Our aim was to evaluate short term survival rates in renal transplant recipients from deceased donors, while focusing on recipients with diabetes mellitus background.This is a longitudinal follow-up study based on national registry of recipients in Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran from 2010-11. Five hundred fifty-five recipients, 226 (40.8%) females and 328 (59.2%) males, were included in the study. Mean (± SD) age of the recipients was 39 ± 14 years. Of donors 18.4% were females and 81.6% were males. Age of the donors was 33 ± 14 years. All allograft recipients from deceased donors enrolled in the study. Short-term graft survival (1 year) was determined. Data regarding age, gender, background disease and cold ischemic time of recipients and donors were collected from the organ procurement units.Allografts were functioning in 499 (90.1%) of recipients after one year. Of recipients 38 (6.9%) died and rejection of transplanted kidney occurred in 17 (3.1%) cases. So, in 55 (9.9%) cases, allografts were not functioning. There were significant relationships between short term graft survival of donors' gender, age of recipients, cold ischemic time and level of clearance of creatinine of recipients.In addition to cold ischemic time, graft survival can be affected by recipients' age. There are some other considerations and implications regarding the short term graft survival in renal transplantation from cadaver donors which are discussed in this paper.
ه در زمینه رابطه ابعاد خلق و خو با بازداری پاسخ در دانشآموزان مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای شواهد محدودی وجود دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین نقش ابعاد خلق و خو در پیش‌بینی بازداری پاسخ در دانشآموزان دارای نشانه‌های اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل تمامی دانشآموزان دختر شهر اردبیل در سال تحصیلی 90-1389 بودند. نمونه پژوهش 75 دانشآموز دختر دارای نشانه‌های اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای بودند که از میان 800 دانشآموز انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری دادهها از چک‌لیست اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای و مصاحبه تشخیصی بالینی، پرسشنامه ابعاد خلق و خو و آزمون رنگ-واژه استروپ استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه نشان داد که ابعاد نوجویی، آسیب پرهیزی، پشتکار و خودراهبری بهترین پیش‌بینی کننده‌های بازداری پاسخ در دانشآموزان با اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای هستند. این نتایج بیان می‌کند که ابعاد خلق و خود در پیش‌بینی بازداری پاسخ در دانشآموزان با نشانه‌های اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای نقش قابل‌توجهی دارد. همچنین نتایج حاضر تلویحات مهمی در زمینه پیشگیری و آسیبشناسی اختلال نافرمانی مقابلهای دارد.
Organ transplantation as an undeniable life-saving therapeutic modality fundamentally requires infrastructure, devoted and trained professionals, and positive public attitude to be set up in a well-organized manner at the national level. In addition to sharing achievements and reviewing the increasing trend of transplanted organs in the past 12 years following legislations in Iran, this report raises some concerns from the point of transplantation outcome view.
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are highly prevalent among patients with severe COVID-19.To study the mortality risk of COVID-19 infection in patients with type 2 diabetes and additive effect of hypertension and obesity in the Iranian population.This was a cross-sectional survey of the national COVID-19 registry from the Iranian Ministry of Health. The medical status of 22 002 patients with COVID-19 between 1 March and 30 April 2020 was analysed.Patients with type 2 diabetes had a higher risk of mortality with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.67 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.53-1.82, P < 0.001]. The risk of mortality was also high in patients with diabetes and hypertension, with an odds ratio of 1.76 (95% CI: 1.56-1.99, P < 0.001). The odds ratio of the risk of mortality in patients with diabetes, hypertension and obesity was 1.87 (95% CI: 1.35-2.58, P < 0.001).Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity each predict mortality in Iranian patients with COVID-19, and when they are present together, patients have a greater risk of mortality.خطر الوفاة الناجمة عن الإصابة بكوفيد-19 لدى المرضى الإيرانيين المصابين بالنمط 2 من السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم والسمنة.مهدي شدنوش، صغرا ربيع زاده، علي رضا إستغاماتي، منوشهر ناخجواني، نسرين بيات باريداري، مصطفى خشابي، أرمين رجب، فاطمة غامي.ينتشر داء السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم انتشارًا كبيرًا بين المرضى المصابين بحالة وخيمة من كوفيد-19.هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى دراسة خطر الوفاة الناجمة عن الإصابة بكوفيد-19 لدى المرضى المصابين بالنمط 2 من السكري، والتأثير الإضافي لارتفاع ضغط الدم والسمنة لدى السكان الإيرانيين.أُجري مسح مقطعي للسجل الوطني الخاص بمرض كوفيد-19 في وزارة الصحة الإيرانية. وجرى تحليل الحالة الطبية لعدد 22002 من المرضى المصابين بكوفيد-19 في الفترة بين 1 مارس/ آذار و30 أبريل/ نيسان 2020.كان المرضى المصابون بالنمط 2 من السكري أكثر عرضة للوفاة بنسبة أرجحية 1.67 [فاصل ثقة 95٪: 1.53–1.82، القيمة الاحتمالية < 0.001]. وكان خطر الوفاة أيضًا أعلى لدى مرضى السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم، بنسبة أرجحية 1.76 [فاصل ثقة 95٪: 1.56–1.99، القيمة الاحتمالية < 0.001). وبلغت نسبة أرجحية خطر الوفاة لدى مرضى السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم والسمنة 1.87 (فاصل ثقة 95٪: 1.35–2.58، القيمة الاحتمالية < 0.001).يُنبئ كلٌ من النمط 2 من داء السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم والسمنة بالوفيات لدى المرضى الإيرانيين المصابين بكوفيد-19، وعندما تترافق تلك الأمراض معًا، يزداد خطر وفاة المرضى.Risque de mortalité lié à l'infection par la COVID-19 chez les patients iraniens souffrant de diabète de type 2, d'hypertension et d'obésité.Le diabète sucré et l'hypertension sont très prévalents chez les patients atteints d'une forme grave de COVID-19.Étudier le risque de mortalité lié à l'infection par la COVID-19 chez les patients atteints de diabète de type 2 et l'effet additif de l'hypertension et de l'obésité dans la population iranienne.Il s'agissait d'une enquête transversale du registre national de la COVID-19 du ministère iranien de la Santé et de l'Éducation médicale. L'état de santé de 22 002 patients atteints de COVID-19 entre le 1er mars et le 30 avril 2020 a été analysé.Les patients atteints de diabète de type 2 présentaient un risque de mortalité plus élevé avec un odds ratio (OR) de 1,67 [intervalle de confiance (IC) à 95 % : 1,53-1,82, p < 0,001]. Le risque de mortalité était également plus élevé chez les patients diabétiques et hypertendus, avec un OR de 1,76 (IC à 95 % : 1,56-1,99, p < 0,001). L'odds ratio du risque de mortalité chez les patients diabétiques, hypertendus et obèses était de 1,87 (IC à 95 % : 1,35-2,58, p < 0,001).Le diabète de type 2, l'hypertension et l'obésité permettent respectivement de prédire la mortalité chez les patients iraniens atteints de COVID-19, et lorsqu'ils sont présents ensemble, les patients ont un risque de mortalité plus élevé.
Results from different clinical trials on the effects of ginseng on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are still inconsistent. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the overall effects of ginseng supplementation on improving cardiometabolic biomarkers among these patients. A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. A random-effect model was applied to estimate the weighted mean difference and 95% CI for each outcome. Overall, 20 eligible RCTs were included. Meta-analyses revealed that ginseng supplementation significantly reduced serum concentration of FPG, TC, IL-6, and HOMA-IR values. It also increased HR and TNF-α levels. Ginseng supplementation changed HOMA-IR and HDL-C significantly based on dose and changed HOMA-IR and LDL-C significantly based on study duration in a non-linear fashion. Furthermore, meta-regression analyses indicated a linear relationship between ginseng dose and absolute changes in HDL-C. Moreover, subgroup analyses showed that ginseng supplementation changed TC and LDL-C when the supplementation dose was ≥2 g/day. Our findings suggest that ginseng supplementation may be an effective strategy for improving cardiometabolic profiles in individuals with prediabetes and T2DM.
Despite the importance of polyphenol-rich fruits in decreasing cardiovascular mortality, the impact of pomegranate juice (PJ) on blood pressure is still unclear. To determine the effect of PJ on blood pressure. PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched comprehensively using relevant keywords. All studies using pomegranate juice alone were included although limited to human studies and the English language. A random-effects model and the generic inverse variance approach were used to determine quantitative data synthesis. Meta-analysis of 14 clinical trials (n = 573 individuals) demonstrated a reduction in systolic BP (SBP) with pomegranate juice (MD: -5.02 mmHg, 95% CI: -7.55 to -2.48, p < 0.001). Effect of study duration showed pomegranate juice intake ≤2 months significantly decreased SBP (MD: -4.59 mmHg, 95% CI: -7.10 to -2.08, p < 0.001) and DBP (MD: -2.94 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.25 to -0.63, p = 0.01). Consumption of ≤300 mL pomegranate juice daily reduced SBP (MD: -6.11 mmHg, 95% CI: -9.22 to -3.00, p < 0.001). Counterintuitively, >300 mL/day of pomegranate juice showed no effect on SBP (MD: -3.28 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.85 to 0.27, p = 0.07) but a significant DBP reduction occurred (MD: -3.10 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.74 to -0.47, p = 0.02). Meta-regression showed that the SBP-lowering effect of pomegranate juice was associated with the dose of supplementation (p < 0.001). Pomegranate juice appeared to decrease SBP and DBP in a dose-dependent manner, but the benefit was lost after 2 months of pomegranate juice intake.
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