Introduction: Lung cancer is the number-one cause of death due to neoplasms worldwide. The 5-year overall survival rate is only 22%. In advanced stages, the therapeutic options are limited to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Phytocannabinoids, the components of Cannabis sativa, their synthetic derivatives and endogenous cannabinoids have demonstrated anticancer activity in various common cancers - breast, prostate, colorectal and lung cancers, among others. The aim of this review was to assess the potential value of cannabinoids in the treatment of lung cancer.
State of knowledge: The majority of preclinical studies demonstrates that cannabinoids inhibit lung cancer cell viability both in vitro and in vivo. The main mechanism of anticancer activity is the induction of apoptosis, triggered by activation of CB1, CB2 and TRPV1 receptors or independently via other pathways. Cannabinoids influence the components of the tumour microenvironment - cancer associated fibroblasts, macrophages and lymphokine-activated-killer cells. Cannabinoids alter leukocyte infiltration into anti-cancer proportions, inhibit expression of EGFR and PAI-1 and increase the expression of TIMP-1. As a result they induce cytotoxicity, decrease proliferation, migration and invasive potential of lung cancer cells, suppress angiogenesis and metastasis forming. Patients with advanced lung cancer may also benefit from analgesic, antiemetic and appetite improving properties of cannabinoids.
Summary: Cannabinoids can be a supplementary agent in systemic anticancer therapeutic regimen in the future. The exact mechanisms of action, specific doses in anticancer treatment, routes of administration and interactions with other anticancer drugs has yet to be determined. Thus the clinical studies on cannabinoids in lung cancer should be performed in the future.
Abstract Background Despite great advances in our understanding of the impact of cannabinoids on human organism, many of their properties still remain undetermined, including their potential antineoplastic effects. This study was designed to assess the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of AM1172 (a hydrolysis-resistant endocannabinoid analog that inhibits anandamide cellular uptake) administered alone and in combinations with docetaxel (DOCX), paclitaxel (PACX), mitoxantrone (MTX) and cisplatin (CDDP) on various human malignant melanoma A375, FM55P, SK-MEL 28 and FM55M2 cell lines. Materials In the MTT, LDH, and BrdU assays, the potency and safety of AM1172 when administered alone and in combinations with DOCX, PACX, MTX, and CDDP were determined. Results The isobolographic analysis revealed that combinations of AM1172 with PACX, DOCX, MTX, and CDDP exerted additive interactions, except for a combination of AM1172 with PACX in primary melanoma A375 cell line, for which synergy was observed (* p <0.05). Nevertheless, AM1172 when administered alone produced cytotoxic effects on healthy human melanocytes (HEMa-LP) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT), which unfortunately limits its potential therapeutic utility. Conclusions AM1172 cannot be used separately as a chemotherapeutic drug, but it can be combined with PACX, DOCX, MTX, and CDDP, offering additive interactions in terms of the anti-proliferative effects in various malignant melanoma cell lines.
ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Kocharov S, Panosyan H, Marzęda P, et al. ANTICONVULSANT POTENCY OF 10 VARIOUS P-ISOPROPOXYPHENYLSUCCINIMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURE THRESHOLD MODEL IN MICE. Health Problems of Civilization. 2017;11(3):195-201. doi:10.5114/hpc.2017.70010. APA Kocharov, S., Panosyan, H., Marzęda, P., Wróblewska-Łuczka, P., Kochman, E., & Wlaź, A. et al. (2017). ANTICONVULSANT POTENCY OF 10 VARIOUS P-ISOPROPOXYPHENYLSUCCINIMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURE THRESHOLD MODEL IN MICE. Health Problems of Civilization, 11(3), 195-201. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpc.2017.70010 Chicago Kocharov, Sergey L., Henry A. Panosyan, Paweł Marzęda, Paula Wróblewska-Łuczka, Ewelina Kochman, Aleksandra Wlaź, and Jarogniew J. Łuszczki. 2017. "ANTICONVULSANT POTENCY OF 10 VARIOUS P-ISOPROPOXYPHENYLSUCCINIMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURE THRESHOLD MODEL IN MICE". Health Problems of Civilization 11 (3): 195-201. doi:10.5114/hpc.2017.70010. Harvard Kocharov, S., Panosyan, H., Marzęda, P., Wróblewska-Łuczka, P., Kochman, E., Wlaź, A., and Łuszczki, J. (2017). ANTICONVULSANT POTENCY OF 10 VARIOUS P-ISOPROPOXYPHENYLSUCCINIMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURE THRESHOLD MODEL IN MICE. Health Problems of Civilization, 11(3), pp.195-201. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpc.2017.70010 MLA Kocharov, Sergey L. et al. "ANTICONVULSANT POTENCY OF 10 VARIOUS P-ISOPROPOXYPHENYLSUCCINIMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURE THRESHOLD MODEL IN MICE." Health Problems of Civilization, vol. 11, no. 3, 2017, pp. 195-201. doi:10.5114/hpc.2017.70010. Vancouver Kocharov S, Panosyan H, Marzęda P, Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Kochman E, Wlaź A et al. ANTICONVULSANT POTENCY OF 10 VARIOUS P-ISOPROPOXYPHENYLSUCCINIMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED SEIZURE THRESHOLD MODEL IN MICE. Health Problems of Civilization. 2017;11(3):195-201. doi:10.5114/hpc.2017.70010.
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Melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignances in human. Recently developed therapies improved overall survival rate, however, the treatment of melanoma still remains a challenging issue. This review attempts to summarize recent advances in studies on cannabinoids used in the setting of melanoma treatment. Searches were carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Research Gate. Conclusions after analysis of available data suggest that cannabinoids limit number of metastasis, and reduce growth of melanoma. The findings indicate that cannabinoids induce apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and exert significant interactions with tumor microenvironment. Cannabinoids should be rather considered as a part of multi-targeted anti-tumor therapy instead of being standalone agent. Moreover, cannabinoids are likely to improve quality of life in patients with cancer, due to different supportive effects, like analgesia and/or anti-emetic effects. In this review, it was pointed out that cannabinoids may be potentially useful in the melanoma therapy. Nevertheless, due to limited amount of data, great variety of cannabinoids available and lack of clinical trials, further studies are required to determine an exact role of cannabinoids in the treatment of melanoma.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a modern approach to perioperative management. This study aimed to evaluate compliance with certain aspects of the ERAS protocol in malnourished and properly nourished patients undergoing elective surgery.
