In the fall of 1991 dietary intake of 1,321 primary school children aged 6-12 years was studied in 79 schools in an area called 'South Campine' in Flanders – the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. Assessment of dietary intake was done using the '24-hour estimated food record method'. The energy distribution over the macronutrients showed no significant difference between boys and girls. On average 37.2% (SD 7.88%) of energy came from total fat and 15.4% (SD 3.70%) from saturated fatty acids; 49.0% (SD 7.87%) from total carbohydrates with 21.8% (SD 5.84%) from complex carbohydrates and 27.7% (SD 7.79%) from free sugars. Snacks accounted for on average 19.5% (SD 10.83%) of total energy intake; on average 55.7% (SD 21.22%) of the energy in these snacks was represented by free sugars. Lunch and dinner had very high fat contents (around 40% of energy). Already at this young age, the dietary pattern is deviating strongly from the recommended population nutrient goals.
BACKGROUND.A consensus meeting on screening and global strategy for prostate carcinoma, held in Antwerp in 1994, determined the willingness among European cancer prevention centers to pursue vigorously the collaborative formation of a multinational randomized screening trial.This trial was to be named the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC). METHODS.During the years prior to that meeting, several feasibility trials were conducted in Antwerp and Rotterdam to evaluate the pitfalls and problems of a randomized procedure for population screening.Today, five centers in five European countries share their study work and results via the ERSPC, and others are lining up to join this massive effort.Regular meetings and specific work groups enable the research centers to compare their data, because the trial methodology differs slightly from one center to another. RESULTS.However, a common work strategy and analysis of the data has recently been reached, and the first study results of the trial (evaluating 180,000 men over a 10-year screening period) are expected by the year 2007. CONCLUSIONS.A randomized trial of prostate carcinoma screening is set up in Europe currently with five participating centers from five countries.First overall effect results of regular screening are expected after a 10-year period of follow-up.
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