Mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gone are the most frequent genetic akerations detected in human lung cancer. To assess the pathogenic significance of p53 gone alterations in Chlnege non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 74 paired samples of primary lung cancer and normal lung tissue far away from the cancer were analyzed for mutations of the p53 gene(exons 5-8) using exon-specific PCR, single-gtrand conformation polymorphimax (PCR-SSCP). p53 mutations were observed in 55.4% (41/74) of the samples.No linkaiges were detected between the incidence of p53 mutations and histological type, lymph node metastasis, age or sex. Significant association between p53 mutations and degree of differentiation in edenotmremmnas, not in squamous cell carcinomas, was observed, The frequency of p53 mutations in(65. 3%) was higher than in nonsmokers (33. 3%) and reached stafisrical significance. We also found p53 mutations in 6/7 samples which had tissue invasion and distant metastasis. These results suggest that smcking could be an important factor in lung carcinogenesis, p53 mutation is a worse prognosis indicator in ade and nocarcinomas and related to high aggressive behavior of human lung cancer.
Objective To compare the levels of serum CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 of patients with lung cancer and those with benign lung diseases, and to evaluate the clinical differential diagnostic value of combined detection of serum CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in patients with long cancer. Methods CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 122 patients with lung cancer and 37 patients with benign lung diseases. The data was analyzed by t test. Results The serum levels of CEA(l2.95±33.04ng/ml), CYFRA21-1(4.87±0.638ng/ml) in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than that in those with benign lung diseases (1.92±0.84ng/ml and 4.87±0.638ng/ml, respectively) (P＜0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the serum level of NSE between patients with lung cancer (13.11±9.37ng/ml) and those with benign lung diseases (8.63±2.32ng/ml, P＞0.05). The levels of serum CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were related to types of pathology. The highest levels of CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 appeared in adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. The level of serum of NSE (26.05±20.69ng/ml) in patients with small cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of the patients with benign lung disease, adenocarcinoma (11.26±6.97ng/ml) and squamous cell carcinoma (12.71±7.64ng/ml), respectively (P＜0.01). The serum levels of CYFRA21-1 (5.19±5.20ng/ml) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma were significantly higher than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (3.08±2.39ng/ml) and small cel1 carcinoma (3.56±1.80g/ml) (P＜0.05). The serum levels of CEA (14.61±33.59ng/ml) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (16.22±35.899ng/ml) were significantly higher than that of those with small cell carcinoma (2.61±1.50ng/ml, P＜0.05); however, no significant difference of them was found between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (P＞0.05). Conclusion Combined determination of serum levels of CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 is helpful in differential diagnosis of lung cancers.
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