Abstract Matrine, also known as oxymatrine, is an important active ingredient of traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens . Recent studies have found that matrine may inhibit multiple tumors through inhibiting the tumor cell proliferation, inducing cell apoptosis, blocking cell cycle, suppressing cell invasion and migration and assisting in the synergy, and attenuation of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study mainly investigated the role of matrine in gastric cancer and its possible mechanism. The real‐time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique showed that matrine inhibited the proliferation and migration of gastric tumor cells and significantly suppressed the expression of miR‐93‐5p. The dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that AHNAK was a target gene of miR‐93‐5p and regulated by miR‐93‐5p and matrine. The torsion test demonstrated that matrine exerted its role via miR‐93‐5p while miR‐93‐5p played a role by targeting AHNAK. Thus, this study found that matrine affected the progression of gastric cancer by inhibiting the function of gastric cancer cells through the possible mechanism of inhibiting miR‐93‐5p expression to increase the expression level of the downstream target gene AHNAK.
Objective
To investigate the effects of Toutongning capsules and flunarizine hydrochloride on the emotion and quality of life in patients with refractory migraine.
Methods
110 patients with refractory migraine were chosen as experimental objects, and were divided into a control group and a research group, 55 cases for each group. The control group were treated with flunarizine hydrochloride, and the research group with flunarizine hydrochloride and Toutongning capsules. After the treatment, the treatment effects, quality of life, emotion, improvement of symptoms, and adverse reactions were compared between the two group.
Results
The total effective rate of the research group was higher than that of the control group (85.45% vs. 69.09%), with a statistical difference (P 0.05).
Conclusions
Toutongning capsules combined with flunarizine hydrochloride can effectively improve the quality of life and emotion in patients with refractory migraine, and is effective and safe.
Key words:
Migraine; Flunarizine hydrochloride; Toutongning capsules; Quality of life; Depression; Anxiety
Curcumin is a naturally active phenolic compound extracted from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa, which has been demonstrated to serve as an anticancer drug in different types of cancer, including non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accumulating evidence has suggested that curcumin may exert epigenetic regulatory effects on microRNAs (miRs). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of miR‑192‑5p, and the effects of curcumin, in NSCLC, alongside the underlying mechanisms. Human NSCLC cells, A427 and A549, were treated with curcumin, and the expression levels of miR‑192‑5p and c‑Myc were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting. Cellular proliferation was analyzed using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays and cell viability was determined using a MTT assay. Additionally, the migratory and invasive abilities of cells were analyzed using Transwell and Matrigel assays, respectively. The binding sites between miR‑192‑5p and c‑Myc were predicted using TargetScanHuman software, and confirmed using a dual‑luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Finally, the Wnt pathway regulator, β‑catenin, and cyclin D1 expression levels were determined using western blotting. Curcumin treatment inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and viability in a dose‑dependent manner, in addition to promoting a dose‑dependent increase in the expression levels of miR‑192‑5p and a reduction in c‑Myc expression levels. Notably, the genetic knockdown of miR‑192‑5p blocked the inhibitory effects of curcumin on NSCLC progression and instead promoted NSCLC progression, which was observed to be partially reversed by c‑Myc silencing; thus, c‑Myc was suggested to be a direct target gene of miR‑192‑5p as demonstrated by the TargetScanHuman database, dual‑lucierase and RIP assay results. In addition, the curcumin‑induced decreased expression levels of β‑catenin, cyclin D1 and c‑Myc were rescued following the genetic knockdown of miR‑192‑5p. In conclusion, these findings suggested that the upregulation of miR‑192‑5p may underlie the inhibitory effects of curcumin on NSCLC cells through targeting c‑Myc and inactivating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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