings referred to our psychiatric center were included. The MMPI questionnaire was used to evaluate the prevalence of depression along with other psychiatric disorders. SPSS v18 was used to evaluate the data recorded and analyzed from these questionnaires. Results: Of 50 patients studied, the prevalence of depression is the greatest (63%) in patients with anterior septal MI. Furthermore, 26% of women and 24% of men with depression and hysteria were the common comorbidity reported. To it, 15 patients aged 60-69 years had post-MI depression. Conclusion: Our study reports an increased incidence of post-MI depression in the general targeted population. Further investigation and therapeutic measures can decrease future repercussions and the incidence of other cardiovascular events, including recurrent MI.
Abstract The increasing rate of mortality and morbidity because of cardiac diseases has called for efficient therapeutic needs. With the advancement in cell‐based therapies, stem cells are abundantly studied in this area. Nearly, all sources of stem cells are experimented to treat cardiac injuries. Tissue engineering has also backed this technique by providing an advantageous platform to improve stem cell therapy. After in vitro studies, primary treatment‐based research studies comprise small and large animal studies. Furthermore, these studies are implemented in human models in the form of clinical trials. Purpose of this review is to highlight the animal‐ and human‐based studies, exploiting various stem cell sources, to treat cardiovascular disorders.
Coronary artery disease is one of the commonest surgery demanding cardiovascular diseases. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is practiced all over the world for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Systemic trauma during the surgery is associated with a wide range of complications, some of which are fatal. Preoperative risk factors such as age, previous illness and obesity are common predictors of these adverse events. Advances in therapeutic medicine have allowed timely treatment of these adverse events and co-morbidities. This review summarizes some of the most occurring complications associated with coronary artery bypass graft and corresponding treatment options.
Cardiac arrhythmias are associated with several cardiac diseases and are prevalent in people with or without structural and valvular abnormalities. Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) can be life threating and their onset require immediate medical attention. Similarly, atrial fibrillation and flutter lead to stroke, heart failure and even death. Optimal treatment of VA is variable and depends on the medical condition associated with the rhythm disorder (which includes reversible causes such as myocardial ischemia or pro-arrhythmic drugs). While an implanted cardioverter defibrillator is often indicated in secondary prevention of VA. This review highlights the newest advancements in these techniques and management of ventricular and atrial tachyarrhythmias, along with pharmacological therapy.
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