To investigate the level and significance of serum γ-glutamyl transferase-to-platelet ratio (GPR) and monocyte count to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and unstable angina (UA).
Recently, the automatic frequency planning which is mainly based on interference matrix (IM) is widely used in global system for mobile communications (GSM) networks planning. Most IM generation algorithms are derived from the Mobile Measurement Reports (MMRs) received from mobile users. Since the number of bits used for MMRs is limited and the MMRs could only provide the power level of six neighboring cells according to the GSM standards, the data from these MMRs is not accurate enough to generate IM for AFP. In this paper, we proposed a new IM generation algorithm based on carrier to interference ratio (CIR) simulation results and the traffic grid map data. We design a new method by using the serving cell name, the longitude and the latitude as the index to match up the CIR data to the traffic data in the IM generation process. The proposed method can not only estimate the interference of existing GSM networks but also predict the interference of future GSM networks with traffic changing constantly. The proposed method can also take advantage of both the CIR simulation results with high resolution and the traffic grid map with prediction data to generate the IM with better accuracy than existing method using MMRs. Simulation results show that our proposed method with high accurate CIR data and traffic prediction data is much better than MMRs method.
A sliding mode controller for buck converter based on PWM technology is discussed.Firstly, the schematic diagram of buck converter circuit based on a slidingmode control strategy is designed. Then a sliding mode control approach basedon reaching law is constructed. A circuit model based on MULTISIM is proposed.Finally, the simulation result show that the proposed method can effectively improvethe system dynamic characteristics.
Objective
To investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on fatty acid metabolism and expression and activity of AMP–activated protein kinase (AMPK) α in skeletal muscles in insulin resistance rats.
Methods
Forty male Wistar rats aged 4 to 5 months were randomly assigned into the normal control group (n=16; basic feeding) and the fat–rich diet group (n=24; fat–rich feeding). After feeding for 4 weeks, whole–body insulin sensitivity was determined using hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp (8 from each group). The results showed that 4 weeks' fat–rich feeding resulted in insulin resistance. Then 16 rats in the fat–rich diet group were further randomly assigned into the fat–rich diet subgroup (n=8) and the rosiglitazone treatment subgroup (n=8). Rats in both groups were fed with fat–rich diet as before, and rosiglitazone was administered orally in the rosiglitazone treatment subgroup (3 mg·kg–1·d–1). Skeletal muscle triglyceride was extracted and measured by an automated biochemistry analyzer. mRNA expression of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 was determined by real–time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Protein expression of AMPKα1, AMPKα2 and P–AMPKα was measured using sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrohoresis (SDS–PAGE) and Western blot techniques. All data were analyzed by one–way ANOVA using SPSS software.
Results
At the 8 weeks, glucose infusion rate was reduced in the fat–rich diet subgroup than that in the normal control group ((19.3±3.7) and (30.4±4.2) mg·kg–1·min–1, respectively; P 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, AMPKα2 mRNA and protein expression of AMPKα2 and P–AMPKα were decreased in the fat–rich diet subgroup, while rosiglitazone treatment increased these parameters (all P<0.05).
Conclusions
Fat–rich diet may result in lipid accumulation in skeletal muscles and insulin resistance in rats. Rosiglitazone intervention could increase the expression of AMPKα2 and improve the activity of AMPKα, leading to decreased lipid accumulation in skeletal muscles and increased insulin sensitivity in insulin resistant rats.
Key words:
Protein kinase; Muscles, skeletal; Rats; Rosiglitazone; Insulin resistance
In this study, the effect of ionizing radiation on 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in human peripheral blood was investigated. Blood samples were collected from 230 radiation workers and 8 patients who underwent radiotherapy for population study. Blood samples from 2 healthy individuals were irradiated with different X-ray doses for in vitro experiment, and levels of 8-OHdG in serum and cell culture supernatants were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Observations demonstrated the positive relationships between serum 8-OHdG level and radiation dose and working period were observed, and serum 8-OHdG levels were higher among interventional radiation workers than among other hospital radiation workers. In addition, 8-OHdG yields in supernatants increased, peaked at 3 Gy of radiation dose, and then decreased with further increases in radiation; the dose-response curve obtained fitted a polynomial function. By contrast, a similar trend was not found in radiotherapy patients. The present study suggests that 8-OHdG may be a useful biomarker reflecting oxidative damage among workers occupationally exposed to low-dose radiation.
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