DIFFERENCES IN INTERFERON GAMMA LEVELS IN TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN INTENSIVE PHASE AND ADVANCED PHASE
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Anti-tuberculosis drugs given to active TB sufferers consist of 3 or 4 combinations. Tuberculosis treatment is divided into intensive phase treatment (2 weeks) and continuation phase (16 weeks / 4 months). Interferon gamma (IFN γ) is a protein belonging to the cytokine family which plays a role in eliminating MTB bacteria through a cell-mediated immunity mechanism. The aim of this study was to analyze differences in gamma interferon levels in the intensive phase and advanced phase of tuberculosis treatment. This research method is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design (cross sectional study). The research design used was a randomized post test only control group design. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test with statistical test results obtained with a p value of 0.033 (> 0.05), meaning there was a difference in IFN γ levels in the intensive phase and advanced phase of tuberculosis treatment.Keywords:
Gamma interferon
Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious and chronic disease affecting cattle, caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M.bovis).The zoonotic nature of the disease has a serious worldwide impact on human health.Also, the significant economic costs caused by such disease in addition to the deficiency of precise estimates of the actual disease prevalence necessitate more efficient detection and control measures, particularly in developing countries.The main target of the present work was to develop a local, less expensive bovine tuberculosis interferon-gamma ELISA (Bo-IFN-γ ELISA) kit for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.In the current study, three murine hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against bovine interferon-gamma (Bo-IFN-γ) were developed and their monoclonal antibodies were characterized.The produced mAbs were of IgM isotype and their specificity was proved using the western blot technique.The prepared mAbs were used for the development of the bovine IFN-γ ELISA test that was evaluated for laboratory diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.The sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA kit as compared with the standard tuberculin skin test were determined.This method is based on the measurement of IFN-γ released from sensitized bovine lymphocytes upon exposure to the mycobacterial antigens.Using checkerboard titration, the optimal coating concentration of anti-Bo-IFN-γ was 20μg/well.Blood samples from apparently healthy cattle, which proved negative in the tuberculin test, were examined with the developed kit and the cut-off value (COV) was equal to 0.30 optical density (OD).In a preliminary study to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA, 23 cattle were examined with the Bo-IFN-γ ELISA and the standard tuberculin skin test.The developed Bo-IFN-γ ELISA showed high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (71.4%) in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis as compared to the standard tuberculin skin test.
Gamma interferon
Bovine tuberculosis
Interferon γ
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The antitumor effect of recombinant human interferon-beta (r IFN-beta) and recombinant interferon-gamma (r IFN-gamma) was studied in vivo using a pulmonary metastatic model involving nude mouse human colon cancer xenografts. The results indicated that both r IFN-beta and r IFN-gamma had an inhibitory effect on pulmonary metastases. Furthermore, a combination of r IFN-beta and r IFN-gamma acted synergistically in the inhibition of pulmonary metastases. These results suggested that a combination of r IFN-beta and -gamma could be a most effective form of interferon therapy for cancer.
BETA (programming language)
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Nude mouse
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Gamma interferon
Ratón
Interferon γ
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Northern blot
Gamma interferon
HL60
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Gamma interferon
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SUMMARY Immunization with existing BCG vaccines has failed to confer consistent protection against tuberculosis. One of the ways to improve the efficacy of BCG is by enhancing its ability to induce a type-1 T cell response. However, this approach carries the risk that enhanced immunoreactivity may exacerbate tissue pathology associated with vaccination. The aim of the present study was to determine whether use of a recombinant BCG expressing IFN-γ (BCG-IFN) would result in an alteration in the pattern of inflammation and local tissue fibrosis. A murine intravenous BCG infection model was used in which there was a time- and dose-dependent increase in the weight and number of granulomas in the liver. Infection was associated with increased inflammatory activity in the liver, as shown by the increase in expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) assessed by immunochemistry and by measurement of specific mRNA, and in fibrosis measured by hydroxyproline content of the liver and percentage of granuloma cells staining positively for type 1 procollagen. Infection with BCG-IFN resulted in a reduction in organ weight and bacterial load on day 21 compared with infection with control BCG transformed with vector alone (BCG-plasmid). By day 21, there was also a reduction in iNOS mRNA and iNOS+ cells in granulomas in mice infected with BCG-IFN compared with infection with BCG-plasmid, and a similar reduction in both total number of granulomas and liver hydroxyproline content. These results demonstrate that the granulomas in the areas of mycobacterial infection are active sites of both inflammation and fibrosis, and that the local expression of IFN-γ by the recombinant BCG results in more efficient bacterial clearance which is accompanied by a reduction in tissue pathology.
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Interferon γ
BCG vaccine
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Interferon γ
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The possibility of synergy between immunotherapy with recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and chemotherapy with rifampin (RMP) and dapsone (DDS) against Mycobacterium leprae was examined in nude mice. IFN-gamma alone failed to show any effect on the growth of M. leprae in the nude mouse foot pad. No synergy was demonstrable between DDS, either at 0.0001% or at 0.001%, and IFN-gamma. A subinhibitory level of RMP with IFN-gamma was also ineffective, but RMP at 0.006% with IFN-gamma produced a statistically significant enhancement of killing (26-fold) when compared with RMP at 0.006% only. It should be emphasized, however, that results obtained in the immunodeficient nude mouse model may not be comparable to those which might have been given by lepromatous leprosy patients.
Mycobacterium leprae
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Dapsone
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of interferon gamma release assay to active pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods The interferon gamma release assay based on enzyme linked immunospot assay was performed in 75 patients with suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis.And the result was compared with tuberculosis culture.Results The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of interferon gamma release assay were 81.1%,90.9% and 84.0%,respectively.The sensitivity of interferon gamma release assay was higher than that of tuberculosis culture(P0.01).Among 23 cases of negative culture results,16 cases were detected positive by interferon gamma release assay.Conclusion Interferon gamma release assay is highly sensitive,specific and helpful to the early and rapid detection of active pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Interferon γ
Active tuberculosis
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