Due to the coarse spatial resolution and saturation issues associated with the 1-km ocean bands of MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) instruments, the higher resolution (250 and 500 m) land bands are tended to be used for water color applications in coastal and inland waters. However, these wide spectral bands provide limited spectral information; therefore, resolving the chlorophyll-a concentration (Chla) signal in highly turbid waters poses a significant challenge. In this study, we present a classification-based algorithm to estimate Chla in a highly turbid eutrophic lake, Taihu Lake in Eastern China, using four visible to near-infrared land bands of MODIS observations. A threshold segmentation method of MODIS Rrs(555)/Rrs(645) was used to categorize the lake into two classes: Chla-dominated waters (Class 1) and suspended particulate matter (SPM)-dominated waters (Class 2). Then, a band ratio of Rrs(859)/Rrs(645) was applied to retrieve Chla in Class 1, and a newly proposed spectral index, the Anti-SPM Chlorophyll-a Index (ASCI), was used to estimate Chla in Class 2. Validation using the leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method showed that the average unbiased relative error (AURE) of the derived Chla is 44.4%, and the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) is 0.55. The algorithm was further applied to MODIS data of Taihu Lake between 2000 and 2015 to obtain Chla time series maps, whose spatial and temporal patterns agreed well with previous studies.
The survey datum is the basis of measurements.From the perspective of geography,this article presented differences of various types of datum and their connection in the practical application,with a view of reference in the constructions.
Studies and analysises of TCM classical works as well as excellent physicians' experience are the important way to carry on and develop TCM theory both in current and future.Thus,Fuqingzhu Nuke·Zhongzi is selected to analyze and summarize the thought and experience of Fushan on treating infertility,providing some benefit for clinical treatment of infertility today.
Abstract Background To study the effect of microRNA‐383 (miR‐383) on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and explore its mechanism. Methods The expressions of miR‐383 and plant homology domain that refers to protein 8 (PHF8) were detected in tissues and cells by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) or western blot respectively. The miR‐383 group (transfected miR‐383 mimics), miR‐con group (transfected miR‐con), si‐con group (transfected si‐con), si‐PHF8 group (transfected si‐PHF8), miR‐383 + ctrl group (cotransfected miR‐383 mimics and pcDNA‐3.1), miR‐383 + PHF8 group (cotransfected miR‐383 mimics and pcDNA‐3.1‐PHF8) were transfected into HepG2 cells by liposome method. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were measured by 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) or trans‐well assays respectively. The luciferase activity of each group was detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Results Compared with normal adjacent tissues, the expression of miR‐383 was significantly down‐regulated and the expression of PHF8 was significantly up‐regulated ( p < .05). Compared with normal hepatocellular cell LO2, the expression of miR‐383 was significantly reduced ( p < .05) in HCC cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR‐383 or silencing of PHF8 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. In addition, PHF8 was targeted by miR‐383 and its restoration rescued the inhibitory effect of miR‐383 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Conclusion miR‐383 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by targeting PHF8, which will provide a basis for miR‐383 targeted therapy for HCC.
Objective: To investigate the possible roles of Th1/Th2 in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: The condition of Th1/Th2 was detected by flow cytometry, the IFN-γ and IL-4 mRNA expression in PBMCs were examined by RT-PCR in ninety-seven patients with AD and twenty healthy people. Results: The proportion of Th1 in patients was lower(P 0.01) and the proportion of Th2 was higher than those in the control group(P 0.01), IL-4 mRNA expression in the PBMCs of the patients with AD was significantly higher than that of the control group(P 0.01), but the difference of IFN-γ mRNA expression was not statistical between two groups(P 0.05).Conclusion: There was Th1/Th2 imbalance in the patients with AD,and the overexpression of Th2 may play an important role in the mechanism of AD.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, making early diagnosis crucial for improving patient outcomes. While the gut microbiome, including bacteria and viruses, is believed to be essential in cancer pathogenicity, the potential contribution of the gut virome to PC remains largely unexplored. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the gut viral compositional and functional profiles between PC patients and healthy controls, based on fecal metagenomes from two publicly available data sets comprising a total of 101 patients and 82 healthy controls. Our results revealed a decreasing trend in the gut virome diversity of PC patients with disease severity. We identified significant alterations in the overall viral structure of PC patients, with a meta-analysis revealing 219 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) showing significant differences in relative abundance between patients and healthy controls. Among these, 65 vOTUs were enriched in PC patients, and 154 were reduced. Host prediction revealed that PC-enriched vOTUs preferentially infected bacterial members of Veillonellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, and Streptococcaceae, while PC-reduced vOTUs were more likely to infect Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Peptostreptococcaceae. Furthermore, we constructed random forest models based on the PC-associated vOTUs, achieving an optimal average area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.879 for distinguishing patients from controls. Through additional 10 public cohorts, we demonstrated the reproducibility and high specificity of these viral signatures. Our study suggests that the gut virome may play a role in PC development and could serve as a promising target for PC diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Future studies should further explore the underlying mechanisms of gut virus-bacteria interactions and validate the diagnostic models in larger and more diverse populations.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)