Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the largest contributor to death in the world. The prevalence of NCDs tends to increase. Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases with the largest proportion in Semarang. High cholesterol levels will accumulate in the arteries, causing the arteries to stiffen, so the heart tries hard to pump blood through these blood vessels, and can cause blood pressure to rise (hypertension). Some risk factors that can increase blood pressure, such as high salt intake, overweight or obesity, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, stress and smoking. Lack of physical activity can increase cholesterol levels in the body which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (coroner's heart disease dan stroke). Age affects the occurrence of hypertension. With age the risk of developing hypertension is greater. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between cholesterol and blood pressure in adults in Bangetayu, Semarang City. This study uses a cross-sectional approach. Research samples are in the community of Bangetayu Kota Semarang. Research Tools and Materials include lanceolate, alcohol swab, cholesterol strips, digital sphygmomanometers, POCT cholesterol and capillary blood. Research data obtained from the results of checking cholesterol levels and blood pressure. The results of this study were processed using SPSS 20 software with data analysis using Chi Square (α=5%) and presented descriptively about the relationship of cholesterol levels with blood pressure in adults. The results of statistical analysis show a p-value 0.05 which means that there is no significant relationship between variables and vice versa. The results showed that there was no relationship between blood pressure and cholesterol.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Anti-tuberculosis drugs given to active TB sufferers consist of 3 or 4 combinations. Tuberculosis treatment is divided into intensive phase treatment (2 weeks) and continuation phase (16 weeks / 4 months). Interferon gamma (IFN γ) is a protein belonging to the cytokine family which plays a role in eliminating MTB bacteria through a cell-mediated immunity mechanism. The aim of this study was to analyze differences in gamma interferon levels in the intensive phase and advanced phase of tuberculosis treatment. This research method is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design (cross sectional study). The research design used was a randomized post test only control group design. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test with statistical test results obtained with a p value of 0.033 (> 0.05), meaning there was a difference in IFN γ levels in the intensive phase and advanced phase of tuberculosis treatment.
Sindrom metabolik dapat dikatakan sebagai faktor yang secara langsung dapat meningkatkan penyakit jantung koroer (PJK) dan diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Pravelensi sindrom metabolik di dunia sama besarnya dengan prevelensi obesitas. Penyakit ini akan memperburuk kondisi apabila gaya hirup tidak sehat. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di kelurahan sendangmulyo dengan sasaran 50 warga desa. Dalam kegaitan tersebut diperoleh data yaitu 14% kategori kurus, sebanyak 32% IMT normal, 16% kelebihan berat badan, 32% kategori obesitas 1 dan sebesar 6% kategori IMT obesitas 2. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan dari 50 warga di kelurahan Sendangmulyo didapat hasil 5 orang (10%) terdeteksi mengalami sindrom metabolik, 17 orang (34%) mengalami diabetes melitus, 18 orang (36%) mengalami hipertensi dan 17 orang (34%) mengalami obesitas sentral serta 25 orang (50%) terdeteksi kadar koleterol tinggi. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan di kelurahan Sendangmulyo ini memberikan informasi dan edukasi tentang gangguan sindrom metabolik serta diharapkan Masyarakat dapat melakukan deteksi sindrom metabolik secara mandiri dengan mengukur IMT (berat badan, tinggi badan, dan lingkar perut), pemeriksaan tekanan darah, lingkar perut, pemeriksaan kolesterol dan gula darah.
Helminth infections are common in children. This infection attacks more children because their activities are more related to the soil, and the child's diet does not recognize hygiene and hygienic food quality. Diagnosis is done by stool examination to find helminth eggs, can also be supported by eosinophil examination. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of helminthiasis with the number of peripheral blood eosinophils in student’s elementary school Gebangsari 01. This study was an observational study using a cross-sectional approach. The population was 40 students in grades 3 and 4. The sample is a total population of 40 people. Fourteen students were not infected with soil transmitted helminth and the eosinophil count was normal. Most students have a clean and healthy lifestyle until 100% negative worm infections. There is no relationship between behavior with the number of eosinophils of student’s in elementary school Gebangsari 01.
Blood donation is the process of taking part of blood from the body of a healthy person and given to people who need blood voluntarily (Ibrahim et al., 2021). Hemoglobin level examination is one of the donor selection checks to find out whether someone is successful or not to donate blood. A person can donate blood if the hemoglobin level shows a result of 12.5 g / dL-17 g / dL. The factor causing the rejection of most blood donations in Indonesia is due to low hemoglobin levels (Putri Afrianti, 2022). The case of high Hb levels is also one of the factors that causes rejection in donor selection (Nuraini Kwarta, 2021). The levels and activity of substances in the blood can be affected by age. Neonates have higher Hb levels than adults due to loss of active tissue mass and many people whose function has been reduced, resulting in reduced Hb levels (Paramahita et al., 2020). The purpose of this study was to measure hemoglobin levels in prospective donors aged more than 46 years at UDD PMI Jepara Regency. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional descriptive study research model taken from the SIMDONDAR database. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the majority of prospective donors showed normal hemoglobin levels as many as 480 prospective donors (94.86%), and more prospective donors who had blood type O (+) as many as 187 prospective donors (36.96%), most prospective donors were male as many as 342 prospective donors (67.59%), and the majority of prospective donors were declared to have passed the donor selection as many as 480 prospective donors (94.86%).
Cacingan banyak menyerang anak-anak karena aktivitas mereka berhubungan dengan tanah. Tanah yang tercemar telur cacing merupakan penyebab terjadinya transmisi telur cacing dari tanah kepada manusia melalui tangan atau kuku yang mengandung telur cacing, lalu masuk ke mulut bersama makanan. Kehidupan di panti asuhan kurang memenuhi standar kelayakan, kondisi Panti Asuhan Kyai Ageng Fatah memprihatinkan, halaman tempat tinggal kurang lebih 30% masih berupa halaman tanah, higine dan sanitasi lingkungan Panti Asuhan masih tergolong kurang baik. Kondisi ini memungkinkan terjadinya penularan penyakit sehingga perlu dilakukan deteksi dini cacingan. Sasaran dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah anak Panti Asuhan Kyai Ageng Fatah sebanyak 45 orang. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan pemeriksaan feses dan kuku. Hasil pemeriksaan feses ditemukan telur cacing sebesar 11%, dan hasil pemeriksaan kuku tidak ditemukan telur cacing. Terdapat anak panti asuhan yang terdeteksi cacingan.
Increased consumption of monosodium glutamate (MSG) is associated with various health risks, including cardiovascular and neurological disorders. MSG triggers an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), the end product of lipid peroxidation produced when ROS increases is Malondialdehyde (MDA), On the other hand, interleukin 10 (IL-10) reduces the inflammatory effects in infectious conditions that can cause potential tissue damage. This study investigated the effect of cinnamon bark extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) on MDA and IL-10 levels in MSG-induced Wistar rats. Experiment with Post test only control group design was conducted. The number of samples was 24 male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups. KN healthy rats, K (+) rats were only induced by MSG, P1 rats were induced by MSG and given cinnamon bark extract at a dose of 100 mg, P2 rats were induced by MSG and given cinnamon bark extract at a dose of 200 mg. The average results showed a decrease in MDA levels after 14 days of treatment, one-way ANOVA test p = 0.001 (p <0.05) showed a significant difference in MDA levels KN 2.37 mg/ml ± 0.14, K+ 2.47 mg/ml ± 0.24, P1 2.32 mg/ml ± 0.20, and P2 0.84 mg/ml ± 1.07. Meanwhile, the average IL-10 levels showed no significant difference with one-way Anova test p = 0.127 (p <0.05) in the KN group, IL-10 levels were 93.25 pg / ml ± 25.01, K (+) 112.89 pg / ml ± 43.89, P1 69.48 pg / ml ± 12.83 and P2 93.29 pg / ml ± 12.11. Administration of cinnamon bark extract can reduce MDA levels in rats induced by MSG, but has no significant effect on IL-10 levels.
Tuberculosis lungs is disease infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is still a disease become threat health Indonesian society which leads to illness , disability and death tall so that need existence mitigation. Research objectives know factor risk the occurrence of anemia in patients tuberculosis lungs in phase treatment . Study This is study retrospective analytic case control Study carried out at the Community Health Center Very Beautiful Subdistrict Genuk City of Semarang. Population all TB patients who are undergo treatment at the Community Health Center Bangetayu. Research sample This from the total population namely 34 case and control patients. The results of 34 respondents case control there is level hemoglobin in patients Tuberculosis lungs with anemia (case) as many as 17 respondents experienced decline hemoglobin levels, namely man with an average hemoglobin level of 12.2 gr/dL (7 respondents), women with The average hemoglobin level was 10.6 gr/dL (2 respondents). A total of 17 respondents non - anemic control , namely the majority is normal with type sex Woman with an average Hemoglobin level of 12.61 gr/dL (17 respondents ). Based on characteristics what kind sex male 29.41% and gender sex women 11.76%. Decrease hemoglobin levels , namely man with an average hemoglobin level of 12.2 gr/dL (5 respondents), women with average hemoglobin level 10.6 gr/dL (2 respondents). Based on characteristics of the type sex women 70.59% (24 respondents) and men 29.41% (10 respondents). Based on characteristics age category adults 64.71% (22 respondents), elderly 23.53% (8 respondents), infants and children 11.76% (4 respondents), and adolescents 0.00% (0 respondents). The results of the bivariate test of hemoglobin levels, age , and type sex there is connection between hemoglobin levels, age, and type sex to Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in phase treatment. The most influential risk factor o to the occurrence of anemia in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in phase treatment namely on the variables type sex that is own risk of 3,429. Next followed by variables hemoglobin levels that have risk of 0.370. Age No there is factor risk the occurrence anemia in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in phase treatment. The conclusion of this study is that hemoglobin levels and sex are risk factors for anemia in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the treatment phase. Anemia can affect the diagnosis, prognosis, complications, and response to tuberculosis therapy, so that tuberculosis patients can maintain nutritional intake and therapy compliance to suppress the progression of the disease.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) medication can alter hematological parameters, including hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin levels due to anti-TB drugs have the potential to cause anemia. Therefore, it is important to know the risk of anemia during intensive phase TB treatment therapy. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between the length of treatment for TB patients in the intensive phase and hemoglobin levels. Materials and Methods: The sample was selected using the accidental sampling method. The number of samples obtained was 31 consisting of 17 respondents from the Kedungmundu Community Health Center, 14 respondents from the Bangetayu Community Health Center. EDTA blood was analyzed using a KX21-N hematology analyzer. The relationship between the duration of treatment and hemoglobin levels in TB patients was statistically tested using Pearson correlation test. Results: Most of the intensive phase TB patients are in the 15-24 years age group. The percentage of female patients is 54.8%, and 45.2% male. TB patients with a treatment duration of 5-8 weeks are 34.1% and a treatment duration of 1-4 weeks is 65.9%. Normal hemoglobin levels are 51.6%, and low hemoglobin levels are 48.4%. The results of the Pearson correlation test have a significance level of 0.862. Conclusion: There is no correlation between the duration of treatment of intensive phase TB patients and hemoglobin levels. The importance of monitoring hemoglobin levels during intensive phase treatment, in order to monitor the effectiveness of treatment or the presence of complications such as anemia.
Air pollution can affect health conditions, CO and Pb are one of the compositions of vehicle exhaust gases that are dangerous. Online motorcycle taxi drivers have a high risk of exposure to pollutants. This research aims to determine the risk factors that affect hemoglobin levels in online motorcycle taxi drivers in the Tanjung Emas Area of Semarang City. The method used observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The total population in this study was 55 respondents and the number of respondents was determined using total sampling. Based on the results of examining hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer, of 55 respondents, 47 respondents had normal hemoglobin levels and 8 respondents had abnormal hemoglobin levels. The results of the Chi square test on smoking status have a significant relationship (p=0.04) to the blood hemoglobin level of online motorcycle taxis in the Tanjung Emas Area of Semarang city while in the status of Education, length of work, and knowledge there is no significant relationship (0.05) to the hemoglobin level of online motorcycle taxi drivers in the Tanjung Emas Area of Semarang City. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between smoking status and hemoglobin levels of online motorcycle taxi drivers in the Tanjung Emas Area of Semarang City and there is no significant relationship between education factors, length of work time, and knowledge of hemoglobin levels of online motorcycle taxis in the Tanjung Emas Area of Semarang City.
