Jin-Seong Park, MD, Juwon Ha, MD, Sewon Lim, MD, PhD, Tae-Suk Kim, MD, PhD, Jee Hyun Ha, MD, PhD, Jong-Woo Paik, MD, PhD, Boung Chul Lee, MD, PhD, Byeong Moo Choe, MD, PhD, Kang-Joon Lee, MD, PhD, Sung-Wan Kim, MD, PhD, Jong-Chul Yang, MD, PhD, Young-Hoon Ko, MD, PhD and Kang-Seob Oh, MD, PhD 1 Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Departments of Psychiatry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea Department of Psychiatry, Ilsanpaik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
This study examined gender differences in occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation by considering the potential moderating effect of grit on Korean employees.
Seon-Cheol Park, MD, PhD, Seung-Hwan Sung, MD, Kyu-Man Han, MD, Eun-Soo Won, MD, Hwa-Young Lee, MD, PhD, Jong-Woo Paik, MD, PhD, Hong Jin Jeon, MD, PhD, Moon-Soo Lee, MD, PhD, Se-Hoon Shim, MD, PhD, Young-Hoon Ko, MD, PhD, Kang-Joon Lee, MD, PhD, Changsu Han, MD, PhD, Byung-Joo Ham, MD, PhD, Joonho Choi, MD, PhD, Heeyoung Lee, MD, MPH, Tae-Yeon Hwang, MD, PhD, Kang-Seob Oh, MD, PhD, Yong-Chon Park, MD, PhD, Min-Soo Lee, MD, PhD and Sang-Woo Hahn, MD, PhD Department of Psychiatry, Yong-In Mental Hospital, Yongin, Korea 2 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 4 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, KyungHee University, KyungHee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea 5 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Inje University, Ilsan Baik Hospital, Ilsan, Korea Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea Department of Cancer Control, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea 11 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea 12 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
본 연구에서는 60세 이상 노인들의 인지 및 정서적 문제를 다각적으로 평정하는 한국판 노인행동평가척도(Older Adult Behavior Checklist, OABCL)의 임상적 유용성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 본원 정신건강의학과에 내원한 60세 이상의 노인 환자 및 보호자들을 대상으로 간이정신상태검사 한국판(MMSE-K), Beck 불안척도(K-BAI), 노인 우울척도(GDS) 및 OABCL 간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 또한, 참여자들을 주진단에 따라 우울집단과 불안집단, 치매집단으로 분류하여 OABCL 각 소척도 점수의 분산분석과 판별분석을 실시하였다. MMSE-K 점수는 OABCL의 문제행동증후군 척도 중 기능적 손상 소척도·기억·인지문제 소척도, DSM 진단척도 중 치매문제 소척도와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. GDS와 K-BAI는 OABCL의 다수 소척도들에서 공통적으로 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였으나, DSM 불안문제 소척도의 경우에는 오직 K-BAI와만 유의한 상관을 나타냈다. 우울집단, 불안집단, 치매집단의 OABCL척도 점수를 비교한 분산분석 결과, 기능적 손상, 기억·인지문제, DSM 우울문제, DSM 치매문제, DSM 사고장애 문제에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 판별분석 결과, OABCL 점수를 포함하는 판별함수는 우울집단과 불안집단의 82.4%, 불안집단과 치매집단의 91.7%를 변별하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의 및 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
This study aimed to investigate the possible difference in anxiety-related traits between the generalized and nongeneralized subtypes of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Two hundred seventy-three SAD Korean outpatients completed the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), the Trait Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T), Retrospective Self-Report of Inhibition (RSRI), and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) as part of their assessments. The unadjusted total scores of the ASI, STAI-T, RSRI, and LSAS differed between the two subtypes, according to an independent t-test. However, this result was not significant (ASI: F = 2.363, p = 0.127; STAI-T: F = 0.004, p = 0.949; RSRI: F = 1.518, p = 0.220) after adjusting for LSAS total score. The comparison of anxiety-related traits did not show any difference between the subtypes after adjusting for illness severity. These results may suggest that the two SAD subtypes are on a continuum of the same illness, differentiated only by symptom severity.
There are some studies supporting the association between serum vitamin D level and suicidal idea. Although suicide and vitamin D deficiency are highly prevalent in older persons, only a few studies have been performed in older populations. Our study aims to investigate the association between suicidal ideas and serum vitamin D levels in Korean older workers. From 6,906 Korean workers older than 50 years who attended employee health screenings in the Health Screening Center of one hospital from May 2012 to April 2013, we studied 2,717 subjects who had blood tests for vitamin D and answered the bimodal questionnaire about suicidal idea. Chi-square tests and t-tests were performed to determine differences in serum vitamin D levels and other confounding factors between the participants with and without suicidal idea. Logistic regressions calculated the odds ratios (ORs) of suicidal idea according to serum vitamin D status. We adjusted the regression models for potential confounding variables. From 2,717 participants, 128 (4.7%) had reported having suicidal ideas. The proportions of persons with vitamin D sufficiency (≥20 ng/mL), insufficiency (10–19.99 ng/mL) and deficiency (<10 ng/mL) were 41.3%, 52.3% and 6.4% respectively. No significant difference was found in categorical (χ2 test, p=0.215) vitamin D levels between persons with and without suicidal ideas. The OR of suicidal idea did not show significant differences in the subjects with vitamin D insufficiency (OR=0.753, p=0.127) and deficiency (OR=0.606, p=0.251), compared with the group of vitamin D sufficiency. This lack of association between suicidal idea and vitamin D was consistent after adjustment for confounders (vitamin D insufficiency group: AOR=0.748, p=0.118, vitamin D deficiency group: AOR=0.533, p=0.155). The results from this large cross-sectional study showed that serum vitamin D levels were not significantly associated with suicidal ideas in Korean older workers. Further researches are needed to verify the association between vitamin D and suicidal idea in older adults.
Attention appears to be inheritable, stable and influenced by genetic factors. The use of the Continuous Performance Test (CPT), as an endophenotypic measure, is valuable for genetic studies because it may show increased sensitivity to specific dimensions in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, few studies have been designed to examine the influence of the genotype on attention level measured by CPT in ADHD patients. This study examinee the difference between 10/10 and 10/* genotype in the attention deficits measured by the CPT in ADHD patients. Forty-four unrelated ADHD patients were recruited from the psychiatric outpatients' clinic at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. Two child psychiatrists made the diagnoses of ADHD using the DSM- IV diagnostic criteria. The genomic DNA was extracted from the blood, and analyzed to determine the genotype. A 40- base pair variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region was amplified. The attention deficits were measured by the test of variables of attention (T.O.V.A.). Between the 10/10 genotype and 10/* genotype, standard scores of the T.O.V.A were compared using a Mann-Whiney test. A comparison with the 10/10 genotype and 10/* genotype showed that those patients with the 10/10 genotype made less omission errors in the first quarter of the test (p < 0.05, by Mann-Whiney test). No significant differences were observed in the errors of commission, response time, variability. This study found that the 10/10 genotype made less omission errors on the T.O.V.A. This suggests that the dopamine transporter genotype influences the attention deficits measured by T.O.V.A.
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