The article proves the necessity of forming and using a digital ecosystem for the fuel and energy complex as a driver of the national economy. A reasoned list of features characteristic of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine, different from other branches of the economy, is given. The species components that form the ecosystem itself and the positive and negative impact of the fuel and energy complex on the ecosystem have been updated. The author's vision of a scientific and practical approach to the formation of the effective development of the fuel and energy complex and the system for ensuring its energy security is presented. In order to objectively assess the state of effective development of the fuel and energy complex and the formation of a system for ensuring its energy security, a more detailed analysis (in dynamics) of the dependence of the gross domestic product on the size of the supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning was carried out. Determination of the closeness of the dependence between GDP and the volume of supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning was carried out according to the empirical correlation relation. The high tightness of the connection was proved and the determination index for non-linear connections was calculated - 88%. Visualization of the positive and negative impact of the fuel and energy complex on the ecosystem is graphically formed. It is emphasized that the adaptation of ecosystems to the factors causing changes requires a quick response to changes in market dynamics, otherwise irreversible processes in the energy security system are likely
To date, upper respiratory tract stenosis is a serious problem in pets, leading to increasing respiratory failure. This pathological condition can occur as an independent disease, such as various malformations against the background of destructive changes in the rings of the trachea, or as a result of oncological or other proliferative diseases. It can also occur as a result of iatrogenic effects, such as prolonged inhalation anesthesia or forced ventilation, in dogs. To date, the only therapeutic interventions that restore the patency of the trachea have been surgical interventions using endotracheal prostheses, or "stents". But the main problem with stenting is a local inflammatory reaction to the stent, which has to be dealt with by the use of systemic antibiotics and corticosteroids. Long-term systemic use of which leads to systemic disorders on the part of the body. Therefore, the search for local delivery methods is currently the most significant and relevant. The greatest interest in this regard is played by various biodegradable polymers based on polylactic acid with medicinal substances included in their structure.
The purpose of the article is the formation of business models of the energy sector of the economy on the basis of neotechnological reproduction. According to the results of the carried out study, we can state that, despite the fact that Ukraine has a strong fuel and energy potential, it lags behind the most economically developed countries in the technological, information, and digital provision. The old model of industrialization, based on the circulation of an increasing number of natural, material and labor resources, must now be changed to meet the requirements of neotechnological reproduction. The article, based on the results of the carried out analysis, defines that the pace of transition to efficient energy use does not keep with the goals declared by international politics. Energy conservation, bioenergy, carbon capture and storage are prime examples of areas where there is significant potential for technological development, still it is unlikely to be realized unless decisive policy actions will lead to the necessary investments. Some significant progress in the development and implementation of new technologies was achieved only where the policy clearly demonstrated the value of technical innovation. The recovery of the national economy is happening at a faster pace than previously expected, though still maintaining some imbalance of supply and demand in the energy market, which, in turn, influences the stability of energy carriers prices. In the future, energy will face many more shocks and periods of turbulence. Therefore, the government faces the difficult task of developing an individual, comprehensive and balanced approach to the development of a national strategy for the development and formation of energy security. The basis of this process will be the desire to ensure national energy security, that is, taking into account both environmental and economic aspects through proper diversification of energy supply sources.
Нові виклики сьогодення диктують зміни до базових підходів щодо формування стратегічних векторів зміцнення енергетичної безпеки держави. Вкрай важливими чинниками, що продукують такі зміни, виступають проблеми ризик-орієнтованого характеру. Окрім цього, вони підсилюються наслідками вторгнення росії на територію України. Зрозуміло, що заявлені раніше базові підходи до формування стратегічних векторів зміцнення енергетичної безпеки держави, видозмінилися та трансформувалися в нові підходи. Зважаючи на мінливе середовище сьогодення, особливої актуальності набуває енергетична безпека держави, яка потребує підтримки з боку міжнародних інституцій, та виокремлення екзооб’єднувального підходу до формування стратегічних векторів її зміцнення. Мета. Дослідити енергетичну безпеку держави крізь призму вітчизняного та світового масштабу, що дасть змогу визначити базові підходи до формування стратегічних векторів її зміцнення. Метод (методологія). У процесі дослідження використано такі методи, як логічний, що дав змогу проаналізувати наукові праці у площині енергетичної безпеки держави; аналіз і синтез, що дали змогу виокремити базові підходи формування стратегічних векторів її зміцнення. Результати. Охарактеризовано сутнісну характеристику енергетичної безпеки держави. Зосереджено увагу на її розумінні через нормативно-правове підґрунтя. Виокремлено дев’ятнадцять базових підходів до формування стратегічних векторів зміцнення енергетичної безпеки держави, серед яких вісім із них перебувають у постійній взаємодії (ресурсно-технологічний, відомчий, екологічний, соціальний, управлінський, описовий, геополітичний і економічний). Детальний аналіз базових підходів визначив екзооб’єднувальний підхід, що дозволить реалізацію оптимістичного сценарію розвитку через призму постійної взаємодії між усіма підходами з елементами споживчоцентризму. Встановлено, що базові підходи взаємодіють між собою, доповнюють один одного та створюють ефект синергії.
The article is aimed at forming the economic ideology of the country’s energy security in turbulent economic conditions. According to the results of the carried out research, it can be said that the modern assessment of the economic situation, setting goals, all economic activity implies the existence of a starting point – the formation of a convergent and communication basis of the economic ideology of the country’s energy security. The transformation of a social country into an economic system with market coordination mechanisms inevitably entails changes in socioeconomic relations, accompanied by shifts in various fields of activity. Adapting society to modern challenges faces problems; the decline in social production is accompanied by a decrease in the number of employed, an increase in negative phenomena in culture, public consciousness; an increase in social tensions, and a decrease in economic activity. Recent years have shown that the transition economy does not live up to its name, tends to stabilize and stagnate at a critically low level. The article, based on the results of the conducted analysis, considers the ideological approach to the formation of the country’s energy security. It is determined that the strategic guidelines of the economic ideology of the country’s energy security are energy and environmental security, energy efficiency and budget efficiency. Achieving these indicators and increasing the controllability of the energy development process requires the formation of the main elements of the country’s energy policy. The constantly developing regulatory framework will become the basis for the convergent and communication basis for the formation of the economic ideology of the country’s energy security. The improvement of the economic ideology of the country’s energy security will take place through the further development of legislation, which ensures the stability, completeness and coherence of the economic and legal framework of this most important sphere of public life.
The purpose of the article is to develop a conception for the formation of an institutional environment for energy security management, taking into account factors of external and internal influence. According to the results of the carried out study, it can be said that the transformation of the State system and the economic system, accompanied by centrifugal tendencies in the spheres of institutional management and the economy of the fuel and energy complex, has led to the emergence of a number of general, interrelated tendencies, among which are: changing the role of defining and expanding the conceptual mechanisms of market interaction between business entities; decentralization of service management in general, transfer of powers to the regional level; liberalization of prices for goods and services; change in qualitative and quantitative parameters of the functioning of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex. It is determined that along with the development of the enterprise, there is an objective need to eliminate the state of uncertainty and establish control over risks, and with the achievement of maturity, the business entity is «included» in the process of forming a conceptual institutional environment. The activities of economic entities in the modern economy cannot be analyzed from the point of view of neoclassical theory, since its methodological and categorical basis is insufficient for adequate analysis and explanation of economic phenomena in dynamics, for this it is necessary to form an institutional approach. It is determined that the systematization of institutions as elements of the institutional environment of economic entities of the fuel and energy complex allowed to identify their conceptual multilateral and multi-level nature.
The modern concept of economic systems security activity has been updated, which consists in the formation of a business entity security strategy that would not violate the security parameters dictated by the external environment. It is emphasized that the level of the state's energy supply security is characterized by a certain vulnerability to threats, and it is proved that the resistance to threats is inherent in enterprises, since the ability to perform their functions of energy supply for other enterprises forms the phenomenon of ensuring the energy security of dependent economic entities. In the process of research, it is proposed to use such security parameters as economic, energy, ecological and informational, and the justification of their choice and their evaluation criteria is carried out. For each of the selected security parameters, key threats are defined taking into account the specifics of the industry. Enterprise security is considered in the context of selected parameters. The interaction of the security of the business entity and state security is reflected. The main measures and directions that will enable the key parameters of security operation in the oil and gas industry are summarized. It is proposed to form a methodology for assessing the level of security of oil and gas enterprises based on the obtained theoretical studies.
