Introducao e objetivos: O goji berry (Lycium Barbarum) e uma fruta conhecida como fonte elevada dos antioxidantes carotenoides, cujo consumo esta relacionado a beneficios a saude. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi determinar quais as mudancas no organismo apos o consumo de frutas desidratadas e capsulas com o extrato de goji berry e quais os seus beneficios. Metodologia: Foram aferidas variaveis antropometricas para calculo do IMC e percentual de gordura corporal, e tambem aplicado um questionario sobre a percepcao dos efeitos da suplementacao dos frutos ou das capsulas em 18 idosas. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que a suplementacao do extrato de goji berry diminuiu a circunferencia da cintura (p=0,036) e que a fruta na sua forma desidratada diminuiu o percentual de gordura corporal (p=0,023). Ambas as formas de suplementacao de acordo com as idosas melhoraram o funcionamento do intestino. Conclusao: Foram observadas poucas alteracoes nas medidas antropometricas avaliadas. Assim o consumo das capsulas ou das frutas de forma isolada, sem alteracao nos habitos alimentares e pratica de exercicios fisicos nao e suficiente para causar alteracoes corporais, sendo necessaria a orientacao dos pacientes que esperam com o consumo do fruto obter resultados milagrosos. ABSTRACT Consumption of fruit and concentrated extracts of goji berry (Lycium barbarum). Effects on anthropometric profile among elderly womenObjectives: Goji berry (Lycium Barbarum) is a fruit known as rich in antioxidant carotenoids, whose consumption is related to health benefits. The objective of this study was to determine what changes in anthropometric measures after supplementation with dried fruit and capsules of goji berry extract and their benefits. Methods: Anthropometric variables to calculate BMI and body fat percentage were measured, and also answered a questionnaire about their perception of the effects of supplementation of fruits or capsules, and also a questionnaire about their perception of the effects of supplementation of fruits or capsules was applied in 18 elderly. Results: The results indicate that supplementation of goji berry extract reduces waist circumference (p=0,036) and the fruit in its dried form decreases the percentage of fat (p=0,023). Both forms of supplements according to the elderly improved bowel function. Conclusion: Few changes were observed in the assessed anthropometric measures. Thus the consumption of the capsules or isolated fruits, with no change in eating habits and physical exercise is not enough to cause bodily changes, the orientation of patients who expect to get miraculous results with the consumption of the fruit is required.
RESUMO: Caquexia associada ao câncer e uma sindrome paraneoplasica e sua etiologia e multifatorial envolvendo diferentes mecânismos fisiopatologicos sendo a principal caracteristica a perda peso (>5% do peso corporal). O objetivo foi avaliar a prevalencia de perda de peso, caquexia e desnutricao em pacientes oncologicos no momento do diagnostico ate o final do tratamento quimioterapico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 143 pacientes atendidos no Ambulatorio de Oncologia, onde o estado nutricional foi avaliado por meio dos dados como: localizacao primaria do câncer, genero, idade, altura, peso usual, peso atual e alguns sintomas de impacto nutricional, sendo estes coletados dos prontuarios nutricionais dos pacientes. Tumores do Trato digestivo, cabeca e pescoco, pulmao e pâncreas apresentaram respectivamente 13%, 8,8%, 10,75% e 20,9% de perda de peso com mais de 60% dos pacientes diagnosticados com caquexia. Para o tumor de mama houve um ganho peso corporal de 3,7% em 58% das pacientes. Conclusao: Resultados demonstram alta incidencia de perda de peso e caquexia antes da quimioterapia em diversos tipos de tumores e ganho peso no câncer de mama.
Abstract This study aimed to characterize the bioactive compounds and antiradical activity in grape pomace flours from the cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera), dehydrated either in an air circulation oven at 45 °C or a vacuum freeze dryer. The total and individual phenolic compounds, monomeric anthocyanins and antiradical activity were analysed by the ABTS and HOCl methods. The total loss of monomeric anthocyanins was higher for the cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon and Sangiovese dehydrated in the air circulation oven. All the freeze dried cultivars preserved a statistically higher index for the total phenolic compounds, the highest being the cultivar Sauvignon Blanc. In the individual analysis of these compounds the freeze dried samples showed higher average levels of all the flavonoids (epicatechin, catechin, quercetin, vanillic acid, rutin), whereas gallic, caffeic and ferulic acids were apparently not influenced by the drying method. All the samples dehydrated in the oven showed less free radical inhibition capacity than the freeze dried samples as determined by both IC50 methods. The ABTS method presented the best results for the freeze dried samples, that is, smaller amounts of the flours were able to inhibit at least 50% of the ABTS and HOCl free radical activities, with emphasis on the Merlot cultivar.
Oxidative stress (OS) occurs in cystic fibrosis (CF).The objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of bacterial infection on biomarkers of OS (catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidade [GPx], reduced glutathione [GSH]), markers of oxidative damage (protein carbonyls [PC], thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]), together with the nutritional status and lung function in children with CF.Cross-sectional study including CF group (CFG, n = 55) and control group (CG, n = 31), median age: 3.89 and 4.62 years, respectively. CFG was distributed into CFG negative bacteriology (CFGB-, n = 27) or CFG positive bacteriology (CFGB+, n = 28), and CFG negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CFGPa-, n = 36) or CFG positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CFGPa+, n = 19).Compared with CG, CFG (P = .034) and CFGB+ (P = .042) had lower body mass index-for-age z-score; forced expiratory volume in the first second was lower in CFGB+ and CFGPa+ (both P < .001). After adjusting for confounders and compared with CG: CFG showed higher TBARS (P ≤ .001) and PC (P = .048), and lower CAT (P = .004) and GPx (P = .003); the increase in PC levels was observed in CFGB+ (P = .011) and CFGPa+ (P = .001) but not in CFGB- (P = .510) and CFGPa- (P = .460).These results indicate a systemic OS in children with CF. The presence of bacterial infection particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa seems to be determinant to exacerbate the oxidative damage to proteins, in which PC may be a useful biomarker of OS in CF.
O Triatlon Ironman e caracterizado como atividade de endurance composto por natacao, corrida e ciclismo. Uma adequada ingestao dietetica pode auxiliar no desempenho desses atletas. O estudo investigou as diferentes estrategias de alimentacao e suplementacao de 10 atletas do municipio de Guarapuava, Parana, sendo cinco participantes do Ironman Completo e cinco do Ironman 70.3. A duracao media de treinamento dos participantes foi de 4,60 (±1,95) horas/dia para o grupo Ironman Completo e de 3,00 (±1,87) horas/dia para o grupo Ironman 70.3. A avaliacao dietetica indicou ingestao calorica inferior ao recomendado para a maioria dos atletas de ambos os grupos. Ja o consumo proteico foi superior ao recomendado para ambos os grupos. Em relacao ao consumo de micronutrientes, observou-se que deficiencia na ingestao de vitamina D e potassio para todos os participantes, de calcio para 60% (n=6), zinco para 40%(n=4), magnesio em 40% (n=4) e vitamina A em 30% (n=3). A ingestao hidrica de todos os participantes esteve abaixo das recomendacoes, e os recursos ergogenicos nutricionais mais utilizados foram os aminoacidos de cadeia ramificada e os carboidratos em gel, tanto em periodo de competicao quanto de treino. Concluiu-se, portanto, que ha necessidade de adequacao nas estrategias nutricionais do grupo em questao, bem como a educacao nutricional visando melhorar a performance nos treinos e minimizar possiveis danos decorrentes do desequilibrio nutricional. ABSTRACT Feeding, hydration and supplementation strategies in training and competition period of triathletes in “Iron Man 140.6 and 70.3 Brazil” The Ironman Triathlon is characterized as an endurance activity consisting of swimming, running and cycling. Adequate dietary intake may aid in the performance of these athletes. The study investigated the different feeding and supplementation strategies of 10 athletes from the city of Guarapuava, Parana, with five participants from Ironman Complete and five from Ironman 70.3. The average training time of participants was 4.60 (± 1.95) hours / day for the Ironman Complete group and 3.00 (± 1.87) hours / day for the Ironman 70.3 group. Dietary assessment indicated a caloric intake lower than that recommended for most athletes in both groups. Protein consumption was higher than recommended for both groups. In relation to micronutrient intake, deficiency in vitamin D and potassium intake was found for all participants, from calcium to 60% (n = 6), zinc to 40% (n = 4), magnesium to 40% ( N = 4) and vitamin A in 30% (n = 3). The water intake of all participants was below the recommendations, and the nutritional ergogenic resources most used were the branched-chain amino acids and the carbohydrates in gel, both during competition and training. It was concluded, therefore, that there is a need for adequacy in the nutritional strategies of the group in question, as well as nutritional education aimed at improving performance in training and minimizing possible damages due to nutritional imbalance.
Introdução: Indivíduos com Síndrome de Down (SD) podem apresentar maior tendência a alterações na composição corporal e hábitos alimentares inadequados. Os pais têm papel importante na construção dos hábitos alimentares dos filhos.Objetivos: Verificar a composição corporal de crianças e adolescentes com SD e observar a percepção dos pais em relação aos hábitos alimentares dos filhos.Métodos: Estudo transversal com crianças e adolescentes que frequentam a Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE). A avaliação nutricional foi realizada por meio do índice de massa corporal para idade (IMC/I) e bioimpedância elétrica. A percepção dos pais sobre os hábitos alimentares dos filhos foi avaliada por meio de questionário desenvolvido para o estudo, baseado em um questionário validado.Resultados: Participaram 28 indivíduos, média de idade de 9,43+2,9 anos, 60,71% crianças e 39,28% adolescentes. Observou-se que 75,0% dos avaliados apresentaram IMC adequado para a idade. Em relação a gordura corporal total, 37,5% estavam com o percentual elevado. O valor médio para ângulo de fase (AF) foi 5,29°. Observou-se a oferta frequente de alimentos, sucos industrializados, em 66,7%, salgadinhos 44,4% e refrigerantes 37,0%. Identificou-se boa percepção dos pais sobre o estado nutricional dos filhos, 70,4% (19) dos responsáveis acreditaram que os filhos estavam com peso adequado. Conclusões: O IMC adequado para idade e o percentual de gordura corporal elevado prevaleceram nos indivíduos avaliados. A maioria dos pais possuíam percepção que os hábitos alimentares da família impactam na alimentação dos filhos. Identificou-se boa percepção dos pais sobre o estado nutricional dos filhos e a preocupação desses com a alimentação dos mesmos.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of silicon in different blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) cultivars. The treatments were installed in a factorial design with six replications, and consisted of three different cultivars (Brightwell, Beckblue and Climax) with or without regular application of silicon via foliar, using silicon oxide at 1.5 g L-1. It was evaluated the following plant attributes: leaf area, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, meanwhile the following postharvest attributes were evaluated: fruit number, diameter and weight, yield, pH, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, contents of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, and activity of peroxidase. Vegetative development of blueberry plants in response to Si presented higher yield, leaf area, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, and higher chlorophyll fluorescence relationships such as maximum photochemical efficiency and PSII potential activity, as well as less stressed plants, especially in cultivars Climax and Brightwell. For post-harvest physicochemical characteristics, silicon foliar application improved fruit weight and diameter for cvs. Beckblue and Climax, and fruit number for cv. Brightwell. All cultivars, in response to silicon application increased the titratable acidity, the levels of phenolic compounds, the level of anthocyanins, whereas peroxidase activity decreased. The performance of the evaluated blueberry cultivars was better through silicon application, with greater performance of vegetative growth, fruit yield, and fruit quality, especially in cultivar Climax, which was the most suitable in terms in of fruit yield in this study.