Introduction . Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a form of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, and radiotherapy (RT) has been used to treat localized/limited lesions of MF. In this case report, the results of low-dose RT applied for palliative purpose are shared. Case Report . A 70-year-old male patient was admitted to the outpatient clinic 7 months ago with a generalized itchy rash. The result of the biopsy was reported as mycosis fungoides. Systemic treatment was not performed due to comorbid diseases. The hemibody RT was applied. 2 Gy was given per fraction, with a total dose of 6 Gy. The significant clinical relief was observed with 6 Gy RT. The patient died due to multiorgan failure 2 months later, and no recurrence was observed. Conclusion . The palliation was achieved in the advanced MF patient with fractionated 6 Gy hemibody RT for the remaining 2 months of life.
Abstract Background Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) is increasing in many communities. We investigated whether ST alters the cytological and cytomorphometric features of buccal mucosa cells. Methods Twenty male participants who had used Nicotiana rustica Linn.‐containing ST (Maras powder) for at least 10 years, and 20 healthy male controls who did not use ST, were included in this study. After rinsing the mouth with water, samples were taken using a toothbrush from the buccal mucosa of subjects in both groups. Samples were gently spread over a glass slide. After applying a cytofixative spray, the Papanicolaou method was used to stain the slides. The presence of dysplasia, dyskeratosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, karyorrhexis, and pyknosis was evaluated by light microscopy, as were the increment amount of candida, cocco‐bacillus, and Leptotrichia buccalis . Cytomorphometric analysis was performed and at least 20 cells with well‐defined borders were evaluated from each slide, and the cellular diameter (CD), nuclear diameter (ND), and nucleus/cytoplasm (N/C) ratio of the cells were analyzed using a 60× objective. Results Other than the presence of dysplasia and candida, all measured cytological parameters were significantly higher in the ST users than in the non‐ST users. Furthermore, CD was lower while nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio was higher in the ST users than in those non‐ST users. Conclusion Cytological changes associated with the use of ST, include dyskeratosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, karyorrhexis, pyknosis together with increase in the bacterial population of cocco‐bacillus and L. buccalis . There were no significant differences in patients with dysplasia in spite of reduction of CD, increased nuclear size and N/C ratio.
Plevral sivi sitolojisi efuzyonlu hastalarin tanisal degerlendirilmesinde esas yontem olup malign tumor hucrelerininsaptanmasien onemli amactir. Noroendokrin tumorlerin sitolojik ozellikleri iyi bilinmesine ragmen, plevral sivida tumor hucrelerinin kucuk olusu ve inflamatuarhucrelere benzerligi gozden kacirilmalarinaneden olabilir. Gastrointestinal sistemde adenokarsinom ve noroendokrin tumor birlikteligi histopatolojik olarak iyi tanimlanmasinaragmenmalignplevralsivisitolojilerihakkindakibilgilersinirlidir. Olgumuz 53 yasinda erkek hasta halsizlik, siskinlik ve kilo kaybi sikayetiyle basvurdu. Endoskopik biyopsisine malign epitelyal tumor tanisi verilmesi uzerine subtotal gastrektomi yapildi. Makroskopik olarak serozayi asan yaklasik 10 cm capindaki tumore histopatolojik incelemede adenoendokrinkarsinom tanisi verildi. Alti ay sonra sag yan agrisi sikayeti uzerine cekilen PA Akciger grafisinde plevral efuzyon gorulerek torasentez yapildi. Plevral sivinin sitolojik incelemesinde yaymalar hucreden fakir olup birkac adet grup olusturmus kucuk hiperkromatik nukleuslu hucrelere rastlanilmasi nedeniyle hucre blogu yapildi. Hucre blogunda genellikle tek tek dusen ve kucuk kumeler olusturmus dar sitoplazmali, kaba kromatinli atipik hucreler goruldu. Yapilan immunositokimyasal incelemede kalretinin, trombomodilin, HBME-1, CK5/6, CEA, LCA negatif, kromogranin ve sinaptofizin pozitif bulundu. Bu bulgularla olgu malignite yonunden pozitif, noroendokrin tumor metastazi seklinde rapor edildi.
Prostat adenokarsinomlarinda Gleason derecelendirme sistemi uygun tedavi secimi ve prognozun belirlenmesinde onemli bir parametre olarak kullanilmaktadir. Bu calismada, igne biyopsisi ve radikal prostat ektomi materyallerindeki Gleason skorlarinin tutarliligini karsilastirmayi amacladik. Adeno karsinom tanisi alan 82 olguya ait igne biyopsisi ve radikal prostat ektomi materyallerinde Gleason skoru degerlendirildi.
Objective: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine organs, and it accounts for 1% of all cancers. Its incidence increases in sites of endemic iodine deficiency and goiter. The aim of this study is to investigate the thyroid cancer incidence and types in nodular goiter cases operated in the city of Bingol, which is an iodine deficiency region. Material and Methods: The pathology reports of thyroid surgical materials which were sent to Bingol Government Hospital pathology department were screened retrospectively from the archives between the years 2004-2012. Postoperative histopathologic examinations of 1275 cases that received nodular goiters diagnosis were evaluated in 8 years. Results: 1130 (88.6%) of 1275 cases female and 145 (11.4%) were male. The youngest patient was 13 and the oldest patient was 85 years old and the average age is 42,7p11,4. Histopathological examination of 1073 (84.2%) cases of nodular hyperplasia, 12 (0.9%) cases of diffuse hyperplasia, 57 (4.5%) cases of lymphocytic thyroiditis, 133 (10.4%) patients had thyroid tumors. The 133 tumors on the 33 (25%) cases benign, 100 (75%) cases were malign. As a type of cancer 88 (66.1%) cases papillary carcinoma, 11 (8.2%) cases follicular carcinoma, 1 (0.7%) case were medullary carcinoma. Conclusions: Iodine deficiency area in the province of Bingol in patients with nodular goiter who underwent surgery for thyroid cancer rate of 7.8% and most cancers is seen as a type of thyroid papillary carcinoma. Key words: Goiter; Iodine Deficiency; Thyroid Cancer.
Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung is a subtype of sarcomatoid carcinoma and essentially classified as a poorly-differentiated, non-small cell lung carcinoma. Being a very rare tumor, it constitutes 0.3-1.3% of all malignancies of the lung. Cytology reveals malignant fusiform and/or giant cells, accompanied by malignant epithelial elements like squamous cell, adeno or large cell carcinoma. Our case, a 76-year-old female patient, presented with chest and back pain. Thoracic CT showed a well-demarcated solid mass of 5x3 cm located peripherally in the left upper lobe of the lung. Trans-thoracic fine needle aspiration cytology showed atypical cells with a biphasic character in a myxoid matrix. It was noted that of these, some were poorly-demarcated fusiform cells with oval nuclei and marked nucleoli, while others were epithelial cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, large cytoplasms and macronucleoli. The patient was diagnosed as pleomorphic carcinoma on the basis of these findings, and the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. Pleomorphic carcinoma is a poorly-differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma, which poses diagnostic difficulties. As it is rare, it lacks decisive diagnostic criteria and has cytological characteristics resembling those of other lung tumors.
