Odontoblasts are terminally differentiated cells that exhibit mechanosensitivity and mineralization capacity. Mechanosensitive ion channels such as Piezo1 are present in odontoblasts and are associated with their physiological functions via Ca 2+ signaling. Both Ca 2+ signals via Ca 2+ influx from mechanosensitive ion channels and Ca 2+ release from Ca 2+ stores function as secondary messenger systems for various biological phenomena. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as an intracellular Ca 2+ store that mobilizes intracellular Ca 2+ . Changes in Ca 2+ concentration inside the ER are among the factors that cause ER stress. Perivascular cells are located around odontoblasts in the dental pulp. Although such formation indicates that perivascular cells interact with odontoblasts, their detailed profiles under developmental and pathological conditions remain unclear. In this study, we revealed that pericyte marker, neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2)–positive cells, in cell-rich zones (CZs) can differentiate into Piezo1-positive odontoblasts following genetic odontoblast depletion in mice, and modeled as odontoblast death after severe dentin injury and as reparative dentin formation. NG2-positive pericytes differentiated into odontoblasts faster than glial cells. To determine how NG2-positive cells differentiate into Piezo1-positive odontoblasts, we focused on the ER-stress sensor protein, activating transcription factor 6a (ATF6a). After genetic odontoblast depletion, NG2-positive cells regenerated in the odontoblast layer and were capable of acting as functional odontoblasts. In the presence of extracellular Ca 2+ , the application of a sarco/ER Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, thapsigargin, known as an ER-stress inducer, increased the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in the odontoblast lineage cells (OLCs). The increase was significantly inhibited by the application of a pharmacologic Piezo1 inhibitor, indicating that ER stress by SERCA inhibition augmented Piezo1-induced responses in odontoblast progenitor cells. However, the physiological activation of G q -coupled receptors by adenosine diphosphate did not induce Piezo1 activation. Gene silencing of ATF6a and/or NG2 impaired the mineralization of OLCs. Overall, ATF6a orchestrates the differentiation of NG2-positive pericytes into functional odontoblasts that act as sensory receptor cells and dentin-forming cells.
1. The case of a forty-nine year old woman, who complained of bloody discharge, was diagnosed as destructive mole by smear tests which exhibited aty pical cytotrophoblasts.Cytologic figures: cytoplasm showed extreme irregu larities in contour and staining reaction.Structural abnormalities of nuclei such as aberrant form, enlargement over 100μ in diameter, coarse granular chromatin pattern were seen.Syncytial endometritis was the pathologic diagnosis by operative specimen.2.The literature on the cytologic findings of cho rionic diseases is reviewed, and the findings of syncyial endometritis discussed.
Case Reports| August 03 2011 Cytologic Features of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor Metastatic to the Lung: A Case Report Subject Area: Pathology and Cell Biology Ken Shimizu; Ken Shimizu From the Department of Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine and Dokkyo University School of Medicine Hospital, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tochigi National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Takashi Yamada; Takashi Yamada From the Department of Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine and Dokkyo University School of Medicine Hospital, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tochigi National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Yoshihiko Ueda; Yoshihiko Ueda From the Department of Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine and Dokkyo University School of Medicine Hospital, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tochigi National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Takehiko Yamaguchi; Takehiko Yamaguchi From the Department of Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine and Dokkyo University School of Medicine Hospital, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tochigi National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Nobuhide Masawa; Nobuhide Masawa From the Department of Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine and Dokkyo University School of Medicine Hospital, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tochigi National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Toshihiko Hasegawa Toshihiko Hasegawa From the Department of Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine and Dokkyo University School of Medicine Hospital, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tochigi National Hospital, Tochigi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Acta Cytologica (1999) 43 (6): 1137–1141. https://doi.org/10.1159/000331367 Article history Published Online: August 03 2011 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ken Shimizu, Takashi Yamada, Yoshihiko Ueda, Takehiko Yamaguchi, Nobuhide Masawa, Toshihiko Hasegawa; Cytologic Features of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor Metastatic to the Lung: A Case Report. Acta Cytologica 1 December 1999; 43 (6): 1137–1141. https://doi.org/10.1159/000331367 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsActa Cytologica Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Keywords: granulosa cell tumor, ovarian neoplasms, metastasis, lung neoplasms 1999Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
