Combined with in situ wide angle X-ray diffraction, the mechanical properties of polybutene-1 with rapid pressurization are investigated. The toughness of polybutene-1 can be improved significantly by forms I/I′ produced by rapid pressurization.
Water inrush is one of the typical geological hazards in the construction of high-risk tunnels, and has caused severe losses.To predict water inrush accurately, a novel model was put forward for karst tunnels in the present study.The ideal point method coupled with the analytic hierarchy process method (AHP) was applied for risk assessment of water inrush.First, the ideal point method was introduced as a brand-new way to predict the risk level of water inrush.Second, the water inrush risk in karst tunnels was discussed in terms of influencing factors.With the consideration of karst hydrological and engineering geological conditions, seven key factors were selected as evaluation indices, including formation lithology, unfavorable geological conditions, groundwater level, landform and physiognomy, modified strata inclination, contact zones of dissolvable and insoluble rock, and layer and interlayer fissures.Then the ideal point method was used to deal with the multiple evaluation indices to determine the ideal point and the anti-ideal point.Meanwhile, the analytic hierarchy process method (AHP) was applied to determine the weight coefficient of each evaluation index.Thus, the minkowski distances respectively for the ideal point and the anti-ideal point were calculated.Based on the discriminant analysis theory, the closeness degrees to the ideal points were brought out to specify the risk level of water inrush.Finally, the proposed model was applied to a typical deep-buried karst tunnel: Jigongling Tunnel in China.The obtained results were compared with the results of the relevant methods and the practical findings, and reasonable agreements could validate the presented approach.The obtained results not only provide guidance for the construction of high-risk tunnels, but also bring out an alternative way for risk assessment of water inrush.
Landslide disaster analysis is a systems engineering,which not only reflects the status and dynamic characteristics accurately,but also embodies the safety and stable condition.It can provide reliable evidences for engineering treatment.Based on GIS and Surfer,various function modules are coupled;and the comprehensive evaluation decision system for landslide disaster is developed in order to realize status analysis,variation prediction and stability characteristics research.The system structure,global design,development foundation and integration of function modules are described in detail.Besides,the application aspacts of system function realization are studied emphatically,including terrain information treatment analysis,virtual landscape visualization,comprehensive decision analysis,deformation prediction and numerical analysis of stability.Then,the functional contents,theory foundation and application process are analyzed.Moreover,according to the problem of effect appraisal of landslide treatment,the fuzzy Markov chain model is used to make decision analysis.Based on the theory structure of model described in detail,a case study is introduced concretely.The results show that landslide treatment achieves good effect;and model analysis can objectively reflect the safety and stable state of landslide nowadays.Therefore,the system provides a feasible technical platform which can realize informatization,dynamic and decision-making for landslide disaster analysis and engineering treatment.
Metaverse has attracted widespread attention all over the world since its inception, promising significant potential in shaping a better vision for human society. It is regarded as “the ultimate form of the Internet”. However, the metaverse is still in its infancy, and the research on the relevant system architecture, enabling technologies, and practical applications are far from mature. To foster the advancement of the metaverse, this paper proposes a general metaverse architecture from the aspects of the constituent elements, operating system, roles, interaction modes, security and regulation, and also discusses the key technologies in the metaverse. Finally, the potential industrial research perspectives and application scenarios of the metaverse are presented.
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